Biomedical subjects

M Príkazská

Publications and source records attributed to M Príkazská.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Trends in the incidence of salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis in the Czech Republic].

Salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis are the most frequently reported acute enteric diseases of infectious origin in the Czech Republic. Epidemiological data on salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis have been reportable in this country since 1951 and 1984, respectively. In 2003, 53,486 cases of acute enteric infections were reported: 26,899 (52%) diagnosed as salmonellosis and 20,063 (almost 40%) diagnosed as campylobacteriosis. In 1989, the annual incidence of salmonellosis was three times as high as in the previous year, the upward trend continued until 1995 (528/100,000) and since 1998 the salmonellosis incidence rates have been declining. The incidence of campylobacteriosis showed a progressive increase since 1984 to peak in 2002 with a following slight decline in 2003. Morbidity from salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis is highest in the age group 0-4-year-olds. The most frequent causative agents are Salmonella Enteritidis (96%) and Campylobacter jejuni, respectively. Both infections are foodborne. Ready-to-eat meals, poultry, confectionery and eggs seem to be most frequently implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis in public catering and families. Sporadic cases of campylobacteriosis are mostly associated with ingestion of poultry and chopped meat. The incidence rates of these two infections are positively correlated with the average daily temperatures.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

Changes in acute phase proteins after anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody (infliximab) treatment in patients with Crohn's disease.

Acute phase proteins and markers of proteosynthetic activity reflect the clinical activity in Crohn's disease (CD). The impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody (anti-TNF) therapy on serum levels of acute phase proteins and proteosynthetic markers was studied. Fourteen patients with active CD were treated with 5 mg per kg of anti-TNF in intravenous infusion. Clinical activity (assessed by Crohn's disease activity index - CDAI), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, cholinesterase and prealbumin were assessed before and in months 1 and 5 after treatment. A sustained decrease in CDAI was observed. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin in month 1 (p=0.005 and p=0.01, respectively) while in month 5 the levels of both acute phase proteins rose significantly (p=0.003 for alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and p=0.02 for haptoglobin). Cholinesterase and prealbumin significantly increased in month 1 after the treatment (p=0.02 and p=0.0006, respectively), the increase was sustained in cholinesterase while prealbumin levels diminished in month 5. We conclude that the clinical improvement after anti-TNF therapy for CD is accompanied by changes of acute phase proteins and proteosynthetic markers. The assessment of these laboratory markers may be useful in the management of CD patients treated with anti-TNF.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Different patterns of serum interleukin 10 response to treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody (infliximab) in Crohn's disease.

Administration of anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody (anti-TNF, infliximab) down-regulates T helper 1 (Th 1) cytokines production in intestinal mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is thought to be involved in CD pathogenesis through regulation of the Th 1 response. The aim of this study was to determine the IL-10 response in CD patients treated with anti-TNF. Fourteen patients with active CD received 5 mg/kg of infliximab; clinical activity assessed by Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), alpha1-acid glycoprotein and serum IL-10 were determined before and after treatment, in month 0, 1 and 5. In the group with a good clinical response, IL-10 levels diminished significantly in month 1 (p<0.05) and remained decreased in month 5. The group with a lower response showed a significant increase in IL-10 levels in month 1 (p<0.05). alpha1-acid glycoprotein levels obtained before treatment were significantly elevated in the group with a good clinical response (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in month 1 was observed in this group (p<0.05). These observations suggest that a pattern of IL-10 response might be related to the clinical response to anti-TNF treatment in CD.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Thrombomodulin as a marker of endothelium damage in some clinical conditions.

Background: Thrombomodulin (TM) is a membrane glycoprotein in the vascular endothelium. It may be cleaved from endothelial cells and released into the circulation. The plasma TM level depends on the integrity of the endothelium and the clearance of the molecule. The physiological role of soluble TM forms is still unclear. The clinical significance of elevated levels of TM in various pathologic conditions is not well established yet. To analyze variations of plasma TM level in different clinical situations, its concentrations in patients with three groups of diseases were measured and compared with those in healthy subjects. Methods: Plasma samples from 23 patients at risk for development of vascular complications [essential hypertension (EH), stages 1 and 2], 31 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases [Crohn's disease (IBD), mostly in the active stage], and 19 patients with malignant tumors [gastric carcinoma (NEO)], were analyzed for soluble TM with an enzyme immunoassay kit. Results: In the group of patients with the early stages of EH and with non-active IBD, no significant changes were found in comparison to the healthy subjects. In the patients with active IBD and mainly with NEO, soluble TM was significantly increased (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Our TM levels failed to demonstrate increased endothelial damage in the early stage of EH. This suggests that TM is released into the plasma only by true endothelial cell damage during the development of vascular complications. Probably a certain degree of endothelial injury is necessary for an increase in plasma. In the active stage of IBD and in NEO, soluble TM appears to be derived not only from injured endothelial cells, but may also be proteolytically cleaved from membrane TM by proteases. There may also be increased synthesis of TM in activated and/or transformed cells.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

[Nutrition and Crohn's disease].

The relationships between non-specific inflammatory bowel disease and nutrition is considered. One of the hypotheses holds that environmental factors, especially those in dietary intake, can be the initiators of intestinal inflammation. In this connection authors examined a group of patients suffering from Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis. Results observed in patients with Crohns disease indicate: preferred consumption of flour products, decreased intake of vegetables and fruit, lowered tolerance to milk and milk products, increased sugar consumption, increased proportion of smokers, no differences in diet regimen between nick and healthy subjects. (Tab. 3, Ref. 16.)

