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Biomedical subjects

M Pamilo

Publications and source records attributed to M Pamilo.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Evaluation of liver steatotic and fibrous content by computerized tomography and ultrasound.

Twenty-four patients with steatotic liver underwent computerized tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) examinations and liver biopsy, performed within a maximum interval of 6 weeks. The CT and US findings were compared with the fat and fibrous content of the biopsy specimens. A good linear inverse correlation between the CT findings and fat content was found. The ranges of CT values were 39-60 HU (mean, 52 HU) for mild fat content (less than or equal to 9.9%), 4-46 HU (mean, 27 HU) for moderate fat content (10.0-24.9%), and -6 to 19 HU (mean, 10 HU) for severe fat content (greater than or equal to 25.0%). With US it was possible to estimate roughly the fat and fibrous content of the liver. There was always the 'bright liver' finding in patients with 10.0% or more fat content, but it was impossible to estimate the content of fat more accurately. 'Bright liver' was also found in most patients with mildly and in all patients with severely increased fibrous content. It was impossible to differentiate the latter from each other or from the 'bright liver' caused by fatty degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Real-time ultrasonography as the primary imaging method in suspect renal pathology of adults.

In the material of 253 successive patients real-time ultrasound was used instead of urography as the primary imaging method of renal diseases. Ultrasound detected a tumour more reliably and more specifically than urography and detected hydronephrosis with sufficient reliability. In cases of pyelonephritis urography was more informative than ultrasound. In 'diffuse' parenchymal diseases both methods were quite unreliable.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasound and computed tomography of small asymptomatic haemangiomas of the liver.

Gray-scale ultrasound examinations were performed in 13 patients with 18 small asymptomatic haemangiomas of the liver and computed tomography in 10 of these patients. Different types of ultrasound images were found. One of them appeared as a well-demarcated area of increased echoes with an echo-free halo consisting of vessels, is probably characteristic for haemangioma. The other types of images are considered non-specific. The native CT scans demonstrated a well-demarcated spherical area with low attenuation in 8 cases and an area with attenuation similar to the liver in 4. After contrast medium injection, areas with lower attenuation were found in 7 cases, with irregular accumulation of contrast medium in the periphery in 4, and with distinct vessels in the periphery in one case, 2 haemangiomas had the same attenuation as the liver parenchyma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The sonographic images of hypernephromas.

The sonographic images of hypernephromas were examined in 46 histologically confirmed cases. The echogenicity of hypernephromas can be higher, equal or lower that of renal cortex. There is no significant correlation between echogenicity and macroscopic vascularity. The infiltration of a tumour cannot be estimated with certainty using sonography. Acoustic enhancement can also be seen behind hypernephromas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Accuracy of 100 mm x 100 mm mirror optic camera technique as compared to normal chest radiography technique.

Full size and 100 mm x 100 mm mirror optic camera (photofluorographic) chest films of 121 patients were read by a team of four radiologists. Altogether 2781 diagnostic statements were reported, 968 of which were of primary importance, and only these statements were analysed. Error rates with the standard technique varied between 16 and 31% and with the 100 mm x 100 mm technique between 21 and 38%. The difference in error rates between the techniques used was not statistically significant but there were significant differences between the individual radiologists.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of hypernephromas as seen with ultrasound and computed tomography.

The structure of 20 hypernephromas as seen with ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) were compared. The hypervascular and necrotic areas, as well as the areas of normal tumoral enhancement in CT, were seen as markedly, moderately, or minimally echogenic or had mixed areas of minimal and marked echogenicity in US.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Narcotic smuggling and radiography of the gastrointestinal tract.

The gastrointestinal tract is being used to an increasing extent as a route for smuggling narcotics. Small, swallowed packages overwrapped with condoms or other materials are usually not detected by the customs authorities. Conventional abdominal radiography may indicate foreign bodies surrounded by a characteristic thin layer of gas and located in the gastrointestinal tract. Some short case histories, and the radiologic findings in four heroin 'body packers' are presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound examination of foreign bodies. An in vitro investigation.

