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Biomedical subjects

M O'Brien

Publications and source records attributed to M O'Brien.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Ultrastructural, cytochemical and surface marker analysis of cells during blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia.

The blast cells of 19 patients with Ph1-positive chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) in blast crisis (BC) were studied by means of several techniques: morphology, cytochemistry, ultrastructure, surface markers and the enzyme terminal transferase. Cells of BC were, in most case, extremely undifferentiated by morphology and cytochemistry. Our data showed that in 80% of cases the cells in BC were myeloid and in 20% they were "lymphoblastic". The M1, M2 and M3 forms (FAB classification) were rare in CGL BC compared with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). A megakaryoblastic type was seen in 15% of BC cases; the existence of this form could only be demonstrated by electron microscopy. The limphoblastic BC cells were, as in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), positive with Greaves' anti-ALL serum and had elevated levels of terminal transferase. A case of a 17-year old boy presenting as ALL, reverting to chronic-phase CGL after complete remission and developing terminally a myeloid BC is described in detail. This case helps to illustrate a new form of natural history of CGL unveiled by the present study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A clinical prototype for auditory memory span.

An initial examination of an experimental test for auditory memory span was administered to 12 children (ages 5,6 to 7,0) with moderate to severe functional articulation problems. The experimental retention test (ERT), based on a minimal-pairs, distinctive feature paradigm, correlated significantly with three indices of articulatory performance: consonantal intelligibility, total sounds in error, and total number of misarticulations. Descriptive data are presented for clinical evaluation and further test development.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed1978

Burn rehabilitation-a team approach.

The team concept in the treatment of burned patients is an effective approach in caring for the physical, psychological, and social needs of the patient. Through the initiation of early rehabilitation services, long-term problems can be prevented and a quicker return to a meaningful life style is possible.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Home and hospital: a comparison of the experiences of mothers having home and hospital confinements.

A survey of women delivered in 24 different districts compared the patients' reports of their experiences of delivery in hospital with delivery at home.Among the findings were that labour lasted a significantly shorter time at home, significantly fewer women were left alone at home, and significantly fewer had episiotomies at home.Husbands played much more of a role at home and 76 per cent were present at the birth compared with 30 per cent in hospital.Of the mothers at home 57 per cent held their baby "as long as they wanted" compared with 29 per cent in hospital.These and other factors suggest that more needs to be done to improve the qualitative aspects of delivery in hospital and especially to promote warmer human relationships within the patient's family.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Initial clinical evaluation of the Hospal artificial kidney system.

A high flux artificial kidney system, which permits control over ultrafiltration, has been developed and patients are now being treated with it at a large outpatient kidney center. The basic operating characteristics have been described and some preliminary clinical results mentioned. Characteristics of the Hospital Artificial Kidney System are: 1. Higher clearances for middle molecules than conventional systems; 2. Adequate clearances for small solutes such as urea; 3. Predictable control of ultrafiltration with discrepancies between actual weight loss and theoretical weight loss on the order of 0.7 to 1.3 ml/min, when the system is operated in the designated manner.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1977

Phagocytic potential of leukaemic B-lymphocytes.

Phagocytosis of small latex particles was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy in a proportion of cells from B-lymphoproliferative disorders including chronic lymphocytic, prolymphocytic and hairy cell leukaemia. It was not observed in a case of T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or in normal lymphocytes. A significant correlation was observed between the binding of latex to the lymphocyte surface and the degree of phagocytosis. It is suggested that the phagocytic activity of leukaemic B-lymphocytes is mediated through their Fc receptor and that this property may also be present in normal B-cells. Among mononuclear cells, therefore, phagocytosis can no longer be considered exclusively a property of monocytes.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1977

Megakaryoblastic transformation of chronic granulocytic leukaemia. An electron microscopy and cytochemial study.

Morphological, cytochemical, and ultrastructural electron microscopic (EM) studies were performed on blood and bone-marrow cells of case of Ph1-positive chronic ganulocytic leukaemia in megakaryocytic acute transformation. The entire leukaemic cell population was found to consist and of megakaryoblasts and megakaryocytes. Intermediate stages of maturation between blasts and micromegakaryocytes were observed at EM level.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pediatric nurse associates in a large official health agency: their education, training, productivity, and cost.

During 1974, 29 pediatric nurse associates and 15 pediatric nurse associate trainees worked in the child health care system of the New York City Department of Health. All of these nurse associates, formerly public health nurses from the Department of Health, were trained in a one-year, intensive, closely supervised didactic and clinical course. Within the child health units the nurse associates assumed clinical roles in the care of well and sick preschool children according to the written guidelines and protocols of the Department. In addition, they continued to function in the traditional role of the public health nurse for their own patients, rendering counseling, referral, and follow-up services as indicated. Physicians acted as consultants to the pediatric nurse associates. Comparisons are made between pediatric nurse associate-physician staff versus public health nurse-physician staff in terms of productivity and cost.

Child↗