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Biomedical subjects

M Ooishi

Publications and source records attributed to M Ooishi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[A comparative study; one week treatment versus two weeks treatment with lansoprazol, amoxycillin and clarythromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patient with gastric and duodenal ulcer].

The combination therapy of lansoprazol (LPZ), amoxycillin (AMPC), and clarythromycin (CAM) (LAC regimen) is one of the most effective eradication regimen of Helicobacter pylori (HP) positive ulcer patients, but the optimal treatment period of this therapy is still pending. The aim of this study was to assess the optimal treatment period of this regimen. One hundred and six patients who diagnosed as HP positive gastric and duodenal ulcer since August 1996 were randomized to one-week treatment group (group 1) or to two-weeks treatment group (group 2): LPZ 30 mg once daily, AMPC 1500 mg twice daily, CAM 800 mg twice daily. Both group received four weeks LPZ treatment (30 mg once daily) following the each combination therapy. The eradication rate of HP was 82.1% (43/56) in group 1 and 85.7% (36/42) in group 2. There was no statistical significant difference between two groups (p = 0.636). Although both treatment regimen was very useful for eradicating HP in the HP positive ulcer patients, one week LAC regimen would be better choice judging from the cost benefit.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical evaluation of biapenem in various infectious diseases].

The clinical usefulness of injectable biapenem (BIPM) was examined for various infectious diseases in the fields of internal medicine, urology, surgery, orthopedics, obstetrics and gynecology, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, dermatology, oral surgery, and plastic surgery. BIPM was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 150, 300, or 600 mg twice a day. The concentrations in various body fluid and tissues were also examined. 1. In the total enrollment of 256 cases, the numbers subjected to the analyses for clinical efficacy, bacteriological efficacy, side effects and abnormal laboratory findings were 214, 170, 252 and 251 cases, respectively. 2. The clinical efficacy rate was 85.5% (183/214 cases) as a whole, being 2/2 for sepsis, 6/8 for cellulitis and lymphangitis, 76.2% (16/21) for traumatic, operative wound and burn infections, 4/6 for osteomyelitis and arthritis, 92.9% (13/14) for peritonsillar abscess and peritonsillitis, 83.3% (15/18) for chronic lower respiratory tract infection, 7/7 for pneumonia, 83.3% (30/36) for complicated urinary tract infection, 100% (14/14) for cholecystitis and cholangitis, 88.2% (15/17) for peritonitis, 86.5% (32/37) for internal genital infection, 8/9 for pelvic peritonitis, 2/4 for corneal ulcer, orbital infection and panophthalmitis, 1/2 for otitis media, 4/4 for sinustitis, 93.3% (14/15) for osteitis of jaw and cellulitis of mouth floor. The efficacy rate in the poor responders to the pretreatment by other antibiotics was 86.4% (70/81). 3. 300 strains of causative organisms were isolated from 170 cases which contained polymicrobial infections. The elimination rate of causative organisms was 85.3% (256/300 strains), in terms of bacteriological efficacy. 4. Side effects were noted in 11 of 252 cases (4.4%) with 11 events. The signs and symptoms were the skin symptoms (5 cases), gastro-intestinal symptoms (3 cases), interstitial pneumonia (2 cases), and feeling bad (1 case), all of which disappeared during treatment or after the discontinuation of treatment. The abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 31 of 251 cases (12.4%) with 50 events, and major ones were an increase in eosinophils, and elevations of AST, ALT, gamma-GTP and Al-p. 5. The concentrations of BIPM in body fluid and tissues were determined in 46 cases (212 samples) most of which were administered 300 mg of BIPM by intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes. The concentrations in the sputum within 6 hours after administration were 0.1-2.5 micrograms/g. The maximum concentrations in body fluid and tissues were 0.2-1.8 micrograms/g or ml in the bile, middle ear mucosa, tonsillar tissue, aqueous humor and bone tissues and were 2.0-5.7 micrograms/g or ml in the gallbladder, maxillary sinus mucous membrane, ethmoidal sinus mucous membrane, oral tissues, skin, woman genitals, synovia, joint tissue, and the eschar. The concentrations in the uterine arterial plasma and retroperitoneal fluid were almost similar to those in the cubitl vein plasma. From the above-mentioned results of clinical efficacy, bacteriological efficacy, and safety, injectable BIPM was confirmed to be useful in the treatment of moderate, severe and/or refractory infections in various fields.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Antibiotic sensitivity of recent clinical isolates from patients with ocular infections.

