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Biomedical subjects

M P Dinneen

Publications and source records attributed to M P Dinneen.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Factors associated with depression on a hospital ship deployed during the Persian Gulf War.

Investigators surveyed health care providers (N = 250) deployed to the Persian Gulf on the USNS Comfort hospital ship days before the beginning of the Persian Gulf War in 1990. In this article, we identify factors associated with the development of depression during deployment. Age, gender, negative life events, stress from trauma-related work demands, and occupational experience with the dying and the dead were significant predictors of depression. Military training, although not associated with the experience of depression, was negatively correlated with concern about injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Measurement of depression in a military sample.

Using the responses of 250 Navy health care providers, we considered the sensitivity and specificity of the SCL-90-R Depression subscale and the Global Severity Index in predicting mild, moderate, and severe depression in a deployed military sample. Using the 90th percentile norms to identify caseness for both measures, each performs with 100% certainty in ascertaining severe depression and with less certainty in pinpointing a nonevent (specificity). Results are further considered by sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Stress and coping in male and female health care providers during the Persian Gulf War: the USNS Comfort hospital ship.

The development of the USNS Comfort hospital ship during the Persian Gulf War provided an opportunity to examine the relationship of gender to stress and coping in health care providers exposed to wartime stressors. Just before the outbreak of Operation Desert Storm, medical personnel (N = 250) rated the stressfulness of current wartime experiences and the helpfulness of stress-reducing resources onboard ship in a combat theater. The responses of men and women were compared; to identify the dimensions of these responses, a principal factor analysis (orthogonal rotation) was performed. Generally, men and women ranked stressors and stress reducers similarly; women scored higher on the stress ratings. Two factors, similar for men and women, were identified in the stress ratings: fear of injury and trauma-related work demands. The dimensions of the stress reducers, however, were different for men and women. The findings support retrospective studies and suggest that different mechanisms of stress reduction may be operative even though men and women are performing the same activity.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Life events in health care providers before and during Persian Gulf War deployment: the USNS Comfort.

Just before the onset of Operation Desert Storm, health care personnel (N = 250) onboard the USNS Comfort reported the occurrence of life events for the preceding year, including before deployment and during the Persian Gulf War. Study participants noted both total and negative life events. The mean number of negative life events during the preceding year was 1.44; a sizable proportion of participants (38%) reported no negative life events during this time. There were no differences in the mean number of total or negative life events by gender, although women checked significantly more life event items related to interpersonal factors and men noted more life events concerning financial issues. Women, nurses, the childless, and lower ranking officers noted significantly greater negative life events during predeployment than deployment. Negative life events were moderately related to anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Both research and policy implications are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Localization of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase on cultured Schwann cells.

Primary cultures of Schwann cells were labeled by indirect immunofluorescence using an antibody directed against 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase). Schwann cells which had been maintained in culture for 8 weeks were labeled with this antibody. Immunoblot analysis of Schwann cell homogenates revealed a single band with a molecular weight of 54,000 daltons which corresponded to a single immunoreactive polypeptide present in myelin prepared from rat sciatic nerve. The subcellular localization of CNPase was examined by fractionation of cultured Schwann cell homogenates with linear sucrose gradients. The distribution of CNPase paralleled that of 5'-nucleotidase, a putative marker for plasma membranes. These results suggest that CNPase is localized on the plasma membranes of Schwann cells and is expressed by the cells in the absence of an axonal stimulus.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗
PubMed1984

Differential proliferative responses of cultured Schwann cells to axolemma- and myelin-enriched fractions. I. Biochemical studies.

Cultured rat Schwann cells were treated for 72 h with axolemma- and myelin-enriched fractions prepared from rat brainstem. [3H]Thymidine was added to the cultures 48 h before the termination of the experiment. Although, both fractions produced a dose-dependent uptake of label into Schwann cells, the shape of the dose response curves and rates at which [3H]thymidine was incorporated were different. The axolemma-enriched fraction produced a sigmoid dose response curve with a Hill coefficient of 2.05. The dose response curve for myelin rose sharply and saturated at a level that was approximately 50% of the maximal response observed with axolemma. Schwann cells that had been treated with axolemma exhibited little change in the rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation from 36-72 h after the addition of the membranes. In contrast, Schwann cells accumulated label three times faster during the 48-72-h period following the addition of myelin to the cultures when compared with the rate during the preceding 12-h interval. Furthermore, the mitogenic activity of the myelin-enriched fraction was decreased by the addition of ammonium chloride, a lysosomal inhibitor, whereas the activity of the axolemmal fraction was not impaired.

Animals↗