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Biomedical subjects

M Pearlman

Publications and source records attributed to M Pearlman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Increased CD38 expression is associated with favorable prognosis in adult acute leukemia.

CD38 is expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) blasts and its prognostic significance is unknown. We investigated CD38 expression in 304 AML and 138 ALL patients. CD38 was lower in AML-M3 compared to other FAB subtypes (5% vs. 41%; P < 0.001), but was similar among ALL subtypes (56.6%; P = 0.69). Ph + ALL and AML with t(15; 17) patients showed lower CD38 expression than the other cytogenetic groups. Overall survival favored AML and ALL patients with higher CD38 levels. Multivariate analysis revealed CD38 expression to be an independent outcome predictor in AML, but not in ALL.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1998

Oral trovafloxacin compared with intravenous cefoxitin in the prevention of bacterial infection after elective vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy for nonmalignant disease. Trovafloxacin Surgical Group.

BACKGROUND: Trovafloxacin is a new fourth-generation fluoroquinolone whose pharmacokinetics and in vitro activity suggest that it is well suited for antibiotic prophylaxis in elective hysterectomy. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study, parallel groups of women 18 years of age or older received either 200 mg trovafloxacin by mouth and intravenous (i.v.) placebo or 2 g cefoxitin by i.v. infusion and placebo by mouth before elective vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy for nonmalignant disease. RESULTS: In the 103 and 97 patients in the trovafloxacin and cefoxitin groups, respectively, who were evaluable for efficacy, the prophylactic success rates at hospital discharge (96% in both groups) and 30 +/- 6 days after hysterectomy (88% and 91% in the trovafloxacin and cefoxitin groups, respectively) were statistically equivalent. Both antibiotics were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: A single oral 200 mg dose of trovafloxacin is as effective and safe as a standard cefoxitin parenteral regimen in the prevention of primary bacterial infection after elective vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy for nonmalignant disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

The role of socioeconomic status in adolescent literature.

This article attempts to establish that socioeconomic status (SES) plays an important role in the lives of adolescents and is reflected in adolescent literature. The emphasis on SES in four adolescent novels: The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger, and The Pigman by Paul Zindel suggests that both the authors and their young readers are aware of its influence in today's society. Three areas which are greatly affected by SES are examined: adolescents' self-esteem, how it affects characterization and subsequently the degree to which adolescents identify with a literary character, and how it functions as a learning device, enabling authors to infuse their own moral values into the minds of their audiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Vaginal flora and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Forty-one patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease were evaluated for the coexistence of bacterial vaginosis. Because all patients had a copious purulent vaginal discharge, microscopic criteria could not be used and microbiologic criteria were employed. The vaginal bacterial flora were not consistent with that of bacterial vaginosis, because Lactobacillus and other gram-positive bacteria dominated with colony counts of 10(3) to 10(5) cfu/ml (colony-forming units per milliliter). Endocervical specimens yielded Neisseria gonorrhoeae from 20 patients and Chlamydia trachomatis from 11 patients. Anaerobes were not dominant in any site sampled. A total of 147 bacteria were isolated from the endometrium, 16 (11%) of which were anaerobes. Thus the endogenous bacterial flora were not consistent with that of the microbiologic definition of bacterial vaginosis. N. gonorrhoeae was the most common isolate from the endocervix and endometrium; it was isolated three times more frequently from the endocervix and two times more frequently from the endometrium than was C. trachomatis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Abdominal wall Actinomyces abscess associated with an intrauterine device. A case report.

An abdominal wall Actinomyces abscess occurred in a woman with an intrauterine device. Contributing factors were local trauma, spread from surrounding colonized body sites and symbiotic growth of other anaerobes. The diagnosis was based on the histologic finding of the sulfur granule. Special studies may be needed to distinguish this condition from other, similar ones (Nocardia, botryomycosis).

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1988

Nasal airway blockage caused by displaced premaxilla mimicking posterior pharyngeal flap obstruction.

Signs of nasal airway obstruction, ranging from hyponasality, snoring, and inability to blow the nose to cardiorespiratory compromise, have been reported after posterior pharyngeal flap surgery. In some cases the symptoms are severe enough to require take-down or revision of the flap. Polysomnography has been used to document obstruction to nasal airflow and may be a guide in selecting patients for flap revision. This case report points out that in certain patients a particular coexisting anatomic abnormality--the locked-out premaxilla--may predispose patients to this symptom complex. In such patients flap revision may not relieve the symptoms, and careful evaluation of the lateral pharyngeal ports is recommended.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1980

The very low-birth-weight rate: Principal predictor of neonatal mortality in industrialized populations.

We have examined the relationship between the rate of very low-birth-weight deliveries in a population and the neonatal mortality of that population on three ecologic levels: in one hospital over a 12-year span; among the 50 states and the District of Columbia; and among 13 industrialized nations. In each of the three sets of populations the VLBW rate is an excellent predictor of neonatal mortality, accounting for about three-quarters of the variance in the outcome in all of the populations studied. The relatively high neonatal mortality of the United States as compared to that in some other industrialized nations is primarily attributable to its disadvantageous birth-weight distribution. Holding the adverse birth-weight distribution constant, the United States appears to do better than most of these nations in neonatal mortality. The weight distribution of live births in any population is closely linked to indices of social class. Survival of infants at a given birth weight, however, might well be a function of perinatal care. Since weight-specific mortality rates for populations are not widely available, examination of the variance in neonatal mortality rates once the VLBW rate is held constant might be a first step in comparing the quality of medical care for newborn infants among different populations.

Austria↗