Ultrasound examination of foreign bodies most frequently encountered in the human body was performed when they were contained within a transmission medium acoustically resembling human soft tissues. All the foreign bodies evaluated (lead and plastic pellets, pieces of wire, nails, needles, small fragments of rock and glass, wooden slivers, surgical sponges and surgical threads) were detectable with ultrasound. Strong echoes were reflected from their surface when they were positioned favourably, although in some positions the echoes from a needle, fragment of glass, wooden silver, or surgical thread could not be distinguished from those of the surroundings. Acoustic shadows were also seen behind the foreign bodies. A striking column of reverberation echoes was demonstrated behind lead pellets and nails while behind a glass plate there was an acoustic shadow that was often difficult to detect because it was concealed by a mirror image. With modern grey-scale real-time equipment it is possible to demonstrate objects from various angles, a fact which should facilitate the detection of foreign bodies in vivo circumstances.

Foreign Bodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sonography in differential diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis of the leg.

The lower extremities of 60 consecutive symptomatic patients were examined first by ultrasound (US) and then by phlebography. Deep venous thrombosis was found in 17 patients by means of venography. A hematoma was detected by US in six legs without thrombosis. A popliteal cyst was observed by US in five cases; one patient had a concurrent deep venous thrombosis. It was concluded that symptomatic patients with a negative phlebography should be examined by US for correct diagnosis and treatment, although US cannot replace phlebography.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonography in carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Cholecystosonography in approximately 40,000 patients over five years in two university hospitals revealed 30 (75%) of the 40 macroscopic primary carcinomas. In 3 cases the carcinoma was obscured by gallstones with shadowing, in 3 cases the origin of a tumour mass was misinterpreted, and in 4 cases the neoplastic growth mimicked gallbladder inflammatory changes or sludge. Malignancy was incorrectly diagnosed or suggested in 25 patients. The most frequent cause of a false positive report was acute or chronic inflammation, found at surgery in 16 gallbladders. Four carcinomas of the pancreatic head were believed to be gallbladder tumours. Cirrhosis with marked gallbladder wall thickening, gastric carcinomas with metastases, a common duct carcinoma, and two cases of sludge (with normal control studies) caused a false suggestion of gallbladder carcinoma. The most frequent ultrasonographic finding in gallbladder carcinomas was a mass filling the gallbladder (15 diagnosed cases), followed by wall thickening (9 cases), and polypoid or fungating tumour (6 cases). Real-time ultrasonography is a useful method for the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma, but considerable diagnostic problems in the differentiation from inflammatory diseases may be encountered.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration biopsy of the spleen in patients with sarcoidosis.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the spleen was performed on 101 patients with suggested sarcoidosis; it was the final diagnosis in 79. Adequate specimens were obtained in all cases with a 0.8 X 80 mm or 0.7 X 40 mm disposable needle. Fine-needle biopsy specimens of the spleen showed a granulomatous reaction in 19 out of the 79 cases with sarcoidosis (24%). There were three minor biopsy complications that required no treatment.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonography in acute gallbladder perforation.

The files of patients with acute cholecystitis from two large university hospitals from the years 1978-1985 were employed to find the cases with acute gallbladder perforation for this study. Only those patients (n = 9) were selected for the analysis of sonographic signs of acute gallbladder perforation who had less than 48 hours of symptoms before sonography, and were operated upon within 24 hours of the sonography. Patients (n = 10) with non-complicated acute cholecystitis and identical in regard to the duration of the symptoms and the timing of the sonography and the operation formed a control group. The sonographic findings in patients with gallbladder perforation were pericholecystic fluid collections, free peritoneal fluid, disappearance of the gallbladder wall echoes, focal highly echogenic areas with acoustic shadows in the gallbladder, and an inhomogeneous, generally echo-poor gallbladder wall.

Acute Disease↗