We examined the status of bacterial infection and drug sensitivity in patients who consulted the Ocular Infection Clinic of Niigata University between 1992 and 1995. Overall, 850 strains were detected. Gram-positive cocci were the most frequent (380 strains, 44.7%). We detected 63 strains of gram-negative bacilli (7.4%), 207 strains of anaerobic bacteria (24.4%) and 18 strains of fungi (2.1%). Among gram-positive cocci, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most prevalent (52.6%). Of gram-negative bacilli, glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative rods (GNF-GNR) were the most prevalent (27.0%). The detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 27.0% (20/74 strains). The detection rate of methicillin-resistant CNS was 6.8% (19/147 strains). Concerning drug sensitivity, most of the 54 strains of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus showed low sensitivity to penicillin G (PCG), ampicillin (ABPC) and erythromycin (EM). Most strains of MRSA showed low sensitivity to PCG, ABPC, cefazolin, flomoxef, imipenem (IPM), ofloxacin (OFLX), EM and clindamycin (CLDM), but high sensitivity to netilmicin, arbekacin (ABK), minocycline (MINO) and vancomycin. The drug sensitivity of CNS was similar to that of S. aureus. Of 27 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 4 (14.8%) were resistant to PCG. Five strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high sensitivity to piperacillin, ceftazidime, IPM, tobramycin, ABK and OFLX. Most strains of other GNF-GNR showed high sensitivity to IPM, MINO and OFLX. Most strains of anaerobic bacteria showed high sensitivity to IPM, MINO and CLDM.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

[A case report of Mycobacterium chelonei keratitis].

We treated a patient with keratitis caused by Mycobacterium chelonei (M. chelonei). The patient was a 74-year-old man who had been successfully treated for stromal type herpetic keratitis with topical steroids. The corneal lesions appeared chalky white with indistinct margins and had radial projections in deep level stroma. M. chelonei was found in second corneal scrapings. Topical tobramycin that had sensitivity resolved the keratitis rapidly. M. chelonei keratitis has been reported in only 25 cases so far and this case is the first report in Japan. M. chelonei keratitis occurred mostly in eyes which had been subjected to trauma, surgery, and the use of topical steroids. If these characteristic corneal findings appear in such predisposed eyes, M. chelonei keratitis should be considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacokinetics of balofloxacin in the intraocular tissues of pigmented rabbits].

We performed the pharmacokinetics of balofloxacin in plasma and intraocular tissues in pigmented rabbits upon its oral administration. The penetrations of balofloxacin into plasma and aqueous humor of the anterior chamber reached their peaks of 6.46 micrograms/ml and 0.70 microgram/ml, respectively, and the ratio of drug concentration in aqueous humor to that of plasma was 0.12 at 1 hour after an oral administration of 20 mg/kg. Concentrations in plasma and aqueous humor of the anterior chamber reached 0.27 microgram/ml and 0.18 microgram/ml, respectively, at The T 1/2 (alpha) and T 1/2 (beta) of the drug in aqueous humor were longer than those in plasma The T 1/2 (alpha) and T 1/2 (beta) of the drug in aqueous humor were longer than those in plasma at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The concentrations in iris and ciliary body were much higher than in any other intraocular tissue in 24 hours after single administration of 20 mg/kg, and those concentrations remained at high levels for a long time.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Bacterial endophthalmitis].

Bacterial endophthalmitis is generally considered to be the most severe and vision-threatening form of ocular infection. It may follow ocular surgery, trauma or microbial keratitis, -exogenous endophthalmitis-, or derived from a blood borne organism-endogenous endophthalmitis. The most common organisms causing exogenous endophthalmitis were gram positive bacteria, including Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcal species. On the other hand, endogenous cases were mainly due to gram negative bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial agents should be chosen based on the usual sensitivity of known or suspected pathogens. Aminoglycosides are almost universally used, combined with cephems and fluoroquinolone topically, subconjunctivally, parenterally and intravitreally. Vancomycin is applied in MRSA infection. In severe cases, vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotics, corticosteroid are performed most effectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Intraocular penetration of current antibiotics].

