PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Paunonen

Publications and source records attributed to M Paunonen.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Analysis of the concept of family nursing. Family systems nursing and family-centered nursing as closely related concepts].

The article analyses the concept of family nursing, which is defined and described by reference to its key characteristics (e.g. Rodgers 1989, Meleis 1991). Other, closely related and to some extent even substitutable concepts identified in the article are family systems nursing and family-centered nursing. The broad area of family therapy is excluded from the discussion since the purpose is to concentrate on the nursing of healthy families. Family nursing is defined in three different ways depending on the place and the role of the family on practical nursing: family as a context, as a sum of its parts and as a client. Concept of family-centered nursing is included in these three levels, but also levels minimal emphasis on family and family therapy, which are not included in the concept of family nursing. However, it is concluded that the two concepts can be regarded as closely related. Family systems nursing can be regarded either as one sub-concept to family nursing and family-centered nursing or as a kindred concept. It is suggested that a serious debate should be started in Finland on these concepts and that research should be undertaken in different nursing situations to find out how these concepts occur in reality.

Family↗
PubMed1993

[Sexuality of the aged--attitudes of nurses and physicians].

The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes of the nurses and the physicians and their knowledge towards the sexuality of the hospitalized and non-hospitalized aged patients. The study was carried out in a small health centre near Turku involving a total of 70 persons of the medical staff, nurses and doctors. The questionnaire was returned by 53 of those involved. According to the participants, aged people only rarely express their wish to discuss their sexual needs during the care. Neither do the nurses or physicians bring up the matter themselves. Most of the attendants in the study would be ready to discuss with the patients matters dealing with the sexuality of the aged. The participants had knowledge of the sexual needs of the elderly and their attitudes were acceptive. This might mean that the member of the staff is willing to try to help the patient in matters usually difficult to handle.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Family dynamics of mothers and fathers expecting their first or second child].

This study forms part of the international family dynamics project. The study was carried out in two stages. In stage one the aim was to determine how expectant mothers and fathers view the family's activity on six bipolar dimensions (Barnhill 1979). Family dynamics was studied during the third trimester of pregnancy with both mothers (118) and fathers (118) participating in the study (N = 236). The data were collected by questionnaires, using the Family Dynamics Measure. Most parents (86%) reported that their family functioning was either very good or quite good. Married parents reported more stability, flexibility and clearer communication than cohabiting parents did. Mothers reported more flexibility, mutuality and clearer communication than fathers did. Families expecting their first child found more mutuality, role reciprocity and clearer communication than did families expecting their second child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Testing a model for counsellor training in three public health care organisations.

The article describes a training programme arranged for 26 specially qualified nurses who were to be placed in the role of nurse counsellors. The programme was tested over a period of 2 years in three public health care organisations: a central university hospital, a regional hospital and a community health centre. The aims were to develop a basic model for counsellor training and to test the model in practice; and more specifically, to evaluate the relevance of the theoretical instruction, practical exercises, and reading assignments included in the programme. Finally, on the basis of self-evaluations by the nurses involved, the aim was to find out how far the objectives set for the practical counselling by the nurses themselves were realised. The data were collected by means of a semi-structured questionnaire after the completion of the training course, and analysed using the method of content analysis. Percentage and frequency distributions were used for purposes of statistical description. The small sample size and the differences in the nature and goals of the health care organisations involved mean that there are important restrictions to the generality of these results. Nevertheless they give important clues for the further development of counsellor training schemes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

Changes initiated by a nursing supervision programme: an analysis based on log-linear models.

The paper discusses the effects of a nursing supervision programme on nursing practices, more specifically on how nurses take their patients' needs into account. The analysis is based on the need theory by Yura and Walsh and examines the changes initiated by the programme on the basis of the subjects' own experiences. The study was carried out in three Finnish public health care organizations. A total of 26 specially trained nurses took part in the supervision programme. The data were collected by a questionnaire immediately before and after the programme and, in order to evaluate long-term effects, 1 year later. Log-linear models were the main method of analysis. The results indicate that the programme had some very favourable effects. According to the nurses involved, their freedom of action and willingness to act, as well as nursing activity itself, had greatly improved. The change was most noticeable in the case of willingness to act. The nurses also felt that the programme had helped them to understand better the relationship between these three components. The results provide some useful clues with regard to the effects of nursing routines and the organization's nursing culture on the nurse's job and her activity.

Finland↗
PubMed1990

Sexuality and the satisfaction of sexual needs. A study on the attitudes of aged home-nursing clients.

