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Biomedical subjects

M Olausson

Publications and source records attributed to M Olausson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cell-mediated immune responses in renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporin and prednisolone with or without azathioprine.

The cell-mediated immune response was studied, using mixed lymphocyte reactivity (MLR) and cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) tests, in patients with well-functioning kidney grafts from living donors at 6 and 12 months and at 2-5 years after transplantation. The patients were allocated to treatment with cyclosporin A (CyA) and prednisolone (group A) or with CyA, prednisolone and azathioprine (group B). The MLR towards a third party were in the range of that of untreated controls while the anti-donor activities were reduced after 6 months in both groups. The CML activities in group A towards a third party were in the range of that of untreated controls at all times, while the anti-donor activities were decreased. By contrast, the CML activities in group B towards a third party were decreased during the first year and were in the range of that of normal controls at 2-5 years. The anti-donor CML activities were low at all times in group B. In summary, the two CyA protocols allowed the induction of donor-specific unresponsiveness within the first post-transplant year. The anti-third party activities were low during the first post-transplant year in recipients with triple therapy but not in those without azathioprine.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Alteration in T cell subset phenotypes as cell markers for rejection or long-term allograft acceptance in allografted rats treated with antithymocyte globulin.

The alterations in the absolute levels of lymphocyte phenotype subsets were measured in a rat model for heart allograft acceptance induced by antithymocyte globulin (ATG). In untreated, allografted rats all T lymphocytes decreased with 50% within 3 days after transplantation and recovered within 1 week. ATG alone induced a depletion of 75% of the T lymphocytes, which did not normalise until 60 days after treatment. During the first 10 days, ATG-treated rats with an accepted allograft had higher levels of T lymphocytes than those with rejections while the T lymphocytes recovered faster after day 10 in the later rats. The study demonstrates different alterations in T lymphocytes phenotype subsets between rejecting rats and rats with long-term accepted allograft. It also shows that the operation trauma with rejection as well as the ATG treatment strongly influence the T cell subsets.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Renal retransplantation in patients with HLA-antibodies.

The results of 92 consecutive renal retransplantations, performed during a 5-year period in recipients with HLA-antibodies, were retrospectively analysed. The actuarial 1-year graft survival (1-y GS) was 65% for all retransplantations, as compared with 63% for first grafts in sensitized recipients. For the second (n = 56), third (n = 24) and fourth-fifth (n = 12) grafts 1-y GS was 64%, 71% and 58%, respectively. Acute rejection was the major cause of graft loss (45%). Recipients with > 3 years GS of the preceding transplant had significantly better GS at retransplantation. Also, grafts with no HLA mismatches had significantly prolonged GS. One-y GS was 78% when PRA (panel reacting antibody) was less than 50%, and 60% when PRA was more than 50%. A benefit of repeated mismatches was demonstrated in the subgroup with PRA < 50%, in contrast to recipients with PRA > 50%, suggesting that, in some patients, an absence of antibody response against certain antigens might be used as a basis for future deliberate mismatching.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Adjuvant treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid prevents acute rejection in rats receiving heart allografts.

Adjuvant treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for liver-transplant recipients has been reported to reduce the frequency of acute rejection episodes. To explore this effect further, UDCA was given to rats in an experimental heart transplantation model, with or without concomitant immunosuppressive treatment with antihymocyte globulin (ATG). UDCA was administered orally 7 days before and 14 days after transplantation. Rats treated with UDCA alone or in combination with ATG were compared with untreated controls and ATG-treated recipients. Adjuvant treatment with UDCA was found to induce prolonged graft survival and increase the amount of transplant tolerance in rats. Serum levels of bilirubin and aminotransferases were not altered irrespective of the UDCA dose given. The results indicate that UDCA has an immunomodulatory capacity that might not be restricted to the liver, but also might apply to other transplanted organs as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Recurrence of SLE in transplanted kidneys: a follow-up transplant biopsy study.

Renal transplant biopsies were obtained from 16 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus 6 months to 11 years post-transplant. Eight biopsies were taken on clinical grounds while eight were elective. Histopathological findings suggesting recurrent lupus nephritis were found in seven biopsies, five of which were taken on clinical indication. By light-microscopy, five graft biopsies showed proliferative glomerulopathy and two glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescence was positive for IgM and C3 in a finely granular pattern in all biopsies, for C1q in three, but for IgG in only two. Electron-dense deposits were found in all seven biopsies with predominantly subendothelial location. All but one patient had clinical signs of renal involvement, but only three had extrarenal symptoms and three had serological signs of active SLE. Upon increased immunosuppressive therapy, renal and serological signs improved but one graft was later lost due to recurrent SLE nephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effect of captopril treatment on allograft survival and induction of unresponsiveness in heart-transplanted, ATG-treated rats.

The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril has been suggested to have an immunomodulatory effect both in clinical and experimental studies. To further investigate this possible effect in organ transplantation, captopril was given to inbred rats before transplantation of an allogeneic heart. Captopril was found to prolong graft survival significantly compared to untreated controls. In rats treated with a tolerogenic dose of ATG, additional captopril administration tended to increase the proportion of rats with long-term functioning grafts, but this did not reach statistical significance. It is concluded that captopril displays an immunosuppressive effect that seems to be weak, since no augmentation of ATG-induced transplantation unresponsiveness was seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Omeprazole in elderly duodenal ulcer patients: relationship between reduction in gastric acid secretion and fasting plasma gastrin.

The effect of omeprazole on acid secretion and gastrin levels has been investigated in 10 elderly duodenal ulcer patients in remission. Doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg omeprazole were given once daily for 7 consecutive days and the basal (BAO) and peak (PAO) acid output and fasting plasma gastrin concentration were measured 24 h after the seventh dose. Omeprazole suppressed PAO significantly and dose-dependently after doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg, the suppression being 42%, 75% and 85%, respectively. No patient showed complete inhibition of PAO and at least 20 mg had to be given to obtain a marked inhibitory effect in all patients. Increasing the dose to 40 mg had only a slight additional effect compared to 20 mg. There was a relationship between degree of acid inhibition and the increase in fasting plasma gastrin. PAO had to be suppressed by more than 80% before a moderate increase in fasting plasma gastrin was observed. The optimal once-daily oral dose of omeprazole for inhibition of acid secretion in elderly patients appears to be 20 mg. Omeprazole 20-40 mg may cause a moderate increase in fasting plasma gastrin.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Outcome of pancreas transplantations in Göteborg, Sweden 1985-1990.

During 1985 to 1990, 67 segmental pancreas transplantations with bladder drainage were performed. Fifty were combined pancreas and kidney and 17 were pancreas after kidney transplants. All patients were transplanted with the same technique. The 1-year actuarial pancreas graft survival for the combined patients with quadruple immunosuppressive therapy was 83% and the patient survival, 95%. The most important complications were infections, leakage from the pancreatico cystostoma and vascular complications.

Adult↗