PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Pakszys

Publications and source records attributed to M Pakszys.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Idiopathic absence epilepsy].

UNLABELLED: The International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes distinguishes four types of idiopathic generalized epilepsies with typical absences: childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and epilepsy with generalized grand mal on awakening (EGMA). It is essential in any case when sizures occur to classify the type of epileptic syndrome in order to make prognosis and to choose correct treatment. But it is not always possible to establish diagnosis at the beginning of the disease. Often prolonged observation of the patient and evolution of clinical and EEG features lead to define the epileptic syndrome. The aim of the work was to define the type and frequency of epileptic syndromes and their long-term observation in patients with absences occurred as the first (or the only) type of seizures. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 31 patients who experienced absences as the first (or the only) type of seizures were selected from the group of 600 subjects suffered from epilepsy admitted to the Neuropediatric Department of the National Research Institute of Mother and Child between 1987 and 1998. Epileptic Syndromes were classified according to the International Classification. RESULTS: There were 31 (5.2%) patients (18 girls and 13 boys) with absences accurred as the first (or the only) type of seizures. The age of the onset of seizures was between 2.5 to 13.5 years (mean 9.3). Seven of them had also tonic-clonic seizures in the course of the observation. They were followed-up for 3 to 9 years (mean 9.2) till the age of 7 to 25 years (mean 18.5). Two epileptic syndromes were established according to the International Classification:--childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) in 27 (4.5%) patients;--juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) in 4 (0.7%) patients. No one patient showed evolution of disease towards neither juvenile myoclonic epilepsy nor epilepsy with generalized grand mal on awakening during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: 5.2% of all subjects were patients with idiopathic epilepsies who experienced absences as a first (or the only) type of seizures when absences occur one should consider first of all childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile absence epilepsy. Recognition of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and epilepsy with generalized grand mal on awakening is less probable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Progress in tests for cavum septi pellucidi in children and adults].

Persistent cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is a congenital anomaly of the midline, regarded as a marker of cerebral dysgenesis. It is more commonly encountered in patients with disturbances of intellectual development. Experimental data point to the role of CSP in memory and learning-related processes, and also to its association with disturbances of bioelectric activity of the brain. Various authors emphasize its occurrence in schizophrenia, various motor syndromes and some selective developmental deficits. Of a great significance in the better understanding of CSP will be the assessment of the bilateral brain bioelectric activity in children, as well as neuropsychological evaluation of the very patients at subsequent developmental stages. This will allow for a detailed assessment of their quality of life and neurodevelopmental problems, as well as for an early introduction of thus identified therapeutic management.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Positive effect of falbamate therapy in a boy with refractory epilepsy].

One of the most important achievement of contemporary epileptology has been a concept of epileptic syndromes. According to the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy there are many epileptic syndromes which differ from each other not only by prognosis but also by reaction to pharmacotherapy. Nevertheless the differentation between the some of epileptic syndromes may be difficult in spite of quite precise clinical and electrophysiological criteria. Good example of this problem may be the course of disease of the boy who is now eleven years old. His refractory epilepsy which started 7 years ago shares symptoms and signs of both epilepsy with myoclonic-astatic seizures (Doose Syndrome) and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. Felbamate therapy was consider to be the turning-point in both therapeutic and diagnostic meaning.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed2000

[Preliminary assessment of felbamate effect on the cerebral bioelectrical activity in children with refractory epilepsy].

Influence Felbamate on the cerebral bioelectric activity (EEG) in the group of 31 children (18 with syndrome Lennox-Gastaut, 13 with partial epilepsy) with refractory epilepsy was investigated. In the waking EEG was visually analysed: 1. Abnormalities distribution and morphology with special consideration of slow waves, sharp elements and paroxysmal character of discharges. 2. Influence of Felbamate on the duration time of discharges. 3. Range dominant frequency and length of segments (with non-disturbed topographic differentiation) of background activity EEG. During therapy the results showed more often EEG improvement among children with syndrome Lennox-Gastaut (near 70%) than in children with partial refractory epilepsy (near 30%). The EEG results correlated positively with the clinical improvement. In the both group of epilepsy background activity improvement had a statistical significance. In sleep EEG any influence of Felbamate on the sleep spindles was observed. No observation about increase beta activity in waking and sleep EEG records was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical-bioelectric correlation of spastic seizures in children--prospective study].

Serial electroencephalographic (EEG) records were registered in 63 children (38 boys and 25 girls) at the age between 1 month to 7 years in 1981-1987. Examinations were done while awake and during spontaneous sleep. Evaluation was performed in relation to the age and physiological status during examination. Three hundred ninety two EEGs recorded. The following types were found in the initial EEG records in 63 children: 1-normal, 29-hypo-arrythmic, 16 with generalized paroxysmal abnormalities, 12 with localized abnormalities, and 4 with generalized abnormalities. Table 1--illustrates types of the disorders in initial EEG records. Table 2--evolution of the disorders. Table 3--evolution of the disorders in EEG records in relation to the clinical data. Evaluated data concerning types of EEG records, their evolution during observation, as well as their correlation with some clinical data showed: the most significant relation between types of the initial EEG records and clinical data--occurrence of other types of seizures before infantile spasms, abnormal neurological status and delayed psychomotor development--in relation to hypo-arrythmic records was found. The most significant tendency towards normalization of the initial EEG records was found in relation to generalized paroxysmal abnormalities whereas the least significant tendency was found in relation to initial EEG records with localized abnormalities, and less significant with hypo-arrythmic, normalization of EEG records is most significantly related to: disappearance of infantile spasms and occurrence of this type of seizures as the only spasms, less frequent neurological abnormalities and also delayed psychomotor development.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Computerized tomography of the head in patients with epilepsy].

