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Biomedical subjects

M Papadakis

Publications and source records attributed to M Papadakis.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Chronic liver disease manifesting as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

A 59-year-old woman was initially seen with anemia, purpura, gastrointestinal tract and vaginal bleeding, pronounced hyperglobulinemia, and an increased serum viscosity, all suggestive of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Subsequent investigation, however, indicated that these abnormalities were more likely due to chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis. The striking similarity of this patient's symptoms to those of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and the pathophysiologic characteristics of polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia in chronic liver disease are discussed.

Antigens↗
PubMed1982

Interrelationships between gluconeogenesis and uricogenesis in chicken liver.

1. Experiments performed on isolated hepatocytes and perfused liver of starved chickens showed that gluconeogenesis from lactate, glycerol and fructose was inhibited by 22-100% on addition of urate precursors. 2. The inhibition was associated with an increased rate of urate formation. 3. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (40 microM), 2-bromooctanoate (2 mM) and 3-mercaptopicolinate (3MPA) (0.5 mM) were inhibitory with respect to gluconeogenesis but did not significantly affect the rate of urate formation. 4. The possible interrelationships between gluconeogenesis and uricogenesis are considered in terms of a competition for ATP and for other metabolites between the two pathways. 5. An interplay of both pathways at the level of anion transfer across the inner mitochondrial membrane is also discussed.

Ammonium Chloride↗
PubMed1982

A study of the effectiveness of rifaprim in chronic prostatitis caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus.

Rifampicin plus trimethoprim (rifaprim) was used to treat 20 patients with chronic prostatitis in exacerbation: 11 received 2 tablets at bedtime for 15 days followed by 1 tablet at bedtime for another 105 days, and 9 received 1 tablet in the morning and 2 tablets at bedtime for 15 days, then 2 tablets at bedtime for 15 days followed by 1 tablet at bedtime for another 90 days. All patients had an enlarged tender prostate and all but 2 were symptomatic. In 10 patients previous treatment, including co-trimoxazole in 5, had failed. Cultures of the expressed prostatic secretions yielded Staphylococcus aureus in 17 patients and gram-negative micro-organisms in 3. At the end of treatment 6 of 11 patients given the lower dosage were cured clinically and bacteriologically compared to 8 of 9 given the higher dosage. After 2 to 3 years of following 5 of 9 patients in the first group and all 7 in the second group had not suffered relapse. From our study it is evident that rifaprim is a potent drug in the treatment of chronic prostatitis caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus. A promptness of therapeutic response and the rate of cure at the end of treatment as well as after at least 2 years of followup favor the higher drug dosage.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Estimation of gestational age in the neonate: a comparison of clinical methods.

A combined evaluation of almost all the proposed morphologic and neurologic criteria for estimating gestational age in the neonate was performed on 710 newborns of 28 to 44 weeks' gestation. It is concluded that (1) the neurologic criteria used by Dubowitz et al in combination with the external (morphologic) criteria of Farr et al give very accurate results of estimation of the gestational age; (2) equally accurate results can be obtained if those criteria with the lowest correlation coefficients--namely, are and leg recoil, degree of edema, and appearance of the genitalia--are omitted; and (3) the use of only nine external criteria, the assessment of which is easier to perform on sick babies, gives an estimation of gestational age that is accurate for clinical purposes (r=0.878).

Gestational Age↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ketonuria in hospitalized patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Physicians routinely order urinary ketone testing for most patients with diabetes mellitus upon hospitalization, even in the absence of a history of diabetic ketoacidosis. To determine whether testing for urinary ketones is clinically useful in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), a retrospective review was undertaken of 152 charts of patients admitted to the hospital during a 6-mo period with the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Of the 135 patients with NIDDM, 96% had routine testing performed for urinary ketones. Surprisingly, 26% of the patients with NIDDM had positive urine ketones at some time during hospitalization, and the degree of ketonuria was markedly greater did not reflect diabetic ketoacidosis. Ketonuria was accompanied by significant hyperglycemia and most likely reflects relative insulinopenia. Only 23% of the episodes of ketonuria were acknowledged in the progress notes. Although NIDDM patients who had ketonuria in the hospital were more likely to be transiently treated with insulin than patients without ketonuria, in no instance did the progress notes state that a diagnostic test or change in therapy was ordered because of the presence of a positive test for urinary ketones. The primary goal for therapy of patients with NIDDM should remain good control of blood glucose. In the hospitalized patient in whom frequent blood glucose determinations are made, it is not clear that urinary ketone testing needs to be routinely done.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Beta-thalassaemia mutations and the underlying beta gene cluster haplotypes in the Greek population.

The polymorphic sites across the beta gene cluster (restriction haplotypes) in association with specific thalassaemic mutations were analyzed in representative samples of normal and thalassaemic Greeks in comparison to similar data of other populations around the mediterranean basin. We studied 316 normal chromosomes, 218 chromosomes from patients with thalassaemia major and 72 chromosomes from patients with thalassaemia intermedia. In the former group, haplotype frequencies followed the order I, IX, II, V etc.. In the group of patients with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia the order was I, II, V and VI, while in those with thalassaemia intermedia the most frequent haplotypes were I and VI. The frequency of haplotypes I and VI was higher among the thalassaemic chromosomes in comparison to those of the normal population; haplotype IX showed the inverse relation. These findings imply that the thalassaemic mutations occurred at a very early stage on haplotypes I and VI and much later on haplotype IX. Micromapping did not reveal any significant variations. Haplotypes I, II, V and VI were associated with the molecular defects IVS-1 nt 110, beta zero-39, IVS-1 nt 1 and IVS-1 nt 6 respectively. A number of other mutations were also identified. The molecular defect was identified also on a random sample of beta-thalassaemia carriers (424 chromosomes). On the basis of the overall data, the feasibility of prenatal diagnosis of thalassaemia by allele specific hybridization is ca. 80%, with the four most common oligomers and 95% when the set of probes expands to eight.

Alleles↗