This article discusses conceptions of sexuality and the satisfaction of sexual needs in a sample of aged home nursing patients (N = 50) in a small rural town in Finland. The purpose of the study, which was carried out as part of a nursing development project in the form of action research, was to gain a deeper understanding of the satisfaction of basic human needs and problems of need-satisfaction in aged people, particularly in the domain of sexual needs. The data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, which was designed primarily on the basis of the need theories of Yura & Walsh and Orem. Negative attitudes towards sexual needs were found in more than half of the aged respondents; they did not consider it proper for aged people to have an active sex life. One-quarter felt that sexual needs and desires were shameful and sinful. Only less than one-quarter had positive attitudes towards sex. The majority of the respondents felt that they could freely and confidently talk about sex with the nursing staff, but only less than one-quarter were willing to do so. Almost all had some need to show affection to another person. The majority accepted their own self-image, but half were not satisfied with their physical appearance.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Life situation of aged home-nursing clients.

We describe the life situation of elderly Finnish home-nursing clients (N = 50) on the basis of their own experiences and opinions of need-satisfaction. The purpose of the study, which was carried out as part of a nursing development project in the form of action research, was to gain a deeper understanding of the satisfaction of human needs and problems of need-satisfaction in aged people and on this basis to develop forms of nursing that support self-care. The data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire, which was designed primarily on the basis of the need theories of Yura and Walsh and Orem. The specific areas of inquiry included the clients' experiences of need-satisfaction in the promotion of physical health, emotional life, relations of communality, personal growth and development, and spiritual life. Overall the aged clients were relatively satisfied. However, in certain areas there were also unmet needs, notably in getting adequate nutrition, rest, and sleep, as well as in secretory activity. In addition, it seemed that loneliness caused considerable anxiety to the elderly home-nursing clients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

[Sexuality and the satisfaction of sexual needs].

The article discusses conceptions of sexuality and the satisfaction of sexual needs in a sample of aged home nursing patients (N = 50) in small rural town in Finland. The purpose of the study, which was carried out as part of a nursing development project in the form of action research, was to gain a deeper understanding of the satisfaction of basic human needs and problems of need-satisfaction in aged people, particularly in the domain of sexual needs. Negative attitudes towards sexual needs were found in more than half of the aged respondents; they did not consider it proper for aged people to have an active sex life. One quarter felt that sexual needs and desires were shameful and sinful. Only less than one quarter had positive attitudes towards sex. The majority of the respondents felt that they could freely and confidentially talk about sex with the nursing staff, but only less than one quarter were willing to do so. Almost all had some need to show affection to another person. The majority accepted their own self-image, but half were not satisfied with their physical appearance.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gender differences in fears related to coronary arteriography.

OBJECTIVE: To compare levels of fear and the intensity of specific fears in women and men related to coronary arteriography (CA). DESIGN: Prospective survey. SETTING: A 1360-bed university hospital. Data were collected before, during, and after CA, and again 6 months later. SUBJECTS: The sample consisted of 54 women and 166 men undergoing scheduled CA. METHODS: To compare fear levels at different points of evaluation; two analyses of covariance for repeated measures were performed. RESULTS: On average, women had significantly higher mean scores of fear across the points of evaluation on the Visual Analogue Scale than men (P <.001). During the hospital stay, the most intense fear for both women and men was the fear of coronary artery bypass grafting and the uncertainty about the illness, whereas at home it was the fear of myocardial infarction. On average, women reported significantly intense fears more frequently than men across time. On average, men experienced more intensive fear of problems in their sex life than women (P =. 032). The changes in intensity of fears over time were not significantly different by gender, except in fear of pain (P =.013), health care staff not having enough time to care for the patient (P =.039), and health care staff discussing the patient's condition without the patient being present (P =.048). Age and prior CA were found to be significantly related to most of the fears at different points of evaluation, and to the changes of fears over time. CONCLUSION: There existed differences in the tendency to report intensity of fears by gender; however, the intensity of fears changed in a similar way over time. The results suggest that the few gender differences in fears that existed may be explained by the treatment chosen for the patients and the patients' acceptance of it. Therefore, it is important to adapt information and support according to the treatment chosen for the patient.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting nursing quality through supervision.

This article discusses the concept and content of supervision and related forms of staff training. Of special concern is the implementation of supervision in nursing organizations and its role in promoting nursing quality. Finally, the article looks at the future prospects of supervision and the need for further development. In Finland, supervision was first introduced as a method of staff training in the 1960s, but it is only during the past decade or so that it has been adopted on a wider scale in different fields of health care. Recently, there has been increasing debate on the definition of the concept, on its content, and on how supervision should be distinguished from other forms of staff training. Critics are saying that existing conceptual analyses are superficial and remain surrounded by considerable ambiguity. In the practice of nursing supervision, the emphasis is often too heavily on the problems of nursing practice. As a result, any creative new ideas on the part of the supervised employee are easily ignored. Every effort should now be made to develop a more accurate and comprehensive definition of supervision by closely comparing supervision with related forms of staff training, many of which differ from supervision only marginally in terms of, say, goals and contents. Supervision is here compared with consultation, hierarchic supervision, guidance, and therapy.

Finland↗