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Biomedical subjects

M Oliviero

Publications and source records attributed to M Oliviero.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dermoscopy of facial nonpigmented actinic keratosis.

BACKGROUND: The accuracy of clinical diagnosis of nonpigmented, facial actinic keratosis (AK) is often suboptimal, even for experienced clinicians. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the dermoscopic features of nonpigmented AK located on the head/neck that may assist the clinical diagnosis. METHODS: Forty-one nonpigmented AKs on facial sites were examined by dermoscopy for any consistent underlying features. Lesions were gathered from skin cancer centres in Australia, Austria, Italy and the U.S.A. All cases were diagnosed histopathologically. RESULTS: Four essential dermoscopic features were observed in facial AK: (i) erythema, revealing a marked pink-to-red 'pseudonetwork' surrounding the hair follicles (95%); (ii) white-to-yellow surface scale (85%); (iii) fine, linear-wavy vessels surrounding the hair follicles (81%); and (vi) hair follicle openings filled with yellowish keratotic plugs (66%) and/or surrounded by a white halo (100%). These features combined, in 95% of cases, to produce a peculiar 'strawberry' appearance. CONCLUSIONS: A dermoscopic model of 'strawberry' pattern is presented, which may prove helpful in the in vivo diagnosis of nonpigmented, facial AK. A limitation of this study is the lack of testing of the specificity of the described dermoscopic criteria in differentiating nonpigmented AKs from other nonpigmented skin lesions at this site.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Impairment of coronary circulation by acute hyperhomocysteinaemia and reversal by antioxidant vitamins.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of acute hyperhomocysteinaemia with and without antioxidant vitamins pretreatment on coronary circulation and circulating chemokine levels. DESIGN: Observer-blinded, randomized crossover study. SETTING: This study was conducted at a university hospital and at a general hospital in Italy. SUBJECTS: Sixteen healthy hospital staff volunteers (nine men, seven women), aged 26-40 years. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were given each three loads in random order at 1-week intervals: oral methionine, 100 mg kg(-1) in fruit juice; the same methionine load immediately following ingestion of antioxidant vitamin E, 800 IU, and ascorbic acid, 1000 mg; and methionine-free fruit juice (placebo). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), assessed by noninvasive transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, blood pressure, heart rate, lipid and glucose, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) parameters evaluated at baseline and 4 h following ingestion of the loads. RESULTS: The oral methionine load increased plasma homocysteine from 12.8 +/- 1.8 to 33.3 +/- 3.4 micromol L(-1) at 4 h (P < 0.001). A similar increase was observed with same load plus vitamins (P < 0.001) but not with placebo (P = 0.14). Circulating MCP-1 and IL-8 levels rose after the methionine load (P < 0.001), but not after placebo or methionine plus vitamins. The methionine load significantly reduced CFVR (decrease, 26 +/- 8.2%; P < 0.001). The methionine load with ingestion of vitamins partially prevented the impairment of CFVR (decrease, 11 +/- 4%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that acute hyperhomocysteinaemia reduces CFVR and increases plasma MCP-1 and IL-8 levels in healthy subjects. Pretreatment with antioxidant vitamin E and ascorbic acid prevents the effects of hyperhomocysteinaemia, suggesting an oxidative mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Dermatoscopy of pigmented lesions].

Dermoscopy is a simple to use in vivo method for the early diagnosis of malignant melanoma and the differential diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions. It has been shown to increase diagnostic accuracy over clinical visual inspection in the hands of an experienced physician. This paper is a review of the principles of Dermoscopy as well as recent technological developments.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Automatic differentiation of melanoma from melanocytic nevi with multispectral digital dermoscopy: a feasibility study.

