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Biomedical subjects

M Petricevic

Publications and source records attributed to M Petricevic.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

Surgical experience at the Rama war hospital in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

We present our experience in the treatment of 1,300 wounded at the Rama war hospital in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Rama surgical teams performed mainly chest, abdominal and vascular operations, and other operations if the patient's life was considered to be in danger. All severely wounded patients were transported in a stable hemodynamic state to the Split University Hospital within 48 to 72 h, as the Rama hospital was primarily an evacuation facility. Owing to the well-organized first aid provided and the rapid evacuation from the combat line, all patients were operated within 3 h after injury. This, together with the excellent functioning of our blood bank were factors responsible for our good results. Among the 226 casualties operated under general anesthesia, mortality was 8.4% (19 cases). The most common causes of death were multiple injury and irreversible hemorrhagic shock.

Adolescent

beta-Endorphin, immunological and biochemical changes in synovial fluid in rheumatic disorders.

In 120 patients with rheumatic disorders concomitant assays of serum and synovial fluid were done for acute phase reactants, immunoglobulins and the neuropeptide beta-endorphin. One-third of the patients with rheumatoid disease demonstrated synovial fluid levels of endorphin to be several-fold higher than serum levels, while in two-thirds the opposite results were found. These changes are discussed as adaptive or defense mechanisms. The synovial membrane is postulated to synthesize beta-endorphin.

Aged

Age related changes in total DNA and RNA and incorporation of uridine and thymidine in rat brain.

1. Total brain DNA and total brain RNA and the incorporation of thymidine[14C] and uridine[3H] were measured in young and aged rats. 2. From 20 days to the time of sexual maturation, both DNA and RNA levels increase. Total RNA exceeds total DNA at all ages. Comparatively, the ratio of total DNA/RNA is higher in young than in aged animals. 3. The incorporation of thymidine[14C]/g of DNA and of uridine[3H]/g of RNA decreases with age. This decrease is rapid in young animals. After 350 days of age, the incorporation becomes very low. The significance of data is discussed.

Aging

Age-related changes in total DNA and RNA and incorporation of uridine and thymidine in rat liver, kidney and spleen.

Total content of DNA and RNA in liver, kidney and spleen were measured in young and aged rats. At the same time the incorporation of [14C]thymidine, a DNA precursor, and [3H]uridine, an RNA precursor, were also determined. Changes in total organ DNA and RNA correlated with sexual maturation as did incorporation of precursors. Young animals have more DNA per organ relative to RNA, with kidney and spleen DNA showing a decrease between maturity and senescence. However, liver RNA increases with age, a change probably due to decreased catabolism of RNA since [3H]urine uptake decreases. Liver polyploid differentiation, and [14C]thymidine and [3H]uridine uptake, are correlated. In kidney, incorporation of [3H]uridine is inversely related to [14C]thymidine incorporation.

Aging

Temporal changes of [3H]uridine and [14C]thymidine incorporation and total organ DNA and RNA in rat thymus.

Aging at organ, cell and molecular levels is characterized by a variety of deleterious changes. Theoretically, all of these changes must be linked to the primary informational molecule DNA and its ancillary control proteins. The present experiments were done to determine how the rate of nucleotide uptake and/or total quantity of RNA and DNA vary with age. Thymus showed age-related changes in radionucleotide uptake and total quantity of RNA and DNA. The ratio of DNA to RNA is higher in organs of younger animals. Total organ thymus DNA decreased between maturity and senescence. Sexual maturation correlates with DNA and RNA in total organ content or in synthesis.

Aging

Inflammation in relation to dietary intake of zinc and copper.

The role of the trace metal copper (Cu) and the role of the trace metal zinc (Zn) in inflammation were studied in rats fed diets containing varying amounts of these metals. Rats fed a diet low in Cu for two months developed more carrageenin induced inflammation than did control rats eating normal food. In rats eating the low Cu diet supplemented by added Cu, inflammation was reduced to normal levels. Rats fed a diet low in Zn for three months developed more footpad swelling after challenge with carrageenin and with monosodium urate crystals than did control rats eating a normal diet.

Animals

35s incorporation in rats in relation to deprivation of copper and zinc in the diet.

Experiments were designed to explore connective tissue metabolism in rats eating a diet low in copper (Cu) and a diet low in zinc (Zn). Incorporation of 35S given as inorganic sulphate served as the metabolic marker. Sulphur uptake was elevated about 100% over normal in tissues of rats eating a low Cu diet: lung, kidney, spleen, aorta, small intestine, cartilage, and bone. Rats eating a diet low in Zn had levels of radioactive sulphate two to fourfold higher than normals in lung, stomach, liver, adrenal, kidney, brain, spleen aorta, thymus, skin, muscle, intestine, testes, cartilage, and bone.

