Biomedical subjects

M Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to M Ogino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Alpha 2 integrin +807 polymorphism in drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Alpha2 integrin on fibroblasts is reported to play an important role in the induction of drug-induced gingival overgrowth, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of type I collagen in gingival connective tissue. Silent polymorphism 807 T/C within the alpha2 integrin gene is associated with high/low alpha2 integrin expression. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that expression of alpha2 integrin 807 T/C polymorphism correlates with drug-induced gingival overgrowth. A case-control study comparing 136 subjects taking calcium channel blockers (72 with vs. 64 without drug-induced gingival overgrowth) demonstrated that the frequency of the +807 C allele was significantly higher in the case group than in the controls (odds ratio, 3.61; 95% confidence interval, 2.14 - 6.10; P < 0.05). The present findings suggest that the alpha2 +807 C allele is one of the genetic risk factors for drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Detection of antibody for the serodiagnosis of hantavirus infection in different rodent species.

Peroxidase-labeled staphylococcal protein A, streptococcal protein G, and antibodies directed against Mus musculus (mouse), Rattus norvegicus (rat), Mesocretus auratus (hamster), and Peromyscus leucopus were examined for their reactivity with immunoglobulin G (IgG) from various rodent species. The purpose of this study was to identify the optimal secondary antibodies or reagents for specific serodiagnosis of hantavirus infection in various rodent species. Using ELISA, a total of 65 sera from 29 rodent species of the family Muridae and one serum sample from family Octodontidae were compared for IgG reactivity with the six different reagents. The results demonstrate that the reactivities of the secondary antibodies and reagents to the sera varied, even among sera from rodents of the same genus. Hantavirus-specific antibody ELISA revealed that hantavirus-infected rodent sera obtained from M. musculus, R. norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, A. peninsulae, and Bandicota indica bound to the six different conjugates in a similar pattern as that detected in IgG ELISA. These results indicate that the applicability of secondary antibodies and protein A and G should be carefully evaluated before use for serodiagnosis in different rodent species.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Enhanced exudation of fibrinogen into the perivascular space in acute inflammation triggered by neutrophil migration.

OBJECTIVE: The present experiments were performed to ascertain whether or not all plasma components are extravasated when vascular permeability is increased. ANIMALS: Male Sprague-Dawley strain rats (specific pathogen-free) 8 weeks old (for histamine exudation) or 9-10 weeks old (for carrageenin pleurisy) were used. METHODS: Histamine or A-carrageenin was injected into the rat right pleural cavity to induce rat pleurisy. Protein components in the inflammatory exudate and plasma were separated by high performance liquid chromatography. Coagulation time was assessed, and the fibrinogen levels in the pleural exudate were determined by thrombin time. The fibrinogen levels were also visualized by immunoblot analysis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 0.4 microg/rat, intrapleurally), anti-rat CD18 monoclonal antibody (anti-CD18 antibody, 1 mg/kg, i. v.) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF, 100 microg/kg, s.c. twice daily for 4 days) were used. RESULTS: In the histamine-induced extravasation, the level of plasma protein components with large molecules over 900 kD in the exudate was 62% of that in the rat's own plasma. The amount of fibrinogen in the pleural exudate was 1/8 of that in the plasma and was faintly detected in immunoblot analysis, but it was clearly detected after the treatment of rats with TNF-alpha. In rat carrageenin pleurisy, fibrinogen was hardly detected in immunoblot analysis in the exudate collected 0.5 h after carrageenin, when neutrophils did not migrate into the exudate. However, it was clearly present after neutrophil migration started 2 h later The increase in the neutrophil counts in the exudate caused by G-CSF enhanced the fibrinogen level in the exudate, whereas intravenous injection of anti-CD18 antibody suppressed the fibrinogen level in immunoblot analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Venular permeability increase in the rat histamine exudation induced minimal extravasation of plasma proteins with large molecules, such as fibrinogen, while fibrinogen molecule was detected in rat carrageenin-injected pleurisy, when neutrophil diapedesis occurred. Thus, only when neutrophils started to migrate into the perivascular space was fibrinogen clearly detected in the exudate.

