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Biomedical subjects

M Ohira

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohira.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Interstitial pneumonitis in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a report from the Japanese BMT Study Group.

One hundred and four patients with acute leukemia treated by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in Japan were analysed for the incidence of interstitial pneumonitis (IP). Thirty-six (35%) of 104 marrow graft recipients developed IP. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was the most frequent organism (61%). Using multivariate analysis, remission at transplant (P = 0.0001) and use of cyclosporin A to prevent graft-versus-host disease (P = 0.0363) were found to be significant factors associated with a decreased incidence of IP. For preventing IP, anti-CMV hyperimmune globulin was effective, while interferon and acyclovir were not.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental study on the splenic factor influencing hepatic regeneration].

The splenic factor influencing hepatic regeneration was investigated by using primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. The uptake of 3H-thymidine into DNA (DNA synthesis) of primary cultured hepatocytes reached maximum at 48 hours after initiation of incubation both in a splenic-extract added group and in a control-solution added group and the former showed significantly lower level (p less than 0.005) of uptake than did the latter. And the 3H-thymidine uptake was lower in a splenic venous serum added group than in an aortic or an inferior vena cava serum added group. This splenic DNA synthesis inhibiting activity was labile against heat and lost activity by trypsinization. Furthermore, when the splenic extract was subjected to gel filtration on a Sephadex G-75 column, DNA synthesis-inhibiting activity was observed in a certain fraction alone, and its molecular weight was estimated to be 50,000-60,000 daltons. Although extracts from thymus, lymph node and kidney also inhibited the uptake of 3H-thymidine, these DNA synthesis-inhibiting activities showed lower levels than that was shown in the splenic-extract added group. From these results, it is likely that a protein-like substance inhibiting hepatic regeneration is present in the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Intra-abdominal administration of CDDP in the management of carcinomatous peritonitis].

Seven patients with carcinomatous peritonitis were intraperitoneally treated with CDDP. This procedure does not require specific hydration transfusion and much less diuretic. According to Koyama and Saito's criteria, one patient showed complete response, 5 showed partial response and one no change. Following this therapy, 4 patients have lived for more than 6 months. Renal toxicity, which is considered to be the most serious side effect of CDDP, was not found. Alimentary symptoms (nausea, vomiting) were noted in all patients and myelosuppression and abdominal bleeding were recognized in a small number of patients. In conclusion, our method is considered to be advantageous in the treatment of carcinomatus peritonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intensive chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow rescue for recurrent malignant gliomas.

Eight patients, four male and four female, were treated with high dose chemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation. In the first two patients, high dose ACNU was used for the treatment without combination with other drugs. This showed severe side effects such as intratumorous bleeding on the 18th day of treatment in the first case and pulmonary fibrosis on the 35th day of treatment in the second case. Considering these results, we considered another treatment schedule which consisted of high dose ADM (100 mg/m2), VCR (1.5 mg/m2), CDDP (80 mg/m2 X 4) and Ex (800 mg/m2) within seven days. Six patients were treated with this schedule and the results indicated that two patients had a partial response (more than 50% reduction of tumour size measured by CT scan), one had a complete remission (no tumour detected by CT scan), two showed no change and one, progression of the lesion. The patients recovered from the suppression of bone marrow function after the bone marrow transplantation as indicated. Granulocytes and platelets in blood began to increase from 10 to 14 days after the transplantation and became normal within three weeks after this. Serial measurements of S-GOT and alkaline phosphatase revealed reversible elevation, if any, within four weeks of the treatment. The number of our cases is still small, but results showed that autologous bone marrow transplantation made high dose chemotherapy possible. The necessity for consideration of the blood-brain barrier for this treatment is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for three children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Three children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in first remission were given cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg on each of 2 days), fractionated total-body irradiation (total 12 Gy, six fractions), and a marrow transplant from an HLA-identical, mixed lymphocyte culture-negative sibling. All three patients are alive in a leukemia-free state 12 to 25 mo after transplantation. There were very few complication, other than mild graft-versus-host disease that developed in two patients. No interstitial pneumonitis and no serious infections have occurred. Long-term disease-free survival is expected in these patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Statistical analysis of favorable prognostic factors in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in Japan.