Animals

Modification of cholesterol crystal-induced inflammation.

Cholesterol crystals induced inflammation in normal rats upon being injected into the footpad. Cholesterol caused less swelling than did an equal amount (3 mg) of monosodium urate crystals. In rats made deficient in essential fatty acids on the basis of clinical criteria (thereby presumably being deficient in prostaglandins) cholesterol crystals did not produce normal levels of swelling. Injections of prostaglandin E1, prostacyclin and thromboxane (B2) did not result in perturbations in cholesterol-induced swelling. Colchicine and indomethacin, given systemically, were very effective in reducing cholesterol crystal-induced foot swelling. Prostaglandin E2 also demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect.

Animals

Sympathetic or reflex footpad swelling due to crystal-induced inflammation in the opposite foot.

Sympathetic or reflex footpad swelling occurred in rats when several crystals known to be pathogenic in human joints or soft tissues were injected into the opposite footpad. Monosodium urate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CaPPD), hydroxyapatite, calcium oxalate (CaOx), and xanthine (X) suspension induced varying degrees of such reflex of sympathetic swelling. In the second cycle of crystal-induced swelling, the foot that had been the initial or primary site of inflammation reacted with greater reflex swelling, when compared to the first cycle. Similarly, reflex increases in temperature occurred when CaPPD was injected. These reflex increases in swelling and temperature may relate to signs and symptoms of patients with reflex neurovascular dystrophy or shoulder--hand syndrome.

Animals

Temporal changes in histone acetylation.

The incorporation of tritiated acetate was studied in developing and aging rats. Thymus, liver and serum were collected 30 minutes after injection of acetate. The trichloroacetic acid precipitable histone fraction was then extracted from liver and thymus and its radioactivity determined. Serum and cytoplasmic fractions were also counted. Serum activity declined with age. Thymus histone and cytoplasmic fractions showed a cyclic pattern. Acetylation of liver histones showed a straight line decline to a relatively constant level. The decline in acetylation of liver histones is postulated to be due to repression of acetylation processes and is thought to parallel the change of hepatocytes from a diploid to a polyploid state.

Acetates

A new mechanical method for measuring rat paw edema.

A new method is presented for measuring swelling or rat paw edema in inflammation induced by carrageenin injection. This technique is compared to other widely used ones. A spring-loaded dial indicator produces results that are accurate, precise and reproducible. It is recommended for investigators seeking the advantages of a noninvasive, low cost, rapid method quantifying the swelling of inflammation.

Animals

Prostaglandin A2 and 35S uptake in connective tissue.

Rats deficient in essential fatty acids (EFA) incorporated lesser amounts of radioactive sulfate into lung, kidney, spleen, heart, costal cartilage, long bone and skull bone than did normal control animals. Administration of prostaglandin A2 stimulated 35S uptake by lung, kidney and aorta while 35S levels in costal cartilage, tibial cap and long bone were strikingly reduced. Comments are presented suggesting that this metabolic mechanism may explain, in part, cartilage and bone resorption in areas of inflammation, such as arthritis, both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Animals

Hydroxyapatite crystal-induced inflammation and prostaglandin E1.

Hyroxyapatite (HOAp), tribasic calcium phosphate, crystals induced typical signs of inflammation when injected into the footpad of the rat. Rats deficient in essential fatty acids (EFA) and thereby deficient in prostaglandins (PG) demonstrated less swelling than did normal controls. Similar reduced inflammatory swelling resulted from the use of HOAp crystals heated to 200 degrees C. The reduced inflammogenic effect of the heated crystal and the reduced response of the EFA-deficient rat were comparable and were corrected by adding PGE1. This PGE1 influence was of short duration in both test systems. A new theory of crystal induced inflammation is presented based on experiments using PGE1 with monosodium urate, calcium pyrophosphate and HOAp crystals. It is suggested that this inflammation is a membrane phenomenon related to synthesis or release of PG from cellular membranes stimulated by an electrostatic force from the crystals.

Animals

Serum beta-endorphin in rheumatic disorders.

Serum beta-endorphin levels have been determined in patients with a wide variety of rheumatic disorders as well as a group of healthy men and women controls. Normal levels of endorphin have been found in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, pseudogout and psoriatic arthritis have diminished levels of endorphins. Speculation is offered to explain these changes. Perturbations in endorphins are postulated to be part of the organism's protective mechanism in inflammatory arthritis.

Adult