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Biomedical subjects

M P Hutt

Publications and source records attributed to M P Hutt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pulmonary capillaritis. The association with progressive irreversible airflow limitation and hyperinflation.

We report two patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis (microscopic polyarteritis) and associated recurrent pulmonary capillaritis, in whom progressive irreversible airway dysfunction began approximately 10 yr after disease onset. Their course was characterized by repeated episodes of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, glomerulonephritis, palpable purpura, and splinter hemorrhages. The lung revealed intraalveolar hemorrhage, neutrophilic infiltration and cellular fragmentation, fibrinoid necrosis of the alveolar interstitium, and parenchymal hemosiderin deposits. No medium-sized vessel involvement, granulomatous inflammation, or bronchiolar obliteration were seen. Renal biopsies revealed focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis, and a cutaneous biopsy in one case showed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Immunofluorescent studies of lung and kidney showed minimal or no immunoreactivity. The clinical course and serologic tests did not support another systemic vasculitis, connective tissue disease, or antiglomerular basement membrane antibody disease. The acute episodes responded to antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms, serial pulmonary function tests, and chest imaging documented the development of a progressive irreversible obstructive airway disease. No other predisposing factors were identified. These cases demonstrate the unexpected appearance of an irreversible obstructive airway disease with lung parenchymal hyperinflation after systemic necrotizing vasculitis associated with recurrent pulmonary capillaritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Quinolone antibacterials: preparation and activity of bridged bicyclic analogues of the C7-piperazine.

A series of quinolone and naphthyridine antibacterial agents possessing as the C7-heterocycle bicyclic 2,5-diazabicyclo[n.2.m]alkanes, where n = 2, 3 and m = 1, 2, and a series including 4-aminopiperidine and 3-amino-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes have been prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. These compounds were also tested against the target enzyme bacterial DNA gyrase. All the examples investigated are nearly equipotent with the parent 7-piperazinyl analogues. Only endo-7-(3-amino-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro- 1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid displays activity that surpasses that of the piperazine parent.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1988

Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 8-substituted quinoline-3-carboxylic acids and 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.

A series of 7,8-disubstituted 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxylic acids, 7-substituted 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, and 10-substituted 9-fluoropyridobenzoxazine-6-carboxylic acids has been prepared and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The side chains examined at the 7-position (benzoxazine 10-position) included piperazinyl (g), 3-aminopyrrolidinyl (a), 3-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidinyl (b), and alkylated 3-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidinyl (c-f). Variations at C-8 of the quinolone ring system included hydrogen, nitro, amino, fluorine, and chlorine. The relative enhancement of in vitro activities by the side chains on the 8-hydrogen quinolone and 1,8-naphthyridine against Gram-negative organisms was a greater than b greater than g greater than c-f. The activity imparted to the substituted quinolone nucleus by the 8-substituent was in the order F greater than Cl greater than naphthyridine greater than H greater than benzoxazine greater than NH2 greater than NO2. These trends were retained in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

1-Substituted 7-[3-[(ethylamino)methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-6,8- difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids. New quantitative structure-activity relationships at N1 for the quinolone antibacterials.

A series of 18 1-substituted 7-[3-[(ethylamino)methyl]-1- pyrrolidinyl]-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline- carboxylic acids (N1 analogues of CI-934) were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity and DNA-gyrase inhibition. Correlations between the inhibition of DNA gyrase and antibacterial potency were established. A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) was derived by using the antibacterial potency for each of 11 strains of bacteria and the Gram-negative mean. The equations indicated that antibacterial potency was strongly dependent on STERIMOL length and width and the level of unsaturation of the N1 substituent. Some strains also showed a dependence on the presence of heteroatoms (O, N, S) in the N1 group. No significant correlations between gyrase inhibition and combinations of these parameters were found. These QSAR results are discussed in conjunction with the conformational analyses from molecular modeling studies. The substituent that most enhanced the activity of the quinolone in all regards was the cyclopropyl group. This analogue, 1-cyclopropyl-7-[3-[(ethylamino)-methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-6, 8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (PD 117558), demonstrated outstanding broad spectrum activity both in vitro and in vivo when compared to relevant standards.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

5-Amino-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (PD 124,816). Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new class of quinolone antibacterials.

A series of 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3- quinolinecarboxylic acids with piperazinyl or pyrrolidinyl side-chains appended at C7 were prepared to test the effect of the 5-amino group on the biological and physicochemical properties of these quinolones. The target compounds were synthesized from 2-nitro-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoic acid and were tested against a variety of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, using standard microtitration techniques. The results are compared to reference quinolones such as ciprofloxacin. The 5-amino derivatives were significantly more potent (2-16 times) than their non-amino analogues. Alkylation or acylation of the 5-amino group reduced potency dramatically. The 5-amino group was neither basic nor nucleophilic. 5-Amino-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl- 6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (PD 124,816) was selected as the best compound in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chronic recurrent Goodpasture's syndrome.