Albumins↗

PubMed2001

Menstrual and reproductive factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage risk in women: a case-control study in nagoya, Japan.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to examine the relationship between menstrual and reproductive factors and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), using a case-control study. METHODS: Cases consisted of a consecutive series of 124 women patients with first spontaneous SAH aged 30 to 79 years and confirmed aneurysm(s) by angiography and/or CT scan. Hospital and community controls subjects were identified, matched to each case by age (+/-2 years). RESULTS: Increased SAH risk was associated with (1) earlier age at menarche (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=3.24 for age <13 years compared with age >/=13 years; 95% CI, 1.25 to 4.03) and (2) nulligravidity (adjusted OR=4.23; 95% CI, 1.05 to 7.56). No significant association of SAH risk was found with regularity of menstrual cycle, age at pregnancy, age at first birth, and number of births. The greatest risk was for the combined effect of nulligravidity and earlier menarche (<13 years) (adjusted OR=6.37; 95% CI, 1.12 to 36.2). CONCLUSIONS: The combined effect of several variables related to menstrual and reproductive history may exert a greater influence on risk of SAH compared with a single menstrual or reproductive variable.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Indomethacin increases the cytotoxicity of cis-platinum and 5-fluorouracil in the human uterine cervical cancer cell lines SKG-2 and HKUS by increasing the intracellular uptake of the agents.

BACKGROUND: Various approaches have been made to increase the cytotoxicity of cis-platinum (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5FUra), and to reduce their adverse effects. We used two human cancer cell lines of the uterine cervix (SKG-2 and HKUS) and selected indomethacin as a modifying agent to assess its effect on the cytotoxicity of CDDP and 5FUra. METHODS: The effect of indomethacin on the cytotoxicity of CDDP and 5FUra in these tumor cells was evaluated by in-vitro Alamar blue assay, and intracellular uptake of free-CDDP and 5FUra was measured to find out how indomethacin modified the cytotoxicity of CDDP and 5FUra. RESULTS: Indomethacin showed no cytotoxic effect on these tumor cells, but significantly (P < 0.005-0.001) increased the cytotoxicity of both CDDP and 5FUra, compared with single treatment by each agent. The intracellular uptake of both free-CDDP and 5FUra was measured in culture media containing the agents alone (single treatment) or the agents with indomethacin (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 microgram/ml; combined treatment). The intracellular contents of both free-CDDP (SKG-2, HKUS; P < 0.001) and 5FUra (SKG-2; P < 0.005, HKUS; P < 0.02) were significantly higher in the combined treatment than in the single treatment. CONCLUSION: This study shows that indomethacin increased the cytotoxicity of both CDDP and 5FUra by increasing the intracellular incorporation of free-CDDP and 5FUra, and suggests the effectiveness of indomethacin in reducing the dosage of CDDP and 5FUra or increasing CDDP and 5FUra cytotoxicity when these agents are given without reducing the dose.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMed2001

Mouse Mx2 protein inhibits hantavirus but not influenza virus replication.

The antiviral potential of Mx2 protein remains unknown, because the Mx2 gene in commonly used strains of laboratory mice is nonfunctional. Our previous study showed that functional Mx2 protein in some feral-origin strains was induced upon interferon treatment, was localized in the cytoplasm, and inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus replication. In the present study, we have demonstrated that the embryonic fibroblastic cells from a feral-origin strain (SPR) expressed 74 kDa Mx2 protein, which prevented the accumulation of viral transcripts and proteins of hantaviruses when the Mx2 gene was constitutively expressed in transfected Vero cells. Furthermore, the cells showed significantly lower titers of the virus than control cells. In contrast, influenza virus replication was not affected by the expression of Mx2 protein in the Vero cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

An intraoperative irrigation device using disposable syringes and an extension tube: technical note.

