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Biomedical subjects

M Plant

Publications and source records attributed to M Plant.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Total oesophagectomy in black patients with cancer of the oesophagus.

Total three-stage oesophagectomy was performed in 24 Black patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third of the oesophagus. The operative mortality rate was 4,2%. The factors which are important in the reduction of operative mortality and morbidity are discussed. Long-term results are not available for this series, but the early results of the operation were encouraging. All the patients who survived could subsequently eat a normal diet and most of those who were employed at the time of their illness were able to return to work.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The first symptoms of carcinoma of the oesophagus, with particular reference to amaqhakuva. A report from the Republic of Transkei.

The first symptoms of cancer of the oesophagus in 82 Xhosa patients were found to be dysphagia (43%), interscapular back pain (23%), sore throat (21%) and epigastric pain (11%). More than half of the patients in whom a sore throat was the first symptom of the disease described the simultaneous occurrence of oropharyngeal lesions (amaqhakuva). No correlation could be found between the first symptoms and the characteristics of the oesophageal carcinoma at the time of presentation.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Drinking careers.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1973

A quantitative comparison between normal and carcinomatous squamous epithelia of the uterine cervix.

The object of this study was to measure some of the differences between normal squamous epithelial cells and cells from invasive squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A total of 107 patients were studied; only those specimens which when assessed by a histopathologist were thought to show classic normal features or undoubted invasive carcinoma were included in the quantitative analysis. In addition, any specimens which at the electron microscope level, showed faulty sampling or preparation were discarded, leaving us with 16 carcinoma and 15 normal specimens for detailed study.The nuclei of tumour cells had a greater area than those of normal cells; histograms of the size distribution of nuclei showed a distinctly different pattern in the 2 groups. Tumour cells had fewer ribosomes in each cubic micron of cytoplasm than had the normal cells and showed a reduction in the amount of intercellular space; in addition, the malignant cells had a smaller surface density and fewer tonofibrils in their cytoplasm. Some tumour cells had a smaller percentage of cell membrane specialized as desmosomes than the corresponding normal cells but all tumour cells had desmosomes of shorter length than normal.Discriminatory analysis, carried out with the help of a computer, allowed all of these variables to be assessed with respect to each other in order to arrive at a numerical score for each specimen. When expressed graphically, these scores showed that the populations of normal and carcinomatous cells fell into 2 separate groups. The significance of these results is discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Truancy and perceived school performance: an alcohol and drug study of UK teenagers.

This study is based on a subsample of 15- and 16-year-old school students from the UK, part of the European School Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). Information was available on truancy rates, perceived school performance, family structure, lifestyle, and usage of alcohol, cigarettes and illicit drugs in 6409 teenagers. Living in a single-parent family, lack of constructive hobbies, presence of psychiatric symptoms, and an aggressive outgoing delinquent lifestyle bore the strongest associations to truancy and to perceived school performance. There were also strong relationships between both these last two variables and use of alcohol, cigarettes, and illicit drugs. However, the effects of alcohol, cigarettes, and illicit drugs were largely accounted for by other variables. Having at least one parent who both supported the respondent and who exercised some control was predictive of better perceived school performance.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Young people and alcohol: an international insight.

A survey of the drinking, smoking and illicit drug use of more than 90 000 teenage school students was carried out in 1999. This exercise, known as the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), revealed marked differences in the substance use patterns of those surveyed in different countries. Teenagers in a group of northern countries reported the highest rates of heavy drinking and intoxication (drunkenness). Teenagers in southern Europe reported much lower levels of such behaviours and experiences. Some of these findings are presented and discussed in relation to aetiology and health promotion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One-month exposure to inhaled endotoxin produces a dose-dependent increase in stored mucosubstances in rat intrapulmonary airways.

This study examined the production of stored mucosubtances in rats after repeated exposure to aerosolized endotoxin, a common contaminant of bioaerosols. Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed to aerosolized saline (sham control) or endotoxin (target concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 micrograms/m3) for 3 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Following the final exposure, the left lung of each animal was lavaged and the right lung and nasal cavity were fixed with buffered formalin. Morphometric examination of Alcian blue/Periodic acid Schiffs-stained (AB/PAS) lung sections demonstrated dose-dependent increases in stored intraepithelial mucosubstances in the intrapulmonary airways of endotoxin-exposed rats. Threefold and eightfold increases in stored mucosubstances were observed in generation 5 airways of animals exposed to 0.5 or 5.0 microgram/m3 endotoxin, respectively (p < .05). This mucous cell metaplasia in the intrapulmonary airways was not accompanied by evidence of lung inflammation or increased AB/PAS-staining high molecular weight material in lavage fluid. Furthermore, despite significant deposition of endotoxin aerosols (mass median aerodynamic diameter of 1.9 microns) in the nasal cavity, no significant changes in stored mucosubstances were observed in the nasal septum. In animals repeatedly exposed to 5.0 micrograms/m3 endotoxin and allowed to recover for 1 month, stored mucosubstances in the intrapulmonary airway were still more than fivefold greater than control values. Thus, in rats, repeated exposure to inhaled endotoxin produced a persistent mucous cell metaplasia only in the intrapulmonary airways.

Administration, Inhalation↗