PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Ohali

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohali.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Acetaminophen toxicity in children as a "therapeutic misadventure"].

Acetaminophen toxicity after repeated administration of amounts that only moderately exceed recommended doses, is being increasingly reported in alcoholic or fasting adults. Pediatric experience with this pattern of acetaminophen toxicity is sparse. We present 2 children who developed severe hepatic damage, with renal insufficiency as well in 1, after 15-20 mg/kg of acetaminophen, given at 4-hour intervals for 3-4 days during an intercurrent febrile illness. When given in doses as low as 20 mg/kg at frequent intervals for a number of days, the drug puts children who are vomiting or have sharply reduced caloric intakes at increased risk for severe toxicity. Increased caution and awareness of the toxic effects of acetaminophen are needed, and it should be dispensed with appropriate package-label warnings.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1998

Hypocomplementemic autosomal recessive hemolytic uremic syndrome with decreased factor H.

We describe the clinical course, complement components, and pathological findings of 10 infants with autosomal recessive hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). All patients were members of one extended highly inbred Bedouin kindred. The median age of presentation was 2 weeks (range 1-20 weeks). Eight patients died, 2 patients are alive, on dialysis. Renal biopsies revealed thrombotic microangiopathy with a predominant early arteriolar involvement and subsequent development of ischemic glomerular changes. Immunofluorescence was positive for C3 in glomeruli. All patients had low complement components levels during and between relapses, and in some this was evident soon after birth and prior to the onset of symptoms. This deficiency could not be normalized by repeated plasma transfusions. Biosynthetic labelling of patients' fibroblasts demonstrated normal rates of C3 protein synthesis. Serum factor H levels were greatly decreased or absent in 4 patients tested and moderately decreased in 15 of 23 healthy unaffected siblings and patients. This defect may cause complement activation and consumption, possibly at the endothelial cell level.

Arabs↗
PubMed1997

[Pediatric flexible bronchoscopy].

Between 1993-1996, 200 pediatric flexible bronchoscopies were performed. Indications were: chronic cough (158 children), persistent pulmonary infiltrates (89), recurrent stridor (28), suspected tracheobronchial foreign body (20), suspected tuberculosis (17) and hemoptysis (3). Some children had more than 1 indication. 124 patients were boys (mean 4.18 +/- 2.86 years; range 1 month-15 years) and 76 were girls (mean 4.39 +/- 2.7 years; range 4 months-15 years). The procedure included direct vision recorded by video-camera and bronchoalveolar lavage; the lavage fluid was sent for culture, Gram and Ziehl-Nielsen strains and for cytology. There were a few minor side effects: mild stridor which resolved within a few hours (10 children) and transient fever (3). This simple, flexible instrument was effective and helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of children with respiratory symptoms in a secondary hospital facility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Long-term neurological sequelae of hemolytic-uremic syndrome: a preliminary report.

Seven patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome who had major neurological symptoms during the acute illness were neurologically and cognitively evaluated prospectively several years after recovery from the illness. Four patients showed evidence of subtle neurological sequelae, including posturing, clumsiness, poor fine-motor coordination, hyperactivity, and distractibility. Psychoeducational evaluation of all seven subjects revealed mean scores within the average range in cognitive abilities, academic achievement, single word receptive vocabulary, visual/motor planning, overall adaptive functioning, and hyperactivity. The lapse of time (minimum of 7 years) between the acute illness and the psychometric evaluation could have been responsible for our normal results.

Achievement↗
PubMed1996

[Tuberculosis in early childhood].

The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has been increasing worldwide. While the incidence in the young is lower than in adults, it mirrors that of the adult population. Infants do not exhibit typical symptoms, and may present with only a low-grade fever and a mild cough which resolves within a few days. Often physical examination is within normal limits. Over the past year we diagnosed TB, confirmed by culture and histology, in 6 children under 2 years of age. We wish to increase awareness among pediatricians of the clinical forms of this disease in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Nephrocalcinosis in pseudohypoaldosteronism and the effect of indomethacin therapy.

We report four patients with pseudohypoaldosteronism, aged 5 months to 5 years. All patients had hypercalciuria and three had nephrocalcinosis. Two patients with nephrocalcinosis were treated with indomethacin. Polydipsia decreased and appetite and weight gain improved within 14 days of therapy. Hypercalciuria, polyuria, and creatinine clearance decreased 30% to 50% and urinary prostaglandin E2 levels decreased fourfold to eightfold.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Immunoregulation with levamisole in children with frequently relapsing steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome.

The immunological and clinical effects of levamisole were studied in 10 children with frequently relapsing steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The efficacy of the drug was tested during remission of the disease with all patients on alternate day steroid therapy. The lymphocyte proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin-A (Con-A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were normal. The Con-A induced suppressor T-lymphocyte activity of 7 patients was low before treatment with levamisole 8 +/- 3.7% and increased to normal values during therapy 34 +/- 6%; p less than 0.001 (control 32 +/- 5%). In these 7 children prednisolone dosage could be decreased significantly or discontinued altogether (44.1 +/- 5.3%). Patients without immunoregulatory abnormalities did not respond to levamisole. In 3 out of 4 children tested the percentage of OKT8+ cells rose during levamisole therapy from 19.7 +/- 2.1 to 37 +/- 2.3 (p less than 0.001), thus correcting the elevated pre-treatment OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio from 3.1 +/- 0.2 to 1.5 +/- 0.2; p less than 0.001 (control 1.47 +/- 0.2). These data support the hypothesis that abnormal immunoregulation may play a role in the pathogenesis of SRNS. Treatment with levamisole can be useful in some patients with the frequently relapsing form of the disease.

Adolescent↗