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Biomedical subjects

M Prost

Publications and source records attributed to M Prost.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclocryotherapy for glaucoma. Evaluation of techniques.

Clinical results of cyclocryotherapy reported by various authors have been contradictory. This is partly due to considerable differences in technique. In this paper, details of the technique of cyclocryotherapy are reviewed in order to determine the most effective protocol of treatment. Parameters such as temperature, duration, probe placement, diameter of the tip, pressure exerted on sclera, extent of ciliary body freezing, additional cyclocryotherapy and preparation of patient for treatment are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oxidative stress and human disease. Current knowledge and perspectives for prevention].

DYNAMIC BALANCE: The antibiotic status of the human organism results from the dynamic balance between the antioxidant system and the production of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress occurs when this balance shifts in favor of pro-oxidants as can occur in several disease situations. ROS: Part of the oxygen used by cells is transformed into toxic metabolites, reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be the cause or consequence of tissue and molecular disorders. Some of the most prominent diseases linked with oxidative stress include atherosclerosis, cancer, allergy, neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease. PERSPECTIVES FOR PREVENTION: Actions designed to prevent the environmental cause, such as eviction of a exposure to toxins or a change in eating habits, can be an effective means of reducing the lesions induced. Study of total antioxidant potential could be quite useful for detecting and monitoring environmental damage and for clinical follow-up. It could also help in determining, for each individual, the negative or positive development of a therapy on the anti-free radical action. Treatments must be personalized according to the tested response.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of autonomous chronic pancreatitis (apropos of 147 cases)].

Surgery in chronic pancreatitis gives only poor results: 40 p. 100 of cures or long-term improvements. Apart from certain mistaken indications, three factors are associated with a poor prognosis: calcification, late operation, persistence of alcoholism. However, mechanical complications, such as jaundice, pyloric stenosis, digestive hemorrhage and pseudo-cyst, are the main undoubted indications for operation. The choice of operation depends mainly on the state of Wirsung's duct. Usually, either part of the gland is removed or an internal digestive fistula is performed. Removal of the left lobe of the pancreas gives good results. Cephalic duodeno-pancreatectomy which is satisfactory in the short term, does not give, in the long run, better results than those of drainage operations. Pseudo-cysts are treated by removal when situated in the body or the tail and a drainage operation in the cephalic form. Simple operations should be preferred.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of early cataract changes in the crystalline lens by using in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye].

The aim of the paper was to study with the use of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye the threshold values of the registered light above which one can observe clinically visible opacities of the lens. The performed experiments did not however show any major differences in the values of the registered light between persons with early cataract and control group because of considerable scattering of the results in both these groups. In order to explain the prognostic value of the in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye it is necessary to perform long-term observations of the further fate of persons with high values of the registered light.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of cataract extraction on the results of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye].

The authors compared the results of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye in persons with a normal lens, in patients with aphakia and after an operation of intraocular lens implantation. The results received show that in the range of 400-500 microns half of the light registered by the spectrophotometer is connected with the lens in the eye. This speaks for the assumption that in vivo spectrophotometry in this range of the wave length may be one more method enabling an objective evaluation of the transparency of the lens. In the case of patients after operation of implantation of an intraocular lens the quantity of of the light reaching the retina is only slightly larger than in persons with a normal lens.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transplantation of the retina--the near or distant future?].

In the review the results of the recently published experimental papers concerning transplantations of embryonic retina, retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors are discussed. The results of these studies indicate that in humans transplantation of the whole retina is the matter of the distant future but in the near future one can expect transplantation of the isolated retinal layers namely pigment epithelium and photoreceptors.

Animals↗
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[Results of experimental studies of the possibility of using low temperature in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity].

The purpose of the paper was to study whether the use of cryotherapy can cause decrease of angiogenic activity of the primary avascular retina in kittens with oxygen induced retinopathy. The studies showed that after cryotherapy comes to a considerable decrease of angiogenic activity of this part of the retina. It indicates that cryotherapy should arrest the development of more advanced stages of retinopathy of prematurity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization].

Presented are the causes and actual opinions on the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization. The ischaemic hypothesis of neovascularization is particularly discussed; it is commonly accepted to day as the most probable hypothesis.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Choroid ischemia syndrome].

Presented are the ischemic changes of the choroid on the basis of observation of patients treated in our Department in the course of the last years. In dependence on the advancement of the ischemic changes one can see 3 various types of signs at the fundus. It seems that the most proper name for these changes would be "the choroidal ischaemia syndrome". It is namely a complex of various fundus changes connected by a common pathogenesis but with various kind of causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical studies of the tilted disc syndrome].

Frequency of occurrence of all clinical signs in the tilted disc syndrome was studied in the paper because of variability of clinical picture in this syndrome. The most frequently occurring signs were: tilting of the disc (89%), oblique direction of the vessels (89%) and myopic astigmatism (96%). Other signs were observed less frequently: hypoplastic changes of retina and choroid in 82%, congenital conus in 45% and defects in the visual field in 55%. All sign of the syndrome were seen in 45% od the examined eyes. The most important signs of the syndrome are: tilting of the disc, oblique direction of the vessels and congenital conus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental studies on the role of lactic acid in pathogenesis of neovascularization].

In order to elucidate the controversies whether lactic acid could be the factor responsible for the initiation of neovascularization, the author examined neovascular response of the vessels of the chicken chorioallantoic membrane after implantation of filter discs soaked with different concentrations of this substance. No neovascularization of the vessels of the membrane was seen after implantation of the discs. The results of the study suggest that lactic acid is not the factor which can stimulate neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental studies on the influence of millimeter radiation on light transmission through the lens].

The influence of microwave radiation in millimetre range on the eye has not been investigated so far. However, it is known that microwaves of different wave-length can induce the development of the cataract. Therefore the purpose of the study was to investigate light transmission through the lens after exposure to microwave radiation in millimetre range. The studies were carried out on 22 rats exposed to microwave radiation of 5.6 mm length and power per unit area 10 mW/cm2 or 1 mW/cm2 during 58 days. Light transmission through the isolated lenses was measured spectrophotometrically. Transmission through the lenses was significantly decreased (about 33%) in the rats exposed to microwave radiation of 10 mW/cm2. The results of the study indicate that also microwave radiation in millimetre range can induce changes in the lens, predisposing to cataract development.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental studies on lesions of eye tissues in cobalt intoxication].

The aim of the paper was to examine the influence of cobalt compound on rabbit eye tissues. The lesions in the eyeball were evaluated basing on ophthalmological examination and in light and electron microscopes. The studies revealed that cobalt intoxication caused the following damages in the rabbit retina: oedema and atrophy of nerve fibres, lesions of ganglion, amacrine, bipolar, horizontal cells and nucleus of photoreceptors. Also, obliteration of choroidal vessels and changes in iris and ciliary body were found. Cataract developed in 42% of rabbits and 25% chronic purulent endophthalmitis in 25%. The results of these experimental investigations indicate that further studies on the influence of this metal on human eye tissues are necessary.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiometric studies of eye tissues in experimental cobalt intoxication].

Accumulation of cobalt in eye tissues were examined in rabbits which received the radioactive isotope 60Co Cl2. The studies revealed that this metal is accumulated at first in iris, choroid and ciliary body and, in smaller amounts, in cornea, sclera and retina. The least amounts of cobalt were found in lens. The contents of uveal tract was comparable with that found in heart and lungs, i.e. the organs in which lesions are the most frequent in cobalt intoxication.

Animals↗