A distinctive case of Goodpasture's syndrome characterized by multiple recurrences occurring over 14 years was observed. Each recurrence followed cessation of prednisone and azathioprine therapy, and reinstitution of this therapy resulted in prompt remission. Initially, both glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis were prominent clinical features. In recent years, hemoptysis has been the predominant clinical problem. This and other cases suggest that Goodpasture's syndrome may comprise a wider disease spectrum than generally appreciated.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Antimalarial activity of 2-(substituted amino)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazines and N-(chlorophenyl)-N'-[4-(substituted amino)-6-(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]guanidines.

A series of 2-[[(dialkylamino)alkyl]amino]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazines (III) and N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-[4-[[(dialkylamino)alkyl]amino]-6- (trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]guanidines (IV) were prepared from 2,4,6-tris(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 2-chloro-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine. Compounds of type III showed modest antimalarial activity while XIa with the camoquin side chain was more potent. Analogues of type IV broadly exhibited modest antimalarial activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

New structure-activity relationships of the quinolone antibacterials using the target enzyme. The development and application of a DNA gyrase assay.

A series of 60 newly synthesized and known quinolone antibacterials, including quinoline- and 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acids, and some monocyclic 4-pyridone-3-carboxylic acids, were tested and compared in a newly established, easy to perform, DNA gyrase assay. The results were correlated with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against a variety of organisms. Among the known quinolones were 14 clinically significant drugs (oxolinic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, etc.) which were used as standards and compared side-by-side. The study focused on the changes in DNA gyrase inhibition brought about by certain features of the molecules, namely, the C6-fluorine or the nature of the C7 substituent. The intrinsic gyrase inhibition of the fused parent rings, quinoline vs. naphthyridine vs. pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, was also explored. In all cases, loss of enzyme inhibition produced poor MICs, but some compounds with good DNA gyrase inhibition did not correspondingly inhibit bacterial growth. Possible explanations for this phenomena and the benefits of a DNA gyrase-MIC strategy for developing future structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Folate antagonists. 22. Antimalarial and antibacterial effects of 2,4-diamino-6-quinazolinesulfonamides.

The synthesis and antimalarial activity of a series of 2,4-diamino-6-quinazolinesulfonamides (III) is described. Chlorosulfonation of 2,4-quinazolinediamine affords the 6-sulfonyl chloride, which upon treatment with the appropriate amine produces the desired products. Alternatively the sulfonyl chloride could be introduced by diazotization of the corresponding amine followed by treatment with SO2 in the presence of CuCl2. Although substantial antimalarial activity was demonstrated for several members of this class, studies were discontinued in light of the potency of related series.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Semisynthetic penicillins. A structure - activity study of a new series of acyl amino acid - pyridone and pyrimidone amoxicillin analogs.

The synthesis and biological activities of a series of 12 new semisynthetic penicillins is described. These compounds consisted of acylated amino acid analogs of 6-substituted-1,2-dihydro-2-oxonicotinic acid and 2-substituted-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid attached to amoxicillin. The effect of the amino acid substituent, chirality of amino acid and acyl function on biological properties is discussed.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1980

Synthesis and biological activity of a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, CN-92,982.

A new broad spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin (CN-92,982) was prepared from the condensation of an acetylaminoacylaminophenyl pyridone with trans-7-[(D-2-phenylglycyl) amino]-3-[[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]methyl]-delta 3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid. The new cephalosporin displayed an in vitro antibacterial spectrum similar to other cephaloglycine types such as cefoperazone and SM-1652. The compound produced a high and prolonged blood level following a single intramuscular dose in a dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis and biological activity of peptide antagonists of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone).

A series of des-His2 octa- and nonapeptide analogues of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) with modifications in the 1 and 6 positions, and in some instances the 10 position, has been prepared. Some of these analogues are potent inhibitors of luliberin in vitro and in vivo. The use of ultraviolet absorption measurements for evaluating peptides containing tyrosine and tryptophan is described. An efficient synthesis of O-methyl-d-tyrosine is reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Folate antagonists. 15. 2,3-Diamino-6-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)quinazoline and related 2,4-diamino-6-[(phenyl and naphthyl)sulfinyl and sulfonyl]quinazolines, a potent new class of antimetabolites with phenomenal antimalarial activity.

Oxidation of an array of 2,4-diamino-6-(arylthio)quinazolines provided the corresponding arylsulfinyl and arylsulfonyl analogues. A variety of these nonclassical analogues of methotrexate exhibited suppressive antimalarial activity superior to that of the parent thioquinazolines against drug-sensitive lines of Plasmodium berghei in mice and P. gallinaceum in chicks, and several displayed potent prophylactic activity against P. gallinaceum. The sulfinyl- and sulfonylquinazolines also retained antimalarial effects against chloroquine-, cycloguanil-, and DDS-resistant lines of P. berghei in mice and against chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant strains of P. falciparum in owl monkeys. Coadministration of one of the most active of these compounds, 2,4-diamino-6-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)-quinazoline (35), with sulfadiazine to monkeys infected with P. falciparum of P. vivax led to greatly enhanced activity and prevented the development of quinazoline resistance.

Animals↗