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Biomedical subjects

M Pillay

Publications and source records attributed to M Pillay.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Dosimetric consequences of interstitial extravasation following i.v. administration of a radiopharmaceutical.

The worst case radiation dose to tissue due to inadvertent intravenous injection of a radiopharmaceutical was estimated for the most commonly utilised radioisotopes. The probability of radiation injury induction was examined for the various radionuclides considering the maximal specific activity values encountered in diagnostic practice. A possible approach to the management of incidents involving extravasal activity deposition is discussed.

Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materi↗
PubMed1987

A comparative study of myocardial infarct detection using Tc99m pyrophosphate and In111 DTPA antimyosin (R11D10 Fab).

A crossover study to examine the potential of In111 antimyosin Fab fragment to detect fresh myocardial infarcts in comparison with Tc99m pyrophosphate is reported. In 27 cases indium antimyosin correctly diagnosed 19 patients with infarcts and 4 true negatives. There were also 2 false positive and 2 false negative scintigrams. Tc99m pyrophosphate detected 21 infarcts and 6 true negatives correctly.

Diphosphates↗
PubMed1986

Complement (C3) metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus in relation to the disease course.

Metabolic turnover studies of complement components (C3) provide a direct insight into the dynamics of the complement regulation (synthesis and catabolism). To obtain information about the role of the complement system in relation to the disease course in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prospective study was performed. The results of the C3 turnover studies were also correlated to the complement levels (C3) and to the presence of C3 conversion products (C3d) in circulation. In nearly all SLE patients (in 21 of the 26 metabolic turnover studies) a C3 hypercatabolism was found, with a quantitative difference depending on the disease phase. In the period preceding an exacerbation an impaired C3 synthesis was observed (in three of the four studies), in contrast to SLE patients in stable disease phase where in one case only a decrease C3 synthesis was calculated (1 out of 15 observations). A linear correlation was found between the serum C3-levels and the ratio of C3d/C3, suggesting that both serologic parameters are quantitatively indicative for C3 hypercatabolism. The study shows that in all SLE patients, irrespective of the disease stage, an increased C3 consumption is found, which supports the concept that a chronic inflammatory process is constantly present.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Temporary blindness and eclampsia. A report of 2 cases.

Temporary blindness in 2 patients with eclampsia was associated with oedema of the occipital lobe of the brain. In addition 1 patient had retinal detachment. Management included the use of mannitol, dexamethasone and furosemide to reduce cerebral oedema. Both patients recovered their vision within 48 hours of this management.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The HELLP (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count) syndrome in severe hypertensive crises of pregnancy--does it exist?

The HELLP syndrome, comprising haemolysis, elevated liver enzyme values and a low platelet count, was studied in 26 women with hypertensive crises of pregnancy and in matched controls. Platelet counts and bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and haematocrit levels together with peripheral blood smears were studied on the day of admission and on the 7th day after delivery. Only 1 woman with pre-eclampsia was found to have had the HELLP syndrome; the case report is presented and the laboratory investigations are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

First-pass left ventricular ejection fraction with 95mAu on a 1/4 in. crystal gamma camera.

First-pass left ventricular ejection fraction was determined in 21 patients using 195mAu. The technical aspects of the application are discussed with particular reference to the thin crystal (1/4 in.) gamma camera. The use of diverse catheter types and combinations were also investigated so that optimal administration of the radionuclide could be achieved.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1977

Some psychological characteristics of patients with anorexia nervosa whose weight has been newly restored.

A preliminary study has served to demonstrate that patients with primary anorexia nervosa whose weight has been newly restored to normal, and who are currently involved in individual and family psychotherapy, are significantly characterized by having very low self-esteem, by being highly sensitive to social interactions and by being 'obsessoid'. It is suggested that, in therapy, specific behavioural approaches to these problems may usefully complement other psychotherapeutic endeavours.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resistance to antituberculosis drugs in rural South Africa: rates, patterns, risks, and transmission dynamics.

This study describes the rate, pattern, and transmission dynamics of, and risk factors for, isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to antituberculosis drugs in a rural South African health district. Twenty-one of 254 (7.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.8-11.4) isolates from incident cases were resistant to at least one drug (isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol). A random sample of 28 otherwise susceptible isolates and all 21 resistant isolates were susceptible to pyrazinamide. There was one case of combined isoniazid/rifampicin resistance. The rate of initial resistance was 8.1% (95% CI 4.9-12.4) and of acquired resistance 6.2% (95% CI 1.9-14.2). Age, sex, known human immunodeficiency virus status, and previous treatment history were not associated with drug resistance. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 13 of the 21 resistant specimens showed 12 different banding patterns. Rates of drug resistance were low in this representative sample of patients from a defined geographical area. Previous treatment history was probably not a risk factor because of the use of multiple drug regimens, directly observed therapy, and high completion rates in those previously treated. Although limited in number, the RFLP data suggested that recent local transmission of resistant strains was not occurring to a significant extent.

Adult↗