A detection of structural changes in the brain of epileptic patients is of importance to the choice of therapeutical management. Incidence and character of lesions in CT-scans of the skull were analysed in the random group of epileptic patients. Normal areas in CT-scans were prevailing in young patients. Atrophic lesions to the brain increased with the patients' age and duration of the disease. Normal results were obtained in post-traumatic epilepsy and that of unknown etiology similarly to atrophic lesions whereas localized lesions were found in all patients with cerebral tumors. Partial epilepsy, especially of short duration, was characterized by high incidence of localized lesions. Normal EEG records were rare in patients with localized lesions detected with CT-scans whereas normal CT-scans may be related to abnormal EEG record. Presence of the localized lesions in some patients and atrophic areas did not limit clinical results of monitored therapy. CT-scanning of the skull should be performed in case of all patients with epilepsy even if there are no significant changes in EEG records or clinical status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Electrophysiological studies on the adaptation of eutrophic mature newborn infants during sleep in the first week of life].

The aim of the study was: elaboration of behaviour characteristics of eutrophic healthy newborns during adaptation (first 5 days) by determination of sleep states and interrelation of particular sleep states as well as characteristics of respiratory function in active and quiet sleep. Material comprised 50 eutrophic healthy newborns born at term between 38-41 weeks of conceptional age with body weight 2800-4300 g. 33 newborns were born by spontaneous delivery (SpD) and 17 by primary cesarean section (CS). Normal state of all clinically investigated newborns immediately after delivery and in the newborns period was noted. According to the aim of study polygraphic sleep records were performed in all newborns and they included EEG, chin electromyogram, respiratory and cardiac rates, eye movements and body movements. Recordings time was 2-3 hours. All records were taken during day sleep between 2 feedings (at 9 and 12). From all polygraphic investigations 75 records were selected for detailed analysis. Among them there was 50 records of newborns delivered by SpD and 25 records of newborns delivered by CS. In each consecutive 5 days of life there were analysed 10 records of SpD and 5 of CS. These records were the subject of investigation of behavioural patterns of newborn including sleep and respiratory function in sleep in the first 5 consecutive days of life. Each sleep state (active, quiet and indeterminate) was classified using 4 electropolygraphic parameters (EEG, respiration, eye and body movements). Characteristics of behavioural newborn pattern were determined in consecutive 5 days of life considering the kind of delivery and using quantitative and qualitative analysis of obtained data. Qualitative analysis concerned the occurrence of particular sleep states and the type of the first sleep state beginning the sleep. Quantitative analysis comprised: time duration of wakefulness, time duration of each sleep state--expressed by total time duration of each sleep state and by longest time duration of each sleep state, calculated during 100 minutes of sleep. These values were determined by quantitative analysis of individual records as well as by medium values received from all records in every day of life. Characteristics of respiratory function were analysed analogically in the same 5 days of life with regard to the kind of delivery, independently of active and quiet sleep state.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1979

[Characteristics of sleep EEG abnormalities in children with phenylketonuria during the first year of life].

350 sleep EEG recordings in PKU children in the first year of life were analysed in order to characterize the abnormal features. Recordings were taken from serial studies carried out during the last 8 years on early and late treated children. Only quiet sleep was evaluated due to its longer duration after the second month of life and its important developmental characteristics. The criteria of abnormality were the following: lack of bioelectric features of sleep, abnormal " trac é alternant ", and other criteria of defined range, character and morphology. The number of abnormal records was referred to the three periods of the first year of life: first and second trimester, and the second semester of the first year of life, and also to treatment. EEGs before treatment were considered as records of untreated children. Table 1 compares the number of normal and abnormal records according to age and treatment. Table 2 illustrates the character and the range of abnormalities with reference to age and treatment. Tables 3, 4, 5, give the characteristics of morphological features of abnormal records. Our previous papers describe EEGs of PKU children of different age during waking and sleeping, while the present study is the evaluation of EEGs in children of the same age recorded in sleep only. The choice of these criteria is justified by the greatest variability of EEG records in relation to developmental factors and activating role of sleep. Among all EEGs, 60% were recorded during treatment. The biggest number of EEGs recorded in untreated children was obtained in the first three months of life and became gradually less. About 70% of the records were normal. No difference was noted between the number of normal and abnormal EEG records in different periods of the first year of life. The number of normal records was considerably higher in treated children than the number of abnormal records in untreated ones. This relationship was not noted in the first three months of life. In the first half year of life, generalized abnormalities as well as abnormal " trac é alternant " predominated and localized abnormalities were exceptional. On the other hand, in the second half year of life nearly half of the abnormalities were as follows: general paroxysmal abnormalities not observed in the first half year of life, considerably higher amount of abnormalities localized only in the temporal region, less generalized non-paroxysmal abnormalities, and lack of bioelectrical features of sleep.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mild partial infantile epilepsy with spike-wave discharges in central and temporal regions].

Mild infantile epilepsy with spike-wave discharges in central and temporal regions was distinguished in the fiftieth and the sixtieth. Its clinical course and electroencephalographic features are very characteristic. Data from the studies carried out since 1978 have showed that this type of epilepsy is rarely properly diagnosed. Therefore, clinical and electroencephalographic analysis of the mild infantile epilepsy with spike-wave discharges in central and temporal regions is discussed, basing on own experience and survey of literature. A problem of therapy is also discussed.

Electroencephalography↗