Biomedical subjects

M Pistorius

Publications and source records attributed to M Pistorius.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Systemic vasculitis].

Systemic vasculitis is a general term designating a wide range of sometimes overlapping vascular conditions with marked tropism for peripheral constituting a complex nosological structure. Angiologists must be aware of the different telltale clinical signs including purpura, polyarthritis, glomerulonephritis, polyneuritis and unexplained inflammatory syndrome. Medium-sized and small-sized vessels are involved in a wide range of visceral damage. Several typical clinical presentations have led to the individualization of recognized syndromes such as rheumatoid type purpura, Wegener disease, Churg disease, Strauss disease, or peri-arteritis nodosa. Anti-nuclear serologies (pANCA and cANCA) contribute to diagnosis and have been helpful in individualizing a new entity: microscopic polyangeitis. In angiological practice, macroscopic expression of systemic vasculitis can lead to Takayasu type granulomatous angeitis in yong women and giant-cell arteritis in the elderly. These different arteriopathies should be treated by corticosteroid therapy with regular laboratory tests to follow inflammation and angiograhic exploration in case of occlusive arterial complications. Although these conditions are quite rare, a better understanding of their pathogenesis and their clinical course should help the angiologist make the initial diagnosis and the therapist to monitor treatment efficacy.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Cardiac output in paraplegic subjects at high exercise intensities.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare cardiac output (Qc) in paraplegic subjects (P) with wheelchair-confined control subjects (C) at high intensities of arm exercise. At low and moderate exercise intensity Qc was the same at a given oxygen uptake (VO2) in P and C. A group of 11 athletic male P with complete spinal-cord lesions between T6 and T12 and a group of 5 well-matched athletic male C performed maximal arm-cranking exercise and submaximal exercise at 50%, 70% and 80% of each individual's maximal power output (Wmax). Maximal VO2 (VO2max) was significantly lower, VO2max per kilogram body mass was equal and maximal heart rate (fc) was significantly higher in P compared to C. At VO2 of 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 l.min-1, and for P 65%-90% of the VO2max, Qc was not significantly different between the groups, although, Qc in P was achieved with a significantly lower stroke volume (SV) and a significantly higher fc. Although the SV was lower in P, it followed the same pattern as SV in C during incremental exercise, i.e. an increase in SV until about 45% Wmax and thereafter a stable SV. The similar Qc at a given VO2 in both groups indicated that, even at high exercise intensities, circulation in P can be considered isokinetic with a complete compensation by fc for a lower SV.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

The effect of an anti-G suit on the maximal performance of individuals with paraplegia.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether lower body positive pressure (LBPP) could improve maximal performance in paraplegic subjects (P). LBPP may diminish venous blood pooling (VBP) below the lesion and, therefore, support the redistribution of blood during exercise. Twelve male P subjects with complete spinal cord-lesions between T6 and T12, and 13 male able-bodied control subjects (C), performed maximal arm-cranking exercise with and without LBPP (52 mmHg) by means of an anti-gravity suit. P and C subjects had a significantly lower maximal heart rate (HRmax) with LBPP than without (P: 176 +/- 10 vs 184 +/- 7 b.min-1; C: 174 +/- 8 vs 177 +/- 8 b.min-1), whereas maximal power output (Wmax) and oxygen uptake (VO2max) remained unchanged. This suggests that LBPP provides P and C with central hemodynamic benefits. These benefits, however, did not result in improvements in Wmax or VO2max, probably due to other limitations in the complex and closely linked oxygen uptake process. During submaximal exercise the circulatory benefits were more pronounced in P than in C, probably due to the decrease of the VBP by LBPP. The results of this study suggest that LBPP appears to offer both P and C groups a central hemodynamic benefit without improving maximal performance.

Adult↗