BACKGROUND: Differentiation of melanoma from melanocytic nevi is difficult even for skin cancer specialists. This motivates interest in computer-assisted analysis of lesion images. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to offer fully automatic differentiation of melanoma from dysplastic and other melanocytic nevi through multispectral digital dermoscopy. METHOD: At 4 clinical centers, images were taken of pigmented lesions suspected of being melanoma before biopsy. Ten gray-level (MelaFind) images of each lesion were acquired, each in a different portion of the visible and near-infrared spectrum. The images of 63 melanomas (33 invasive, 30 in situ) and 183 melanocytic nevi (of which 111 were dysplastic) were processed automatically through a computer expert system to separate melanomas from nevi. The expert system used either a linear or a nonlinear classifier. The "gold standard" for training and testing these classifiers was concordant diagnosis by two dermatopathologists. RESULTS: On resubstitution, 100% sensitivity was achieved at 85% specificity with a 13-parameter linear classifier and 100%/73% with a 12-parameter nonlinear classifier. Under leave-one-out cross-validation, the linear classifier gave 100%/84% (sensitivity/specificity), whereas the nonlinear classifier gave 95%/68%. Infrared image features were significant, as were features based on wavelet analysis. CONCLUSION: Automatic differentiation of invasive and in situ melanomas from melanocytic nevi is feasible, through multispectral digital dermoscopy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

Precision of automatic measurements of pigmented skin lesion parameters with a MelaFind(TM) multispectral digital dermoscope.

The purpose of this study was to assess the precision of automatic computerized measurement of parameters that may be useful in the differentiation of malignant melanoma from benign pigmented skin lesions, and also to determine the feasibility of quantitative monitoring of skin lesions over time. Ten independent sequences of images were acquired with a MelaFind multispectral digital dermoscope for each of 12 benign or malignant pigmented skin lesions. The sequences of images were processed automatically to provide 10 independent measurements of the various parameters for each lesion. Parameters included lesion area, greatest 'diameter', perimeter, reflectance and asymmetry. The precision of each parameter determination was computed from the mean and standard deviation of the 10 measurements of that parameter. The relative errors in determining the lesion area, 'diameter' and perimeter were found to be 6%, 3% and 4%, respectively. Other lesion parameters that are used in differentiating melanomas from benign skin lesions were also analysed as a function of wavelength. In the blue band (about 430 nm) the relative error was about 7% for the mean lesion reflectance and about 7% for the asymmetry parameter. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using MelaFind for objective quantitative monitoring of changes in pigmented skin lesions over time. As suggested by some studies, such information is useful in the early detection of malignant melanoma. The results show that parameters obtained automatically from MelaFind images are sufficiently precise to allow pertinent parameters to be used to classify pigmented skin lesions.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2000

Melanoma in a psoriatic plaque.

This is the first reported case of a melanoma in a psoriatic plaque. The clinical, dermoscopic, and histologic features of this case are detailed. A review of the risk of melanoma among patients treated with psoralen-ultraviolet A is presented.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Spitz nevus: a case report.

The case of a 2-mm Spitz nevus is reported. We comment on the case and describe the skin-surface microscopy features.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A query system for the "SINTESI" database in scientific research and medical practice].

"SINTESI release 1.0" is an application for Windows that was designed to enable a practical approach to day-hospital evaluation and management of several metabolic and instrumental parameters. "SINTESI" provides electronic archives such as demographics, history, follow-up, laboratory, electrocardiogram, Doppler echocardiography, vascular echo-Doppler, Holter ECG, nuclear imaging, radiology, ergometric testing, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, hemodynamics. We have improved the first release (1.0) with a new application that queries the database ("SINTESI release 2.0"). The new query application, developed in collaboration with experts of the Italian Group for the Study of Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Diseases, was designed with the central file displaying buttons that recall electronic archives, allowing to select the variables for the query. At the end of each operation, the user always returns to the central file, where it builds the query formula by "AND/OR" logic operators. Query formula and results can be recorded to be used whenever needed. The results of the query can be exported as DBF or ASCII files for analysis with statistical packages. This feature allows the use of the data bank for medical research.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