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Biomedical subjects

M Procházka

Publications and source records attributed to M Procházka.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Occurrence of gene mutations in factor V Leiden, prothrombin and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in patients with pre-eclampsia].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to detect the incidence of thrombophilia FV Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR C677T, resistance to activated protein C, and deficiency of protein C and S in pregnant or puerperal women with preeclampsia and control group. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Hemato-oncology, Medical Faculty, Palacký University, Olomouc. METHODS: The group of 38 women with confirmed diagnosis of preeclampsia were examined for resistance to activated C protein. (Coatest, APC resistence Chromogenix), levels of C and S protein. For the detection of FV:Q506, prothrombin G20210A and MTHFR C677T allels was done by PCR test. The control group had 50 women, chosen randomly. The statistical evaluation was performed by the STATISTICA program. For the analyzing of the continuous variables the Student's T-test was used. Values below p < 0.01 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: Women who suffered from preeclampsia came to mean age of 32.8 +/- 4.3 (years), mean gestational age 33.6 +/- 2.8 (weeks), mean systolic pressure 163 +/- 21 mmHg, diastolic pressure 108 +/- 8 mmHg. All of the results were rendered to be statistically significant in comparison the control group. On the other hand, the results in observed haematologic parameters were not significant (Preeclampsia/controls). FV Leiden--heterozygous subjects 4/3, prothrombin G20210A 1/0, C677T heterozygous subjects 12P10, C677T 2/0, protein C and S deficiency 2(0. Resistance to activated C protein was found in 14 (37%) patients, in comparison to 6 (12%) in the control group (p = 0.0073). CONCLUSION: We didn't find any difference in the prevalence of genetic mutations in patients with preeclampsia compared to the control group. The prevalence of APC resistance was statistically higher in preeclamptic patients compared to the control group.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed2003

[Matrix metalloproteinases, embryo implantation and tumor invasion].

OBJECTIVE: To summarise which metalloproteinases and specific inhibitors have been already described, their regulatory mechanisms, the connection with implantation and in cases of tumour invasion. In conclusion we would like to point to the possibilities of practical use of this information. DESIGN: A literature review. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Palacký University, Olomouc. ABSTRACTS: Metalloproteinases are important for many biological processes including for instance cell proliferation, differentiation and remodelation of extracellular matrix (ECM) or vascularisation and cell migration. These events are in progress during organogenesis both in the normal development and in tumour progression. Mechanisms of activity of metalloproteinases during these processes include proteolysis of growth factors which in this way become available to cells. The motion of cells through tissues and fission of signal receptors made possible by degradation of the ECM is vital for cell migration. The majority of these processes requires a balanced equilibrium between the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their natural tissue inhibitors (TIMP). It is precisely this equilibrium between metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors that is decisive for the site and extent trophoblast invasion during embryo implantation and as well as for the cell invasion during tumour progression. In our literary review we would like to shortly summarize which metalloproteinases and specific inhibitors have been already described and what are their regulatory mechanisms. Which of them were detected in tissues in connection with implantation and which are most often expressed in cases of tumour invasion. In conclusion we would like to point to the possibilities of practical use of this information.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Early maternal and neonatal morbidity after spontaneous and surgically-assisted vaginal delivery].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differences in early maternal and neonatal morbidity after spontaneous delivery, forceps delivery and vacuum-extraction. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Palacký University, Olomouc. METHODS: The database of 8196 deliveries at our department in the time period from January 1995 till September 2000 revealed 183 of forceps deliveries and 217 of vacuum-extractions. The control group included 200 randomly selected parturients with spontaneous vaginal delivery. The early maternal morbidity was evaluated according to the following parameters: perineal tears of the IIIrd + IVth degree, duration of hospitalization, average blood loss, the need of analgetics, dehiscence of episiotomy requiring resuture, febrilies and administration of antibiotics. The early neonatal morbidity evaluation was based on the incidence of cephalhematomas, the incidence of hyperbilirubinaemia, duration of hospitalization, signs of fetal hypoxia (pH, Apgar score), gestational age, birthweight and the presence of intracranial and retinal bleeding. The statistical significance of the differences in the frequency of the above parameters was evaluated. RESULTS: Spontaneous deliveries were associated with lower maternal morbidity according to the most of studied parameters. Vacuum-extraction had a lower frequency of maternal postpartum complications compared to forceps deliveries. Statistically valid differences were however found only at perineal tears of the IIIrd + IVth degree and at administration of analgetic and antibiotics. The use of vacuum-extraction seems to be connected with a higher risk of cephalhematomas (p = 0.0051) and longer duration of hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: From the point of view of early maternal morbidity the assisted vaginal delivery by vacuumextraction gives better results than by forceps. However vacuum-extraction increases the risk of cephalhematomas at newborn.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed2003

