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Biomedical subjects

M Ohtake

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohtake.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Hypercalcemia in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: frequent implication of parathyroid hormone-related peptide and E2A-HLF from translocation 17;19.

Hypercalcemia is relatively rare but clinically important complication in childhood leukemic patients. To clarify the clinical characteristics, mechanisms of hypercalcemia, response to management for hypercalcemia, incidence of t(17;19) and final outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accompanied by hypercalcemia, clinical data of 22 cases of childhood ALL accompanied by hypercalcemia (>12 mg/dl) reported in Japan from 1990 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Eleven patients were 10 years and older. Twenty patients had low white blood cell count (<20 x 10(9)/l), 15 showed hemoglobin> or =8 g/dl and 14 showed platelet count > or =100 x 10(9)/l. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-mediated hypercalcemia was confirmed in 11 of the 16 patients in whom elevated-serum level or positive immunohistochemistry of PTHrP was observed. Hypercalcemia and accompanying renal insufficiency resolved quickly, particularly in patients treated with bisphosphonate. t(17;19) or add(19)(p13) was detected in five patients among 17 patients in whom karyotypic data were available, and the presence of E2A-HLF was confirmed in these five patients. All five patients with t(17;19)-ALL relapsed very early. Excluding the t(17;19)-ALL patients, the final outcome of ALL accompanied by hypercalcemia was similar to that of all childhood ALL patients, indicating that the development of hypercalcemia itself is not a poor prognostic factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Induction of CYP1A2 by phenobarbital in the livers of aryl hydrocarbon-responsive and -nonresponsive mice.

The effects of phenobarbital treatment on the expression of the cytochrome P-450 (CYP or P-450) enzyme CYP1A2 in the livers of mice of various strains were examined. Phenobarbital induced the expression of CYP1A2 at the levels of mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity (methoxyresorufin O-demethylation and metabolic activation of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) in both aryl hydrocarbon-responsive [C57BL/6NCrj (C57BL/6), C3H/HeJSlc] and -nonresponsive (DBA/2NCrj, AKR/JSea, NZB/NSlc) mouse strains. The induction of CYP2B10, which is known as a phenobarbital-inducible P-450 in mice, was prominent in the livers of all five strains examined, whereas clear inductive effects on the P-450 CYP2B9 were not observed in female C57BL/6 and female DBA/2NCrj mice. These results indicate that CYP1A2 is a member of the family of phenobarbital-inducible genes in mice and suggest that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent induction pathway is not involved in the induction of CYP1A2. This concept is in accordance with those proposed by other laboratories recently using the AhR knockout mice. The following are new observations of this report. The magnitude of the increases in the CYP1A2 mRNA, protein, and enzyme activities were comparable among these three levels (ranging from 1.4- to 3. 1-fold), suggesting that the induction of CYP1A2 by phenobarbital is mainly determined at a pretranslational level. Cyclobarbital, pentobarbital, and secobarbital also induced CYP1A2 mRNA in primary culture hepatocytes from C57BL/6 mice. Barbital, in contrast, did not show any clear inductive effect on CYP1A2 mRNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Distribution of Dopamine Transporter in the Rat: an Immunohistochemical Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the organ distribution of dopamine transporter (DAT) in rats by immunohistochemical method. METHODS: Dopamine transporter (DAT) was identified immunohistochemically in the tissues using specific antipeptide antiserum raised in New Zealand white rabbits immunized with a conjugate of synthetic DAT peptide (29-45) with bovine serum albumin. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by avidin-biotin complex method. RESULTS: DAT immunoreactivity was visualized in the neural perikarya, axons and dendrites of the central nervous system, retina, adrenal medulla, Auerbach's nervous branch and Meissner's nervous branch of the stomach, small intestine and colon, anterior pituitary, and lung. When using antiserum preincubated with synthetic DAT peptide (DAT, 29-45) or hypothalamus homogenate which contains DAT, no significant stain of neurons in the hypothalamus was detected. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that DAT is widely distributed and that the method used is valuable in studying the distribution of DAT in rats.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence and allele frequency estimation of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) in Holstein-Friesian cattle in Japan.