We studied the intraocular penetration of 42 antibiotics in white rabbit eyes between 1980 to 1990 in our department. The parenteral route (intravenous, intramuscular): the ratios of maximum aqueous humor to serum level were 5.28-11.6% in penicillins (PCs), 5.95-20.17% in cephems and 13.4-30.27% in aminoglycosides (AGs). The aqueous concentration of antibiotics reached a peak within 1/4-1 hour after injection. Oral administration: the ratios of aqueous to serum level were 8.52-20.6% in PCs, 3.62-20.11% in cephems, 22.8-75.8% in macrolides (MLs) and 6.38-23.6% in quinolones. The aqueous concentration of antibiotics reached a peak within 1-4 hours after oral administration. The ratio of aqueous to serum level was the highest in MLs. The aqueous level reached a peak faster and the ratio of aqueous to serum level was higher by injection than by oral administration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[MRSA ocular infections].

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are organisms that frequently cause conjunctivitis, keratitis and endophthalmitis. MRSA comprised about 25% of the S. aureus isolated from ocular infections; most were from compromised host. MRSA was resistant to penicillins, cephems and macrolides but was sensitive to amikacin, netilmicin, minocycline and ofloxacin. Ofloxacin-resistant strains, however increased rapidly. Topical vancomycin, arbekacin and minocycline were used when commercially available antibiotics were inadequate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Intraocular penetration of DR-3355, a new quinolone derivative].

We studied the intraocular penetration of DR-3355, a new quinolone derivative in white mature rabbits. DR-3355 concentration in the aqueous humor reached the maximum, 1.06 micrograms/ml, at 2 hours after oral administration of 20 mg/kg in single dose. Six hours after it was 0.37 micrograms/ml. At 2 hours, the concentration ratio in the aqueous humor and serum was 23.3%. The pharmacokinetic parameters of DR-3355 levels in both of the aqueous humor and serum were: Cmax, 1.02 micrograms/ml and 4.56 micrograms/ml; Tmax, 1.42 hours and 1.47 hours; T 1/2, 0.96 hours and 1.57 hours; and AUC, 3.91 micrograms.hr/ml and 19.70 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively. At 2 hours after oral administration, the ocular tissue concentrations were 3.84-16.10 micrograms/g in the outer parts of the eye, and 0.70-13.52 micrograms/g or ml in the inner parts of the eye. Those concentrations decreased to about 1/2 to 1/32 in the outer parts, and 1/2 to 1/7 in the inner parts of the eye at 6 hours. Those ocular tissue concentrations of DR-3355 exceeded the MIC90 of the compound against various bacteria of ocular pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Microbiological and pharmacokinetic studies on flomoxef in ophthalmologic field].

Microbiological and pharmacokinetic studies were carried out on flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new oxacephem parenteral antibiotic, in the ophthalmologic field. The results obtained are summarized as follows. FMOX has a broad antimicrobial activity spectrum against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC distribution against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical cases was less than or equal to 0.20 - greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml with the peak value of 0.39 micrograms/ml. Concentrations of FMOX in aqueous humor and ocular tissues were determined after intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg to rabbits. FMOX showed a peak level of 2.2 micrograms/ml in the aqueous humor at 1/2 hour after administration with the ratio to serum level of 3.4%. Levels of FMOX in external and internal ocular tissues were 12.7 - 76.5 micrograms/g, less than 0.8 - 34.4 micrograms/g (ml) at 1/2 hour after administration, respectively. From these results, we concluded that FMOX may be expected to be a useful and valuable agent against infections in the ophthalmologic field.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical evaluation of sultamicillin fine granules in the treatment of meibomianitis].

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and the safety of sultamicillin (SBTPC) fine granules in the treatment of patients with meibomianitis. A dose of 375 mg SBTPC granules was orally given to 10 patients with meibomianitis after each meal, three times a day. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Efficacies were rated as good in 7 cases, fair in 2 and poor in 1 with an efficacy ratio of 70.0%. No side effects were observed throughout the study. The organisms isolated were Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Streptococcus sanguis, and Gram-negative bacteria such as Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. denitrificans, Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans, Xanthomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter lwoffii. A bacteriological study showed lower MICs of SBTPC than those of ampicillin (ABPC), suggesting that SBTPC has more potent antibacterial activity than ABPC. Such bacteriological activity of SBTPC was well reflected in its clinical efficacy; the drug was effective in patients with infections caused by organisms moderately or highly resistant to ABPC or cefaclor.

Administration, Oral↗