[Significance of matrix metalloproteinases in pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To summarise which metalloproteinases and specific inhibitors have been already described, their regulatory mechanisms in obstetric complications. DESIGN: A literature review. SETTING: Department of Gynecology Obstetric and University Hospital, Palacký University, Olomouc. ABSTRACTS: The invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells into the maternal endometrium is one of the key events in human placentation. The ability of these cells to infiltrate the uterine wall and to anchor the placenta to it as well as their ability to infiltrate and adjust utero-placental vessels to pregnancy depends, among other things, on their ability to secrete enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix. Most of these enzymes belong to the family of matrix metalloproteinases. In the literature review, we focus on the role of these proteases in normal pregnancy as well as on their importance in the development of some pregnancy complications.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Predictive features of positron emission tomography after two cycles of induction therapy in malignant lymphoma].

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a modern functional imaging method, recently introduced to clinical oncology. The aim of our study was the evaluation of prognostic value of PET performed in malignant lymphoma patients after two cycles of chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: From 9/99 to 11/00 PET was performed in 37 patients with malignant lymphoma (9x m. Hodgkin, 21x HG + IG-NHL, 7x LG-NHL; 26x new diagnosis, 11x relaps of disease). Freedom from progression interval (FFP) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Attenuation corrected PET imaging was done by dedicated ECAT EXACT PET scanner from base of the skull to the upper thighs 1 hour after intravenous administration of 18-FDG (7.6 +/- 1.3 MBq/kg). Statistical analysis was done using Kaplan-Meier method. Significance of differences between groups was determined by log-rank test on the level of 5%. After the induction therapy, 30 patients were in complete remission, 3 patients in partial remission and in 4 cases progression of disease were observed. Progression of disease was seen in 4 patients. Median follow up of living patients was 7 months (1-13 months) from the end of therapy. Progression, resp. relapse of disease occurred in 13 patients during this period, two patients died. PET performed after the second course of therapy was positive in 18 patients and negative in 19 patients. Two progressions, resp. relapses of disease were documented in PET-negative group and 11 in PET-positive group. FFP was significantly different in PET positive and PET negative groups (p < 0.05). The negative and positive predictive values of PET for malignant lymphoma relapse or progression were estimated 89%, 63% respectively. CONCLUSION: Regardless the short follow-up period, our preliminary results reflect very good prognostic value of PET performed after the second course of chemotherapy in malignant lymphoma patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Antepartal cardiotocography and doppler flowmetry in the diagnosis of fetal hypoxia ].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by analysis of the most serious obstetric cases during a five-year period the contribution of ante-partum CTG and Doppler flowmetry in the diagnosis of foetal risk and to assess the part of risk factors of hypoxia during pregnancy. DESIGN: Retrospective epidemiological analysis. SETTING: Gynaecological and Obstetric Clinic Medical Faculty Palacký University and Faculty Hospital Olomouc. METHOD: In a retrospective analysis based on 6494 deliveries during a five-year period (1996-2000) the authors evaluate a selected sample of 1087 most serious conditions with the diagnosis of imminent foetal hypoxia. In the evaluated group 90.3% of the women had a cardiotocographic examination, 50.8% Doppler flowmetry with assessment of umbilical RI and PI indexes. The diagnosis of neonatal hypoxia was based on evaluation according to Apgar score < 7 and pH of arterial blood < 7.20. The authors compare both diagnostic methods with a common gold standard as regards their ability to predict hypoxia. In the logistic regression model they evaluate risk factors of pregnancy in relation to foetal hypoxia. RESULTS: Clinical manifestations of hypoxia were recorded in 114 neonates (10.5%). Perinatal deaths occurred in 46 infants, 16 were stillborn. Pathological ante-partum CCTG findings are associated with more active approaches (earlier termination of pregnancy, SC, preinduction by prostaglandins). Pathological ante-partum CTG and flowmetry was paradoxically more frequently associated with a better condition of the neonate. Pathological findings of ante-partum CTG were significantly less frequent in neonates with hypoxia than those without it (27%) vs. (40.9%), (relative risk 0.56 [95% CL 0.36-0.88], P = 0.01) while pathological findings of umbilical flowmetry were insignificantly more frequent (34.9%) vs. (33%), (relative risk 1.08 [95% Cl 0.59-1.97], P = 0.9). Both examinations were made in 547 (50.3%) women of the whole group, in 43 (7.9%) hypoxia of the foetus developed. Sensitivity: CTG 32.6%, Doppler 34.9%, Specificity: CTG 51.4%, Doppler 67.3%. Falsely positive CTG 48.6%, Doppler 32.7%. Analysis of risk factors of pregnancy in relation to foetal hypoxia defines by retrospective elimination as significant risks haemorrhage during pregnancy (n = 76, OR 2.35 [95% Cl 1.31-4.23], P = 0.01) and premature delivery (n = 258, OR 2.02 [95% Cl 1.34-3.05], P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION: The value of ante-partum CTG and Doppler flowmetry in the prognosis of neonatal hypoxia is low. The lower rate of pathological findings in affected neonates is probably associated with the fact that part of the hypoxias develop during delivery and cannot be predicted before delivery. The high number of falsely positive findings may by due by the adaptational abilities and reserves of the infant, by a more active approach when there are signs of danger and incorrect interpretation of findings. Premature delivery and haemorrhage are significant risks of neonatal hypoxia.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Activated protein C resistance and deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to detect the incidence of resistance to activated protein C in pregnant or puerperal women with confirmed diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dept. of Haemato-oncology, Medical Faculty, Palacky University, Olomouc. METHODS: The group of 33 women with confirmed deep venous thrombosis were examined for resistance to activated C protein. The levels of C and S proteins, antithrombin III., prothrombin, heparin II cofactor and plasminogen were measured. Patient with APC ratio below 1.86, were tested by PCR analysis for the detection of the FV:Q506 allele. The control group had 51 pregnant women, chosen randomly. The statistical evaluation was performed by STATISTICA program. For the analyzing of the continuous variables the Students' T-test was used. For the categorical variables the chi 2 test was used (for comparison of 2 relative values). Values below P < 0.01 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: Women who have shown to suffer from deep venous thrombosis (DVT) came to the mean age of 31 +/- 3.1 years, weight 75.3 +/- 7.9 kg and BMI 28.7 +/- 4.3. All of the results above were rendered to be statistically significant. 54.5% of thrombosis occurred in the 3rd trimester, 61% were localised to the left iliofemoral vein. APC resistance appeared in 17 (51%) women with DVT, in comparison to 5 (9.8%) women in the control group (i.e. statistically significant). Factor V appeared in II (33.3%) women, in comparison to 3 (5.9%) women in the control group. CONCLUSION: APC resistance and factor V. Leiden represent as important factors in the aetiology of deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed2000

Surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy of porphyrin and metalloporphyrin species in systems with Ag nanoparticles and their assemblies.

The advantages of systems with Ag nanoparticles and their assemblies for surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) spectral investigation, detection and determination of porphyrin species are demonstrated. SERRS spectral detection limits of the testing porphyrin species (including porphyrin aggregates) in these systems are shown to be, on average, 10(2)-10(3) lower than detection limits by resonance Raman scattering (RRS). Systems with Ag nanoparticles modified by anionic organosulfur spacers enable us to obtain SERRS spectra of unperturbed cationic porphyrin species. In the case of thiopheneacetate-modified Ag particles prepared by laser ablation, no negative effect of the spacer on the spectral detection limit of the porphyrin was observed. Systems with isolated Ag nanoparticles allow for obtaining SERRS spectra of porphyrin species upon excitation into the Soret electronic absorption band which leads to at least a 10-fold decrease in the detection limit.

Metalloporphyrins↗
PubMed2000

[Cervix length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography in women with twin pregnancy--prospective study].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cervical length in twin pregnancies measured by transvaginal ultrasonography. DESIGN: A prospective clinical study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty of Palacky, Olomouc, Czech republic. METHODS: Clinical data of cervical length in twin pregnancies measured by transvaginal ultrasonography were summarized. RESULTS: 69% of patients delivered after 36th week of gestation, mean gestational age at the time of delivery was 35.5 week. Mean cervical length measured bi-weekly from the 16th till 34th week was 34.9, 34.6, 33.8, 33.2, 29.7, 28.7, 29.1, 28.4, 23.6, 22.8 mm. The creation of the funneling was recorded in more than 80% of patients with preterm delivery at the mean gestational age 23 week. Mean cervical length in patients delivered before 36th week was in the 23rd week of gestation 21.5 mm, while in woman delivered near term was average cervical length 33.1 mm. Genital infection in patients with preterm labours was present in 27%. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal ultrasonography seems to be a useful method in antenatal care of risk pregnancies with twins.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1997

[Surgical treatment of hepatic metastases].

