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Biomedical subjects

M Pratila

Publications and source records attributed to M Pratila.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

A comparative study between a calcium channel blocker (Nicardipine) and a combined alpha-beta-blocker (Labetalol) for the control of emergence hypertension during craniotomy for tumor surgery.

We compared the efficacy of the combination of enalaprilat/labetalol with that of enalaprilat/nicardipine to prevent emergence postcraniotomy hypertension. A prospective, randomized open labeled clinical trial was designed to compare the incidence of breakthrough hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] > 140 mm Hg) and adverse effects (hypotension, tachycardia, and bradycardia) between the two drug combinations. Secondarily, the effects of the drugs on SBP, mean blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were evaluated over the course of the study. Forty-two patients received enalaprilat 1.25 mg IV at dural closure followed by either multidose nicardipine 2 mg IV or labetalol 5 mg IV to maintain the SBP below 140 mm Hg. SBP was similarly controlled in both groups. There was a marginally smaller incidence of failures and adverse effects with labetalol. Blood pressure profiles were similar for both groups.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Anesthesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in pediatric outpatients.

Appropriate sedation of pediatric oncology patients during painful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is a recognized problem. At the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center the pediatric oncologists and anesthesiologists have developed a cooperative program that has provided safe and effective sedation of outpatients. The experience with 100 consecutive outpatients is reported. Patients ranged from 3 months to 17 years of age. Procedures included lumbar puncture and/or intrathecal chemotherapy, multiple bone marrow aspirations, bone marrow biopsies, and removal of indwelling central vein catheters. Monitoring of patients during the procedures as well as various pharmacologic techniques to provide adequate working conditions are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition by enflurane and methoxyflurane of postdrive hyperpolarization in canine Purkinje fibers.

When a pacemaker cell is driven with a train of stimuli at a rate faster than its own, the termination of the drive is followed by a transient hyperpolarization, due to the activity of an electrogenic Na+-K+ pump. In this study, the effect of the halogenated ethers, enflurane and methoxyflurane, on postdrive hyperpolarization (PDH) was determined in cardiac Purkinje fibers. The fibers were removed from freshly excised canine hearts and superfused with a Tyrode's solution (containing 2.7 or 3.5 mM K+). The preparation was paced at 0.2 Hz before and after drives, and at 2 Hz during drives. Under control conditions, drives of 2 min produced a PDH of 5.5 +/- 0.2 mV. Enflurane (1.5-5%) significantly reduced the PDH. At 4 to 5%, enflurane reduced the PDH to a mean value of 42% of the control. Methoxyflurane was more potent than enflurane in affecting the PDH. At 0.5 to 0.75%, methoxyflurane reduced the PDH to 5% of the control. At higher (1-1.5%) concentrations of methoxyflurane, the PDH was converted to a depolarization, which varied between 0.5 and 8.0 mV. The PDH was restored to control levels within 10 to 20 min after washout of either anesthetic agent. Methoxyflurane (0.5 or 1%) enhanced the automaticity of spontaneously firing cells (2.35 mM K+ Tyrode's solution used). This positive chronotropic action coincided with a depolarization of 2 to 8 mV. Enflurane, at concentrations of 3 to 5%, gave similar results. On the action potential, methoxyflurane, at 1%, reduced the amplitude and duration (measured at 50% repolarization) of the plateau, and also the maximal upstroke velocity (+Vmax) of the rising phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Action Potentials↗