Blood samples from 796 Holstein dairy cows in 20 herds from 6 districts in Japan from June 1994 to August 1995 were examined to determine whether they were BLAD-free, BLAD carriers, or BLAD-affected by use of DNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The usage of semen of confirmed BLAD-carriers for artificial insemination in the Hokkaido district and two selected dairy farms was examined to estimate the gene frequency of BLAD carriers of sires. BLAD-carrier prevalence in 20 herds (796 cows, over 2.5 years old) ranged from 0 to 23.5%, and the mean BLAD-carrier prevalence was 8.1%. The BLAD-carrier prevalence in 10 herds (363 cows) in which the occurrence of BLAD was not detected by the DNA-PCR test ranged from 0 to 12.5% with a mean of 5.4%. The BLAD-carrier prevalence in 10 herds (433 cows) in which the occurrence of BLAD was confirmed by DNA-PCR analysis ranged from 2.6 to 23.5% with a mean of 10.8%, and these values were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of dairy herds in which the occurrence of BLAD was not detected. The age distribution in BLAD carriers in these cows ranged from 2.5 to 11 years. The mean gene frequencies of BLAD among 796 cows from 20 herds and 433 cows from 10 herds in which the occurrence of BLAD was detected were 0.041 and 0.054, respectively. The proportional usage of semen of BLAD carriers for artificial insemination in the Hokkaido district in 1992 was 12.6%, and its gene frequency was 0.058. On two selected farms in which higher BLAD-carrier rates were detected, the prevalences were 35.5% and 25.8%, and their gene frequencies were 0.177 and 0.129, respectively. The occurrence of BLAD-affected in Holstein dairy cattle was estimated to be 0.16-0.31% at birth in Japan without genetic control.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Organ distribution of iodide transporter (symporter) in the rat: immunohistochemical study.

Iodide transporter/symporter (NIS) was identified immunohistochemically in rat tissues using specific antipeptide serum. Anti-NIS serum was raised in New Zealand white rabbits immunized with a conjugate of synthetic NIS peptide (39-53) with bovine serum albumin. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by avidine-biotin complex method. NIS immunoreactivity was visualized in the thyroid gland, gastric and small intestine mucosa, anterior pituitary, adrenal medulla, pancreatic islets, kidney, chorioid plexus and several brain and spinal cord nuclei. When using antiserum preincubated with synthetic NIS peptide (39-53) or rat thyroid homogenate containing NIS, no significant stain of the thyroid gland was detected. These findings suggest that NIS is widely distributed and that the method used is suitable for studying the distribution of NIS in rats.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Suppression of hepatic portal blood flow caused by carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum can be restored after dopamine administration in pigs.

Portal venous blood flow (PVF), hepatic arterial blood flow (HAF) and systemic arterial pressure (SAP) were examined after dopamine (DA) injection into the jugular vein under carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum in pigs. When intraabdominal pressure (IAP) was increased by 12 mmHg, PVF and HAF were reduced, but SAP was unchanged. When IAP was kept at 12 mmHg, the injection of DA at 10 micrograms/kg/min for 2 min produced an increase in PVF without causing any change in HAF or SAP. The response in PVF was dose-dependent. When IAP was increased to 16 mmHg, PVF response was diminished, and no change in HAF or SAP was seen at the same dose of DA. These observations suggest that DA is effective in increasing PVF under enhanced IAP conditions, but such circulatory improvement due to the agent would be prominent when IAP is below 12 mmHg.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Enhancement of portal blood flow by ursodesoxycholic acid in partially hepatectomized rats.

Portal venous flow (PVF) was examined after portal injection of ursodesoxycholic acid (URSO) in rats that were partially hepatectomized by either 40% or 66%. URSO (10 mg/kg per minute) was injected into the portal vein and was thereafter observed to increase PVF concomitantly with a fall in portal vein and was thereafter observed to increase PVF concomitantly with a fall in portal venous pressure (PVP) in control animals. The increase in PVF in response to URSO was dose-dependent. In hepatectomized rats, the PVF response was augmented when the same dose of URSO was portally injected, and the magnitude of response was enhanced in proportion to the volume of liver resected. These results suggest that URSO increases PVF through vasodilation of the portal vessels, and therefore URSO is considered to increase PVF potently in a partially hepatectomized condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Simultaneous development of Crohn's disease and myelodysplastic syndrome progressing to acute myelocytic leukemia in a patient with a normal karyotype.

A 28-year-old man developed Crohn's disease and myelodysplastic syndrome concurrently. Chromosomal analysis of the bone marrow revealed a normal male karyotype. Subsequently, the myelodysplastic syndrome progressed to acute myelocytic leukemia. Several causes, including the medical treatment for Crohn's disease, chromosomal abnormalities, and a common underlying immune dysfunction, have been proposed as pathogenetic factors in the association with Crohn's disease of hematologic malignancies. This case suggests that neither medical treatment for Crohn's disease nor chromosomal abnormalities are inevitable causes of the development of hematologic malignancies associated with Crohn's disease. At present, the cause of the association remains unclear, although the idea of a common immune dysfunction is attractive.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Esophagomediastinal fistula as a complication of tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis.

In a 44-year-old female esophagomediastinal fistula was found secondary to tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis. Chest computed tomography revealed amorphous air collection in the subcarinal region of the mediastinum with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Esophagography with gastrografin confirmed esophagomediastinal fistula. The patient was treated with antituberculous therapy with rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol, resulting in resolution of the esophagomediastinal fistula and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Distribution of somatostatin receptor type 2 in the rat: immunohistochemical study.

Somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR-2) was identified immunohistochemically in the rat tissues using specific antipeptide antiserum raised in New Zealand white rabbits immunized with a conjugate of synthetic SSTR-2 peptide (31-41) with bovine serum albumin. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by avidin-biotin complex method. SSTR-2 immunoreactivity was visualized in the central nervous system and anterior pituitary thus supporting previous investigations of SSTR-2 distribution using in vitro autoradiographic ligand binding. Significant stain was detected in neural perikarya, axons and dendrites as well as in many cells of retina, adrenal medulla, gastric and duodenal mucosa, Auerbach's nervous branch and Meíssner's nervous branch of the stomach, small intestine and colon. When using antiserum preincubated with synthetic SSTR-2 peptide (31- 41) or rat anterior pituitary homogenate which contains SSTR-2 peptide, no significant stain of the anterior pituitary or neurons in the hypothalamus was detected. These findings suggest that SSTR-2 is widely distributed and that the method used is valuable in studying the distribution of SSTR-2 in rats.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[Paraplegia following coeliac plexus block by anterior approach under direct vision].

We report here a case of paraplegia following coeliac plexus block by anterior approach under direct vision. Laparotomy was performed in a 62-year-old male patient with pancreatic cancer. Coeliac plexus block was undertaken in order to control his back pain, since the tumor was unresectable. The patient complained of numbness and weakness of his legs 14 hours later. The consequence of neurological events was diagnosed as ischemic infarct of the spinal cord by myelo-CT and MRI. He died of pancreatic cancer without recovery of neurological disturbances 4 months after the surgery. As demonstrated in this case, even when coeliac plexus block was performed by open anterior approach under direct vision, paraplegia might be a possible complication due to the anatomical proximity of coeliac plexus to the Adamkiewicz's artery.

Autonomic Nerve Block↗
PubMed1995

The effect of pentoxifylline on acid-induced alveolar epithelial injury.

BACKGROUND: Acid instillation into one lung is known to cause an increase in the permeability of the endothelium to protein in both the instilled and the contralateral lungs. Activated neutrophils are believed to be involved in causing this increased permeability. Pentoxifylline, a drug used in clinical practice, has multiple effects on neutrophils, including inhibition of phagocytosis, degranulation, and superoxide generation. This study investigated whether pretreatment with pentoxifylline would protect the alveolar epithelium or lung endothelium from injury. METHODS: The effect of acid instillation into one lung of anesthetized rabbits using several quantitative parameters was investigated. The quantification of the bidirectional movement of the alveolar (125I-albumin) and the circulating protein tracers (131I-albumin) was used as a measurement of the permeabilities of the lung epithelium and the lung endothelium in the acid-instilled lung. Bronchoalveolar lavage and measurement of the entry of the circulating protein tracer were used to assess the permeabilities of these barriers in the noninstilled lung. RESULTS: The instillation of HCl (pH 1.25, 1.2 ml/kg) into the right lung resulted in an increase in the protein permeability of the right lung's alveolar epithelium and endothelium as well as an increase in the permeability to protein of the left lung's endothelium. Pentoxifylline pretreatment attenuated the increase in the endothelial permeability of both lungs by 50% and restored the PaO2/FIO2 to normal in the pretreated animals exposed to acid injury. CONCLUSIONS: Acid aspiration causes a dramatic increase in the alveolar epithelial permeability of the acid-instilled lung, but the permeability of the alveolar epithelium of the contralateral lung remains normal. In contrast, unilateral acid instillation causes an increase in the permeability of the endothelium of both lungs. The increase in endothelial permeability can be attenuated by pretreatment with pentoxifylline administration, and this leads to restoration of normal gas exchange.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Liver regeneration is enhanced by omeprazole in rats following partial hepatectomy.

The effect of omeprazole on liver regeneration was studied in rats following partial (65 per cent) hepatectomy. Omeprazole 0.2 mg/kg increased the relative liver weight (weight of liver as a proportion of body-weight) and mitotic index (P < 0.05). There was no difference in food and water intake. The serum gastrin concentration was significantly higher in animals receiving omeprazole 0.2 mg/kg than in controls (P < 0.05). Omeprazole administration induced an increase in the level of serum alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05) but had no effect on serum albumin, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and total bilirubin levels. Omeprazole stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and this regeneration may be mediated by gastrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

An interaction between glucose and estrogen in gastric acid secretion in the lateral hypothalamic area of female rats.

Gastric acid outputs caused by glucose injection into the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) were examined in insulin hypoglycemia with or without estradiol-17 beta (EST) administration in bilaterally ovariectomized (OV) female rats. The basal level of acid output was higher in OV rats without EST than in OV rats with EST. When acid response was expressed as the percentage change, glucose injection into the LHA decreased acid output in a dose-dependent fashion in OV rats, while, in OV rats with EST, glucose injection into the LHA also reduced acid output without dose dependency. It was also noted that the threshold concentration of glucose that induced an acid response was lower in OV rats without EST than in OV rats with EST. These findings suggest that glucose-sensitive neurons responsible for gastric acid secretion can be modulated by estrogen at the LHA level.

Adrenalectomy↗