BACKGROUND: The authors present a simple irrigation device used in a microsurgical setting. METHODS: The system consists of a disposable i.v. catheter, an extension tube, a three-way stopcock and two disposable syringes, capable of assembly during a surgical procedure. RESULTS: The length of the handpiece of this device is comparable to other microsurgical tools, which allow both the assistant and the surgeon to grab and irrigate in a coordinated fashion. Clots, tumor contents, and tissue debris are effectively washed away. This tool is particularly useful for lavage of subarachnoid clots during surgery for ruptured intracranial aneurysms, allowing precise anatomic orientation. This device is also practical for cooling tissues adjacent to drilling sites. CONCLUSION: This system is as efficacious as other available self-irrigating microneurosurgical instruments.

Disposable Equipment↗

PubMed2001

Proper management of the rotational vertebral artery occlusion secondary to spondylosis.

A 66-year-old man with cervical spondylosis noticed severe vertigo when turning his head to the right. He underwent subclavian arteriography elsewhere, which showed a block of the contrast medium in the right vertebral artery (VA) at the C5/6 level when the patient turned his head to the right. After referral to our institute, however, postcontrast CT scan revealed an attenuated shadow of the venous plexus around the right VA at the C3/4 level. Repeated selective angiography with rotation of the head after visualization of the entire VA verified the level of obstruction to be at C3/4. Resection of the C4 transverse process through an anterior approach with drilling of the C3/4 spondylotic spur of the uncinate processi completely resolved the arterial impingement and the symptom. When evaluating rotational VA occlusion, dynamic angiography with selective catheterization is essential in determining which level is affected. The postcontrast CT scan is also useful because it suggests the level even without head rotation.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

A critical review of cost reduction in neonatal intensive care. II. Strategies for reduction.

Neonatal intensive care is extremely expensive; there is both a financial and an ethical obligation to practice efficiently. In the current era of intense cost containment in hospital care, neonatologists and hospital administrators are under pressure to find strategies for cost reduction for neonatal services. In this review, we address reducing discretionary admissions, the high costs of low-cost testing, minimizing use of selected high-cost technologies (ventilators and parenteral nutrition), shortening length of stay, and optimizing nursing allocation.

Cost Control↗

PubMed2001

A critical review of cost reduction in neonatal intensive care. I. The structure of costs.

Neonatal intensive care is expensive. In the current era of intense cost containment in hospital care, neonatologists and hospital administrators are under intense pressure to find strategies for cost reduction for neonatal services. Few neonatal clinicians are trained in economics, management, or accounting, and few hospital administrators are familiar with neonatal intensive care. In this review, we describe the structure and sources of hospital costs and the accounting systems needed to isolate and measure such costs. We discuss where efficiencies might be found and consider specific issues in capitated settings such as health maintenance organizations in the United States, the Canadian health care system and the National Health System in the United Kingdom.

Accounting↗

PubMed2001

Effect of interferon therapy on Japanese chronic hepatitis C virus patients with anti-liver/kidney microsome autoantibody type 1.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-liver/kidney microsome autoantibody type 1 (anti-LKM-1) among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected Japanese patients at various stages (chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma), and to assess the influence of anti-LKM-1 on interferon therapy. METHODS: A total of 390 serum samples from 215 HCV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis (HCV-CH), 81 HCV-infected patients with liver cirrhosis (HCV-LC), and 94 HCV-HCC infected patients were subjected to examination. Ninety-one HBsAg-positive patients and 137 healthy subjects served as controls. Anti-liver/kidney microsome autoantibody type 1 was determined by using a newly developed ELISA using recombinant cytochrome P450 IID6 as the antigen. RESULTS: Anti-liver/kidney microsome autoantibody type 1 was detected in six of the 390 (1.5%) chronic HCV-infected patients (four were HCV-CH and two were HCV-LC); in contrast, it was not detected in control groups. Among the 110 HCV-CH patients treated with interferon (IFN), four were positive for anti-LKM-1. No change in anti-LKM-1 immunoreactivity from negative to positive during interferon therapy was observed. Moreover, no increase in the serum alanine aminotransferase level was observed in these four patients with anti-LKM-1. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that: (i) anti-LKM-1 does not aggravate the liver disease associated with HCV infection; and (ii) no change in anti-LKM-1 immunoreactivity from negative to positive or no aggravations of liver dysfunction were observed among HCV-CH patients during the IFN therapy for Japanese patients with liver disease.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed2001

Effectiveness of laparoscopic gonadectomy using abdominal wall lift method on Turner's syndrome patients with 45, X/46, XY mosaicism.