Crohn Disease↗

PubMed1996

[Crohn's disease and symptoms of appendicitis].

Retrospective analysis of 47 patients surgically treated at the IInd Surgical Clinic LFUK due to Crohn's disease and its complications indicates that in 16.3% of patients the diagnosis of Crohn's disease was stated in coincidence with laparotomy which had been indicated due to the suspicion of appendicitis. The reasons of this situation, as well as the recommendation of surgical tactics are analysed. (Tab. 3, Ref. 11.)

Appendectomy↗

PubMed1996

[Crohn's disease in the adult population in Slovakia].

The requirement of preparing a fundamental epidemiological study concerning the incidence of Crohn's disease in Slovakia became very important after the splitting of Czecho-Slovakia. The authors in cooperation with the regional gastroenterologists present the study concerning the incidence of this inflammatory bowel disease in the Slovak Republic up to 30th April 1994. The multidimensional Kruskal-Wallis test for analyzing statistical differences in incidence of Crohn's disease according to age, sex, and regions was used. Cluster analysis was used for investigation of the regional differences. This study has shown that there is 6.75 cases of Crohn's disease per 100 000 inhabitants in Slovakia. There are no differences in incidence rate of Crohn's disease between the regions. There are differences between the districts: some of districts have both, absolutely and relatively high number of cases, and in another districts, young people are more involved in the analysed disease. The highest age specific incidence rate of Crohn's disease was between 30-49 years. (Tab. 1, Fig. 7, Ref. 14.)

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[What is the value of clinical symptoms in the diagnosis of nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease?].

Due to controversial evaluation of the contribution of clinical signs for the diagnosing of non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, as well as due to the lack of similar data, we tried to find our own answer to the question as to whether the clinical signs of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (MC) are helpful, unhelpful, or even confusing for the diagnosis. A group of patients with MC and UC was analyzed from this aspect. Individuals in their twenties and thirties prevailed in the sample, mostly intellectual workers, the number of males and females was equal. Our attempt to analyze all the available diagnostic methods originated in an observation that a long period of health problems precedes the diagnosis of MC, namely 1.5 y in males and as long as 4 y in females. Other striking information was that surgery represented the initial treatment in 66% of cases and the correct diagnosis was made peroperatively only in 56% of cases. We compared our results with those of the OMGE study, one of the largest projects which evaluated positively the contribution of clinical signs to the diagnosing of MC and UC. We found that the main signs of CU have not changed in the last century, and some additional signs occur rather due to complications than due to the disease per se. Frequency of pain increased by 25% in our patients, and approximately 1/3 of it represented intermittent pain caused by tenesms. Pain in MC must be properly analyzed in order to discriminate acute appendicitis. Other indicators did not differ from the OMGE study. In accordance with its results, we confirmed the importance of correct evaluation of clinical signs for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of UC and MC. The number of diagnostic methods still increases. Their validity must be continuously re-evaluated, however the clinical examination in the dynamic process stays to be of crucial value.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Affective symptomatology in patients with nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases].

The authors analyze the results of research focused affective symptomatology in 297 patients with non-specific inflammatory intestinal diseases--ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The results confirmed that 50% of the patients suffer from intense or very intense neurotic symptoms and 20% from a depressive symptomatology of similar intensity. Item analysis suggests predominance of symptoms of vegetative lability, neurasthenia and cognitive depressive symptoms. The extent of affective symptomatology is only to a small degree sex-dependent. Negative factors include a lower level of education and living in a permanent partnership.

Affective Symptoms↗

PubMed1992

[Obesity and osteoarthritic changes in the lower extremities].

The purpose of the radiologic examination carried out in 124 obese subjects was to determine degenerative changes on the coxae and knees and entesopathy on the calices in relation to the degree and duration of obesity and the age of the subjects examined. The direct correlation established between the degree of obesity and each of the three parameters studied was most marked with respect to the knees of obese women. In a considerable number of subjects, changes of the coxae were found to develop also at a relatively low overweight. The highest rate of pathological changes was recorded in obese subjects with overweight lasting several decades or even throughout life. In the younger age group pathologic changes were observed in 10-30% of subjects, whereas of those in the 6th decade of life up to 96% were affected. The findings clearly show a direct relationship between the degree and duration of obesity as well as the age of the subjects and the extent of pathologic changes on the skeleto-tendinous apparatus of the lower extremities. Overweight appears to be a potential etiological and definitely a contributing factor of osteoarthrosis of the lower extremities and particularly of the knee. (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 10).

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Pain and osteoarticular changes in obese persons].

Obesity was confirmed as a possible aetiological and certainly promoting factor in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). One of the first clinical symptoms of OA is pain which does not always correspond with the X-ray picture of the damaged joint. The authors examined 11,124 obese subjects where they investigated X-ray changes of the hip joints, knees and heels and selected clinical symptoms. They correlated them with the degree of obesity, the duration of obesity and the subjects age. They revealed a direct correlation between the development of OA and all the investigated parameters. An alarming finding was that arthritis changes developed in the hip joints also in half the subjects with minor overweight and in particular that in one third of the obese subjects in the second and third decade pathological changes of the joints are present without causing subjects complaints. During a prolonged reducing regime attention must be paid to the possible development of osteopenia which may be also the source of pain. Obese subjects suffer pain also from nodes of non-inflammatory proliferated subcutaneous adipose tissue, venous insufficiency and trophic skin changes.

Adult↗

PubMed1986