By means of a national survey, records of 69 patients who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from September 1975 through June 1983 were collected from 11 participating hospitals of the Total Body Irradiation (TBI) Subcommittee in Japan. The patients were divided into 34 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and 35 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). One-year survival rates were 47% and 25% in ALL and ANLL patients, respectively. Uninfected patients in remission at the time of BMT had significantly higher survival rates than the remaining patients. Significantly favorable prognostic factors were remission at the time of BMT, absence of infection at the time of BMT, younger age, preparation with low-dose-rate fractionated TBI and cyclophosphamide, and mild graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) for patients with acute leukemia treated with allogeneic BMT based on the external criterion variable of 180-day survival. By using Hayashi's quantification II, the ratios of correct discriminations for 180-day survival were calculated as 91% (31/34) and 86% (30/35) for ALL and ANLL, respectively.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical experience with alpha and beta interferon in childhood cancer].

Alpha and beta interferon were tested for antitumor activity and clinical toxicity in 15 children suffering from cancer. The drug was administered IV, IM, IT or intralesionally daily in the majority of cases in total doses of 18 X 10(6) to 9,634 X 10(5) IU. Major toxicities were a flulike syndrome, elevation of transaminase activity and leukopenia. A minor response (less than 50%) was observed in one patient with glioblastoma, treated by intrathecal administration, and an objective local response was noted in one rhabdomyosarcoma patient with multiple subcutaneous metastases, who was treated by intralesional administration. CNS leukemia in two patients improved without hematological response. Further trials are warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Autologous bone marrow transplantation in solid tumors in children].

Seven children with advanced solid tumors (2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 Ewing's sarcomas, 1 astrocytoma, 1 T cell lymphoma and 1 neuroblastoma) received high dose chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. Four patients achieved complete remissions, two had partial remissions, and one was no response. Side effect of autologous bone marrow transplantation was few compared with that of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in which graft versus host reaction, profound posttransplantation immunodeficiency and interstitial pneumonitis were unavoidable. In this report methods of bone marrow cryopreservation and elimination of tumor cells from harvested bone marrow were also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for malignant brain tumors].

Three patients with malignant gliomas were treated with the high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation. In the first two cases, the autologous bone marrow cells were stored and transplanted 48 hours after single high-dose of ACNU therapy. (800 mg/m2, 600 mg/m2) One died of intratumorous bleeding on the 18th day and the other of pulmonary fibrosis on the 35th day. Their autopsy specimens revealed that most of the tumor had degenerated with only a small portion of viable cells. The third patient was treated with high-doses of ADM (100 mg/m2), VCR (1.5 mg/m2), DDP (80 mg/m2), and EX (800 mg/m2) within eight days, prior to the cryopreserved bone marrow transplantation. Granulocytes and platelets began to increase from ten days after the transplantation and became normalized within three weeks thereafter. CT scan performed six months after the chemotherapy revealed 89% reduction of the tumor. The number of our cases is still small, but the results showed that the autologous bone marrow transplantation made high-dose chemotherapy possible. The necessity for cryopreservation of bone marrow was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparative study of protected environment for children with malignant disease.

Thirty-three children with malignancy were investigated to evaluate the effect of reverse isolation with or without decontamination on prevention of infection. They were allocated to three groups: Group A, isolation in a laminar air flow room plus oral nonabsorbable antibiotics and sterile food; group B, isolation in a vertical air flow room without decontamination; group C, isolation in a conventional private room. Infectious episodes were the fewest and the rate of response to cancer chemotherapy was the highest in group A. Pyrexial days (greater than 38 degrees C) and days on systemic antibiotics were significantly fewer in groups A and B. Episodes of infection were also significantly fewer in group A but not in group B, as compared with group C. The usefulness and the necessity of a laminar air flow room as well as a vertical air flow room for management of childhood cancer were demonstrated.

Adolescent↗