We present a Turner's syndrome patient with a 45, X/46, XY mosaicism who underwent a prophylactic laparoscopic gonadectomy using the abdominal wall lift method. The patient was a 14-year-old phenotypic girl who was referred for an examination of primary amenorrhea. She had already been found to have Turner's syndrome with 45, X/46, XY mosaicism. After an extensive discussion with the patient and her family regarding her high risk for developing a gonadoblastoma, a laparoscopic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy using the abdominal wall-life method was performed. Laparoscopy using the abdominal wall lift method has an advantage over CO2 pneumoperitoneum method for patients with Turner's syndrome when it is difficult to intubate because of a webbed neck or a shortened trachea.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Truncated hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins for serotyping Hantaan, Seoul, and Dobrava hantavirus infections.

Truncated recombinant nucleocapsid proteins (rNPs) of Hantaan virus (HTNV), Seoul virus (SEOV), and Dobrava virus (DOBV) were expressed by a baculovirus system. The truncated rNPs, which lacked 49 (rNP50) or 154 (rNP155) N-terminal amino acids of the NPs of HTNV, SEOV, and DOBV, were able to differentiate HTNV-, SEOV-, and DOBV-specific immune sera. Recombinant NP50s retained higher reactivities than rNP155s and were proven useful for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISAs based on the rNP50s of HTNV, SEOV, and DOBV successfully differentiated three groups of patient sera, previously defined by neutralization tests: 17 with HTNV infection, 12 with SEOV infection, and 20 with DOBV infection. The entire rNP of Puumala virus (PUUV) distinguished PUUV infection from the other types of hantavirus infection. Serotyping with these rNP50s can be recommended as a rapid and efficient system for hantavirus diagnosis.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A signaling pathway enhances angiogenesis through induction of vascular endothelial growth factor in vivo.

We previously reported that endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) may increase cAMP facilitated angiogenesis through the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat sponge implantation models. In the present experiment, we tested whether or not adenylate cyclase / protein kinase A (AC/PKA)-dependent VEGF induction enhanced angiogenesis in this model. Topical daily injections of 8-bromo-cAMP enhanced angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Forskolin, an activator of AC, also facilitated angiogenesis as did amrinone, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. VEGF induction was confirmed by the increased levels in the fluids in the sponge matrix after topical injection of 8-bromo-cAMP. Immunohistochemical investigation further revealed the VEGF-expressed cells in the sponge granulation tissues to be fibroblasts, and the intensity of positive reactions was enhanced by 8-bromo-cAMP, forskolin and amrinone. Angiogenesis without topical injections of the above compounds was suppressed by SQ22,536, an inhibitor for AC, or H-89, an inhibitor for PKA, with concomitant reductions in VEGF levels. Daily topical injections of neutralizing antibody or anti-sense oligonucleotide against VEGF significantly suppressed angiogenesis. PGE2-induced angiogenesis was suppressed with SQ22,536 or H-89. These results suggested that AC/PKA-dependent induction of VEGF certainly enhanced angiogenesis and that pharmacological tools for controlling this signaling pathway may be able to facilitate the management of conditions involving angiogenesis.

Adenine↗

PubMed2001

FR167653, a cytokine synthesis inhibitor, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects early in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy but no effect later.

We prepared a pharmacological profile of FR167653 (1-[7- (4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8-(4-pyridyl) pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl]-2-phenylethanedion sulfate monohydrate), a cytokine synthesis inhibitor, on early (5 h after irritation) and late (14-24 h after irritation) phases of rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy and on mediator-induced plasma exudation, in comparison with that of dexamethasone. In the early phase, FR167653 (30 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) equipotently suppressed plasma exudation and leukocyte infiltration. Furthermore, both agents significantly lowered the prostanoid levels in the exudate. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein on leukocytes in the early phase of inflammation was not affected by dexamethasone, but it was suppressed by FR167653. However, FR167653 did not significantly affect the leukocyte mRNA level of cyclooxygenase-2. Both agents significantly suppressed the levels of both tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta. FR167653 had a different pharmacological profile from dexamethasone in the late phase of this model in that, unlike dexamethasone, it did not affect cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mesothelial cells, the 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha level in the exudate or hyperplasia of mesothelium. Furthermore, unlike dexamethasone, FR167653 did not consistently inhibit mediator-induced plasma exudation. These results suggest that FR167653 or one of its analogs may be new candidates for therapy with a spectrum of activity distinct from that of current anti-inflammatory steroids.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Genetic diversity of hantaviruses isolated in china and characterization of novel hantaviruses isolated from Niviventer confucianus and Rattus rattus.

