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Biomedical subjects

M Perlow

Publications and source records attributed to M Perlow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Self psychology interpretation of the Thematic Apperception Test.

Self psychology theory of personality has gained recognition as an important contribution to the psychoanalytic understanding of personality. The authors present guidelines for the interpretation of Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) material in accordance with self psychology, and provide as a case example a detailed interpretation of the TAT material of one patient. Material from the therapist's summary of the treatment is provided in support of the self psychology interpretation proposed. The authors encourage further efforts to expand the application of self psychology to the understanding of psychological testing material.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reverse intermetamorphosis--a rare misidentification phenomenon.

The authors present a case including two variants of delusional misidentification: Fregoli variant and intermetamorphosis. The present case has two interesting aspects: a) intermetamorphosis occurred in the patient himself, rather than in another person; b) the intermetamorphosis was only psychological and not physical.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Myelination by transplanted fetal and neonatal oligodendrocytes in a dysmyelinating mutant.

Demyelination is a major feature of CNS injury and disease, including multiple sclerosis. To examine the potential for myelination by transplanted oligodendrocytes, initially described by Gumpel et al., we have transplanted neonatal cortex of mice with normal myelin into a dysmyelinating mutant, the shiverer mouse. We have found that oligodendrocyte precursors mature and synthesize myelin following transplantation. Immunostaining with antibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP), neurofilament protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein, demonstrates myelination both within the graft and extending out into the host, axonal sprouting from the graft which parallels the MBP-reactivity, and minimal astrocytic proliferation in response to the transplant.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The circadian variation of catecholamine metabolism in the subhuman primate.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was removed continuously in 2- or 3-h aliquots from the lateral and fourth cerebral ventricles of chronic chair restrained rhesus monkeys. Under conditions of 12 h light (06.00-18.00 h) and 12 h darkness (18.00-06.00 h) the concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) were found to describe a circadian pattern, with maximal concentrations occurring during the light hours and minimal concentrations occurring during the dark hours. The patterns were generally coincident with the circadian patterns of brain temperature and body activity. When assayed for 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA), samples of CSF collected over 3-4 days demonstrated no reproducible pattern of change. Fluctuation in the concentration of MHPG did not correspond in direction or magnitude to changes in the concentration of VMA. These random fluctuations may in part be accounted for by the influx of the metabolites from peripheral sources to the brain and CSF, and by the relatively slow movement of these metabolites as they diffuse from brain parenchyma to the CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Heterogeneity of human whole blood platelet subpopulations. II. Use of a subhuman primate model to analyze the relationship between density and platelet age.

A subhuman primate model was developed to ascertain whether or not platelet heterogeneity could be explained by aging in the peripheral circulation. Density-dependent platelet cohorts, postulated to represent cells of different ages, were isolated on isosmolar arabinogalactan gradients and labeled with radiochromium. Mean platelet lifespan was measured for the different density cohorts, and simultaneous sequential density distribution analysis was performed to follow changes in cell density during aging. The average mean lifespan of light platelets was 74.6 hr, compared to 313.6 hr for heavy platelets. After injection, labeled light platelets were recovered only in the gradient light region, in contrast to labeled heavy platelets, which were initially restricted to the dense region and progressively migrated to the light region during their lifespan. This study supports the hypothesis that platelet age in unstressed primates correlates with cell density and provides a rationale for the use of "age-dependent" markers to estimate platelet turnover rates.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Bromocriptine and levodopa (with or without carbidopa) in parkinsonism.

Bromocriptine, a dopamine receptor agonist, was administered to 20 patients with idiopathic parkinsonism taking levodopa (L-dopa) or "Sinemet" (levodopa combined with carbidopa in a 10/1 ratio) at optimum doses. In a double-blind randomised cross-over study lasting 6 months, the addition of bromocriptine (mean daily dose 79 mg) led to a significant (P less than 0.01) 74% reduction in the dose of sinemet and levodopa. "Total disability score" showed a significant (P less than 0.01) improvement at both low and high doses of bromocriptine. Tremor improved 50% (P less than 0.01), with significant improvements in gait, posture, writing, balance, rigidity, finger dexterity, and drooling. Adverse reactions were similar to those observed with sinemet and levodopa. Although both the cause and the cure of idiopathic parkinsonism remain elusive, bromocriptine appears to represent a therapeutic advance.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

A primate model for the study of human fever.

