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Biomedical subjects

M Panelius

Publications and source records attributed to M Panelius.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Involvement of the central nervous system in acute, uncomplicated measles virus infection.

A prospective study on acute, uncomplicated measles infection was carried out in 59 patients hospitalized for an ordinary measles infection. A clinical and serological diagnosis of an acute measles infection was made in all cases. Serial serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were taken two to five times from each patient and tested for pleocytosis, albumin, and measles-specific antibodies. Pleocytosis was found in 18 patients (30%), usually shortly after the onset of rash. Nine patients had antibodies against measles virus in their CSF. Six of them seemed to have damage to the blood-brain barrier, but in two cases there was a very high serum antibody titer with a normal serum/CSF ratio. One patient had a local antibody production against measles virus in the central nervous system. Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded on 22 children, and a separate, quantitative EEG study with two to six consecutive recordings was also performed on a group of nine patients. Moderate or strong slowing of background EEG activity was found in 50% of the patients. In the consecutive recordings, the changes culminated a few days after the onset of rash. No correlation seemed to exist between the changes in the CSF and the age of the patient, on the one hand, and slowing of the EEG, on the other.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Measles and rubella virus antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis. A longitudinal study of serum and CSF specimens by radioimmunoassay.

A longitudinal study on rubella, measles, and respiratory syncytial virus antibodies in serial serum and CSF specimens from 20 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients was performed, using solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were also measured to check the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and the intrathecal IgG production. All the patients had local IgG production in their CNA. A local antibody production against one or more of the viruses studied was evident in 15 patients. Fluctuations in the intrathecal viral antibody synthesis were evident in eight patients. No correlation was found between these changes and the clinical course of the disease. The results suggest that the intrathecal antibody synthesis in MS is only partially against any given virus, and in most patients the bulk of the oligoclonal CSF antibodies is against antigens other than those studied here.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Comparative bioavailability of two commercial preparations of carbamazepine tablets.

A comparative bioavailability study was performed using two commercially available types of carbamazepine tablets, by statistical analysis of serum levels and other bioavailability parameters. After single oral dose the extent of absorption from the two preparations was similar, although a statistically significant difference in absorption rates was observed. In a multiple-dose study no significant difference in serum carbamazepine levels was found, so the tablets could be considered as bioequivalent drug products.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Radioimmunoassay of herpes-simplex and measles virus antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients without infectious or demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was used to detect IgG antibodies against herpes-simplex virus antigens (capsid, envelope and excreted) and against measles virus antigen in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of 61 patients with no evidence of infectious or demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Quantitative determinations of IgG and albumin in serum and CSF were also performed. Of the 61 serum and 61 CSF samples tested, 57 and 56 respectively contained antibodies against subunit antigens of herpes simplex virus. Antibody against measles virus was found in 59 serum and 47 CSF specimens. A positive correlation (P less than 0-001) was found between each of the four serum to CSF antibody ratios and the serum to CSF total IgG ratios. This indicated that the distribution of antiviral IgG antibodies in serum and CSF normally follows the distribution of total IgG. The ratios between viral antibody in serum and CSF were also correlated with albumin ratios (P less than 0-05). An inverse relation (P less than 0-001) was found between the age of the patients and their serum to CSF albumin ratios, but not their IgG ratios, suggesting that the albumin ratio is a useful indicator of a blood brain barrier lesion and that the IgG ratio should be used in evaluating disturbed antibody ratios.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

HLA antigens and antibody responses to measles and rubella viruses in multiple sclerosis.

Twenty-four HLA-antigens coded by loci A and B were determined serologically for 60 multiple sclerosis patients from Northern Finland. Forty-five of the patients were also typed by mixed leucocyte culture reactivity for HLA-Dw2. The only statistically significant difference in antigen frequencies in these patients compared with those in controls was the decrease of HLA-A2 among patients. Measles and rubella antibody titres in patients with and without HLA-Dw2 and HLA-B7 antigens were compared using a sensitive radioimmunoassay method. There was no difference between age- and sex-matched patient groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Solid-phase radioimmunoassay detection of rubella virus IgG antibody in serum and CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis.

Low levels of rubella virus IgG antibody have been detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) previously developed for testing of clinical serum samples. Paired serum and CSF specimens of 36 MS patients and 12 control patients were analyzed. Of those MS patients which had negative CSF titers in the rubella hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test, 90% (11/12) were found to have rubella IgG antibody by the RIA method. In specimens found to contain rubella IgG antibodies by both methods, the RIA test was approximately 15 times more sensitive than the rubella HAI test. The results presented suggest that a considerable portion of MS patients have significantly reduced serum/CSF rubella IgG antibody ratios, indicating that there is a local production of rubella antibodies in the central nervous system of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Virus antibody levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients with optic neuritis.

Virus antibody levels in serum specimens from 77 patients with optic neuritis (ON) were compared with those in healthy controls which had been matched with regard to sex, age and place of residence. A group of 58 patients with various neurological diseases other than multiple sclerosis (MS) or infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) served as a second control group. The ON patients had significantly higher measles antibody titers in serum than the two control groups in both measles HI and HLI tests. Tests of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens revealed similar differences between ON patients and controls. Tests for antibodies to other viruses showed no statistically significant differences between ON patients and controls. There were several ON patients with normal serum/CSF albumin ratios but low serum/CSF IgG and measles antibody ratios. An increase in measles antibody CSF titers was observed during the study time in two ON patients. The results support the hypothesis that local production of measles antibodies takes place in the CNS of some patients with ON as has been earlier suggested to occur in patients with MS.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1975

Multiple sclerosis and its etiopathogenesis.

Information available about the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is reviewed. It is concluded that multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which usually has fluctuating manifestations. Oligoclonal and individual-specific humoral antibody responses suggest the existence of a continuous antigenic stimulus in the CNS tissue, which may vary in intensity from time to time. The best explanation for this antigen suggests, that is has a viral origin, but the available evidence for this hypothesis is, however, only indirect. More sophisticated methods are proclaimed to characterize specifically the humoral and cellular immunity to virus antigens and the interactions between viruses and cells in patients with demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1974

Comparison of antibodies against different viruses in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from patients with multiple sclerosis.

The occurrence of a local production in the central nervous system (CNS) of antibodies against different selected viruses was analyzed by comparison of titers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from groups of 50 patients with multiple sclerosis from Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Measles antibodies were determined in hemagglutination inhibition, hemolysis inhibition, and nucleocapsid complement fixation tests; mumps, parainfluenza virus type 1, and rubella virus antibodies were determined in hemagglutination inhibition tests; and herpes simplex virus type 1 antibodies were determined in passive hemagglutination tests. For reference purposes tests were also made for adenovirus antibodies in penton hemagglutination enhancement tests and poliovirus antibodies in neutralization enhancement tests. Among the 150 multiple sclerosis patients, a local production of antibodies against measles virus was found in the CNS in 57%, against rubella virus in 19%, mumps virus in 15%, herpes simplex virus type 1 in 11%, and parainfluenza virus type 1 (Sendai) in 3%. A local production in the CNS of antibodies against any of the viruses studied was found in 71% of multiple sclerosis patients. These included 48, 16, and 7% that produced antibodies to one, two, and three or more viruses, respectively.

Adenoviridae↗