The antigenic and genetic properties of 46 hantaviruses from China, 13 from patients, 23 from rodents, and 10 from unknown hosts, were compared with those of other hantaviruses. The viruses were classified as either Hantaan (HTN) or Seoul (SEO) viruses. A phylogenetic analysis of the partial M (300 bp) and S (around 485 bp) genomes of HTN viruses identified nine distinct genetic subtypes, one consisting of isolates from Korea. The SEO viruses were divided into five genetic subtypes, although they had less variability than the HTN subtypes. There was a correlation between the subtype and province of origin for four subtypes of HTN viruses, confirming geographical clustering. Hantaan virus NC167 isolated from Niviventer confucianus and SEO virus Gou3 isolated from Rattus rattus were the basal clades in each virus. The phylogenetic trees constructed from the entire S and M segments suggested that NC167 was introduced to N. confucianus in a host-switching event. The reactivity of a panel of 35 monoclonal antibodies was almost exactly the same in NC167 and a representative HTN virus and in Gou3 and a representative SEO virus. However, there was a one-way cross-neutralization between them. These results confirm the varied nature of Murinae-associated hantaviruses in China.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Are the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone responsible for inhibition of the induction of enzymes involved in prostanoid formation in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy?

Since anti-inflammatory steroids modulate multiple gene expression, including the expression of prostaglandin H synthase-2 and phospholipase A(2), at the molecular level, we studied the effects of dexamethasone on rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy to elucidate whether regulation of phospholipase A(2) and prostaglandin H synthase-2 expression is the primary mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action. Suppression of plasma exudation by a lower dose of dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) was almost equal to that by aspirin (100 mg/kg), but that by higher dexamethasone doses (3 and 30 mg/kg) was considerably stronger, suggesting the involvement of effects other than that on prostanoid formation. The lower dose of dexamethasone also significantly reduced the pleural exudate neutrophil count and prostanoid levels. However, this dose affected neither the prostaglandin H synthase-2 level nor the phospholipase A(2) activity in the exudate cells. The prostaglandin H synthase-2 level was affected only at the higher doses, while phospholipase A(2) activity was not. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone in acute inflammation cannot be ascribed to direct interference with prostanoid formation via suppression of phospholipase A(2) and prostaglandin H synthase-2 expression.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Detection of hantaviral antibodies among patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology in Japan.

Hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from patients with hepatic disease of unknown etiology in Japan by several different serological diagnostic methods. A total of 105 sera from diseased patients which were negative to A-G hepatitis virus infections in the Tokyo area were tested. Among them, 3 out of 73 sera from patients with chronic hepatic disease were positive to hantaviral antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) and Western blot analysis (WB). Neutralizing antibody titers of the 3 sera to Seoul virus (SEO) were 4 to 8 times higher than those to Hantaan virus (HTN). However, all of the 32 sera from patients with acute hepatitis were negative for hantaviral antibody. Among the 60 patients with chronic hepatitis in Hokkaido which were serologically negative to B and C hepatitis virus infection, one was positive for hantaviral antibody by ELISA and WB. In contrast, the sera from healthy adults in Japan, 550 from the Honshu and Kyushu regions, and 1,000 from the Hokkaido region, were negative for hantavirus antibody. These results show that hantaviral antibodies are more frequently detected in patients with hepatic disease than in healthy adults. However, the observation that no positive sera were detected from patients with acute hepatitis implies that hantavirus might not be directly related to hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