The authors analysed the possibilities of surgical treatment of hepatic secondaries in a group of 69 patients where resection of the liver was performed. Most frequently secondaries of carcinoma of the large intestine and rectum were resected (40 patients). As to different operations in 12 patients left-sided lateral lobectomy; right-sided lateral lobectomy was performed in 8, segmentectomy in 26 and in 23 wedge-shaped resection. During the postoperative period local complications developed in 5 patients and two were treated on account of pneumonia. The mean period of survival in patients operated on account of secondaries of the large intestine and rectum was 19 months.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Indications for resection of the liver in benign and malignant diseases].

Based on the analysis of a group of 184 patients where resection of the liver was performed, the authors describe the procedure of the preoperative examination and indications for resection. The diagnostic algorithm comprises in addition to ultrasonography, computed tomography supplemented by selective angiography. In central foci moreover magnetic resonance is used. From the total number of patients operated during the period from 1978 to 1993 in 58 the resection was on account of benign disease (most frequently cysts), in 61 on account of primary liver tumours (most frequently haemangiomas) and in 65 on account of metastases in the liver (most frequently from colorectal carcinoma). The early postoperative mortality was 2.8% (five patients).

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

[Principles and possibilities in the treatment of multiple injuries].

The authors describe the therapeutic results in 135 patients with multiple injuries hospitalized at the Surgical Clinic of the Third Medical Faculty, Charles University in 1981-1990. The authors analyze the procedure in the treatment of these patients which is provided by the most experienced surgeon in collaboration with his assistant. A stage-by-stage procedure and early indication of operation is the most important aspect of treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Prophylactic treatment of vasospasm with nimodipine in subarachnoid hemorrhage].

Nimodipine, a calcium antagonist, was administered to 33 patients with subarachnoidal haemorrhage as prophylaxis of late ischaemic neurological deficiency. Despite the relatively high frequency of vasospasm during repeated angiographic examinations (27%), the general therapeutic effect in the group of treated patients was favourable. 52% patients improved and had no or only a minimal neurological deficit. Possible mechanisms of the favourable effect of nimodipine in subarachnoidal haemorrhage are mentioned in the discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Use of Nutramin VLI Spofa for parenteral nutrition in the early post-injury period in polytrauma].

The solution of branched-chain amino acids of gradually increasing concertration ranging from 22.7 to 43 per cent was administered to 15 patients with polytrauma as part of parenteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition was started with during 24 hours after the trauma. The effect of parenteral nutrition was objectified by a twenty-four hour balance of water, ions, energy and nitrogen and by a follow-up of kinetics of amino acids in the plasma. It was found out that the increase of the share of branched-chain amino acids up to 43 per cent resulted in a pharmacodynamically efficient level of valine. There occurred gradual adjustment both of the levels of other aminoacids in the plasma and other metabolic changes including the restoration of proteosynthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Parenteral nutrition using branched-chain amino acids (Nutramin VLI Spofa) in the early postoperative period in patients with intra-abdominal inflammatory diseases].

In 19 patients with intraabdominal septic conditions hospitalized at the Surgical Clinic of the Medical Faculty of Hygiene, Charles University, Prague 10 in 1987-1988, the effect of the gradually increasing ratio of branched amino acids administered in parenteral nutrition was investigated. The administration of branched amino acids (Nutramin VLI Spofa) was started already on the first day after operation. By increasing the ratio to 43% of branched amino acids gradual normalization of metabolic changes occurred, incl. normalization of free amino acid plasma levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Noxythiolin VUFB as part of antimicrobial prophylaxis and therapy in inflammatory intraabdominal complications in surgery].

The author investigated the antimicrobial action of noxythioline, prepared by the Research Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry in Prague, in laboratory work as well as under clinical conditions. In the laboratory investigation the author assessed the minimal inhibitory concentration against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria within the range of 512-2048 mg/l, which is sufficient from the aspect of the noxythioline concentration (2.5%) used in clinical work. In the clinical part of the investigation noxythioline was administered to 58 patients hospitalized at the surgical clinic of the Medical Faculty of Hygiene in Prague in 1988-1989. In 13 patients it was used prophylactically in planned or acute intraabdominal operations. Therapeutically it was used in 45 patients operated mostly on account of intraabdominal diseases complicated by peritonitis or an abscess. Preliminary results confirmed the satisfactory effect of noxythioline VUFB which is comparable with Noxyflex S of Geistlich Co.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1990

[The picture of focal liver disease in ultrasound, computer tomography and angiography].

In a group of 25 patients examined by sonography, computer tomography and angiography with diagnoses confirmed during operation and by histology, the author compared the efficiency of the individual methods and a complex examination. Computer tomography proved to be the most efficient method which enabled, in addition to precise localization, appreciation of size and relation of the pathological focus to adjacent structures, to determine their nature in some. The complex examination in indicated cases significantly increased the diagnostic efficiency.

Angiography↗