The effect of semipurified human leukocytic pyrogen isolated in vitro from neutrophilic leukocytes was studied in awake, chair-restrained rhesus monkeys. Intravenously administered leukocytic pyrogen elicited (1) a monophasic fever of short duration and latency to onset that varied from animal to animal and (2) a febrile response that was much greater at night, when the base-line temperature is low, than during the day, when the base-line temperature is high. Intravenous indomethacin, in contrast to large intravenous doses of sodium salicylate, reduced the febrile response to leukocytic pyrogen. Rapid, repeated injections of leukocytic pyrogen prolonged the febrile response from 1 1/2 to 5 1/2 hr, at which point there was a sudden 300%-400% increase in fever increment over a 30-min period. Since the rhesus monkey is as sensitive to human leukocytic pyrogen as the rabbit, it is proposed that this primate might serve as a useful model in investigations directed toward the understanding of the pathophysiology of fever in human beings.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Seasonal patterns of sleep stages and secretion of cortisol and growth hormone during 24 hour periods in northern Norway.

A group of 7 healthy male subjects was studied in regard to sleep stages and 24 h plasma cortisol and growth hormone patterns during the 4 seasons of the year in an Arctic environment (Tromsø, Norway). No difference in total sleep or sleep stage per cents was found for any of the yearly seasons. A small but statistical significant increase in mean plasma cortisol concentration and amount secreted for 24 h was found for the autumn-winter seasons, as compared with the spring and summer. However, no difference in the circadian curve of cortisol hormonal pattern was found. All subjects secreted growth hormone shortly after sleep onset at night and no difference was found as a function of season of the year.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Hypothalamic-pituitary function in diverse hyperprolactinemic states.

Prolactin secretion in normal adults is characterized by periods of episodic secretion which increase in magnitude during sleep. In this study, we report the 24-h mean prolactin concentrations, prolactin secretory patterns, and associated pituitary hormone function in nine patients (seven women and two men) with hyperprolactinemia of diverse etiologies. Four of the women and one of the men had clinically demonstrable pituitary tumors, one boy had a hypothalamic tumor, and the three other women had "functional" hyperprolactinemia. The 24-h mean prolactin concentrations derived from averaging the 20-min interval samples for 24 h ranged from 28.6 to 1,220 ng/ml. The plasma prolactin patterns in these patients showed persistence of episodic secretion in all and loss of the normal sleep-wake difference in plasma prolactin in seven of nine. Three of the patients with galactorrhea and comparable 24-h mean prolactin concentrations (58.3, 59.7, and 64.3 ng/ml) showed similar prolactin secretory patterns despite different etiologic mechanisms. Evaluation of the secretory patterns of luteinizing hormone (LH) in these patients showed loss of normal pulsatile LH release and a low 24-h mean LH concentration in the patient with the pituitary tumor, while the two patients without clinically demonstrable pituitary tumors ("post-pill" galactorrhea and "idiopathic" galactorrhea) showed normal LH secretory patterns and 24-h mean LH concentrations. The 24-h mean cortisol concentrations and secretory patterns were normal in five of the seven patients who had these parameters measured. The patient with the hypothalamic tumor had a low 24-h mean cortisol concentration and production rate and absent response to metyrapone. The patient with "idiopathic" galactorrhea had an elevated 24-h mean cortisol concentration but normal cortisol production rate and urinary 17-hydroxycorticoid excretion. Growth hormone secretion was abnormal in four of the patients (one with the hypothalamic tumor and three with pituitary tumors). Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) administration in four patients resulted in normal TSH release in two patients (one of whom developed galactorrhea after the test), an absent response in the patient with the hypothalamic tumor, and a blunted response in one of the women with a pituitary tumor. The two men had low 24-h mean plasma testosterone concentrations (69 and 30 ng/100 ml) and symptoms of impotence and loss of libido. Five of the women (four with pituitary tumors and one with Chiari-Frommel syndrome) had either low 24-h mean LH concentrations, abnormal LH secretory patterns, or both. These data indicate that patients with hyperprolactinemia encompassing a varied etiological range frequently show loss of the normal sleep-associated increase in prolactin secretion as well as abnormalities in the regulation of the other hypothalamic pituitary-regulated hormones. The finding that the abnormalities in LH, growth hormone, thyrotropin, and cortisol (adrenocorticotrophic) secretion were almost uniformly confined to the patients with the clinically demonstrable hypothalamic or pituitary tumors suggests that the size of the lesion is the critical factor.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1972

Growth hormone responses to L-dopa in depressed patients.

Plasma human growth hormone responses to oral administration of 500 milligrams of L-dopa were analyzed in three groups of subjects: normals, age 20 to 32; normals, age 48 to 68; and unipolar depressed patients, age 45 to 68. While only 7 percent of the young normals had deficient human growth hormone responses to this stimulus, 36 percent of the older normals and 77 percent of the depressed patients failed to have adequate responses, suggesting an effect of age and a further effect of depressive illness. Because the release of human growth hormone appears to be closely related to brain catecholamine metabolism, the deficient responses in the depressed patients may provide further support to the concept of a neurochemical defect in depressive illness.

Administration, Oral↗