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Biomedical subjects

M Puig

Publications and source records attributed to M Puig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Value of ultrasonography in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

The size and the treatment of 135 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) has been analyzed, comparing patients diagnosed by a US screening program (group 1) and these diagnosed outside this program (group 2) to determine whether US screening on patients with chronic liver disease is able to diagnose (HCC) at an early stage. alpha-fetoprotein levels above 500 U/ml were considered as diagnostic. Twenty (46.5%) out of 43 patients from group 1 showed a HCC < 5 cm. vs. 14/92 (15.2%) in group 2 (p = 0.001). Only 5.9% of the HCC < 5 cm. showed AFP > 500 U/ml. vs. 29.7% of the advanced HCC (p = 0.003). 88.3% of patients of group 1 vs. 63% of group 2 received specific treatment for HCC (p = 0.002). By means of US screening it is possible to diagnose HCC of smaller size and more susceptible to treatment. AFP is not useful in the early diagnosis of HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Influence of different upper age limits on the "Years of Potential Life Lost" index.

The use of 65, 70 or 75 years as upper age limits for the "Years of Potential Life Lost" index (YPLL) could influence the relative importance assigned to different causes of premature death. Data from a representative year (1987) in Catalonia (Spain), show that health priorities and comparability among studies are not affected by the use of these upper age limits.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Thyroid lymphoma: a clinico-pathological study].

Five cases of primary lymphoma of the thyroid followed at our hospital during the last decade are reviewed. The clinical and pathological characteristics are analysed and the therapeutical approach described. The age at the diagnosis ranged between 26 and 76 years, with a female versus male predominance (4 out of 5 cases). The commonest clinical feature at presentation was goiter of rapid growth accompanied by compressive symptoms. The pathologic study showed a centrocytic-centroblastic pattern in 3 cases and an immunoblastic lymphoma in the other 2 cases. Associated Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 4 of the patients, and extra-thyroid extension in 2 cases. An immunohistochemical study with different cell membrane markers was performed. The treatment included surgery alone in one case, chemotherapy in one case and radiotherapy in another; combined treatment (surgery plus radiotherapy) was performed in two cases. At present the average follow up period is 4.5 years with a patient having died of an unrelated cause among the five cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The analysis of mortality in urban areas].

BACKGROUND: To investigate health status inequalities in small urban areas, using mortality differences between districts of Reus (pop. 85000), Spain. METHODS: For the period 1986-1988, data from the Civil Register and from death certificates issued indicated 1521 valid cases. Infant mortality, adjusted mortality indices (AMI) and years of potential life lost (YPLL) were calculated for the 17 groups of cause-of-death based on the International Classification of Diseases and Preventable Causes of Death. Both indicators (AMI and YPLL) were studied for each district and for the city as a whole. The exact confidence limits for the Standard Mortality Ratio were calculated. RESULTS: Although AMI and YPLL gave results that were quantitatively very different, districts IV and VIII consistently had the worst indices while districts II and VI had the best. CONCLUSION: Archive data over a period of several years together with exact calculation methods, can demonstrate inequalities in health or in socioeconomic conditions even in small areas. These methods may also be useful in delineating different urban living areas.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Maternal and developmental toxicity of low doses of cytosine arabinoside in mice.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C), an effective drug for the treatment of leukemia and breast cancer, was evaluated for developmental toxicity in pregnant Swiss mice. Ara-C was administered by intraperitoneal injection on gestational days 6-15 at doses of 0, 0.5, 2, and 8 mg/kg/day. Maternal observations included clinical signs, body weight change, food consumption, and gross evaluation of organs and uterine contents at necropsy (day 18). Live fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal alterations. Maternal toxicity was observed at 2 and 8 mg/kg/day, as evidenced by a significant decrease in body weight gain and food consumption during the treatment period. Significantly increased early and late resorptions and reduced number of live fetuses per liter as well as decreased fetal body weight were observed at 8 mg/kg/day. At 2 mg/kg/day, the incidence of cleft palate, renoureteral agenesis or hypoplasia, and poly- or oligodactyly was significantly increased, whereas fetal weight was reduced at 0.5 mg/kg/day. Thus, the developmental no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of Ara-C in the pregnant mouse is lower than 0.5 mg/kg/day, while the NOAEL for maternal toxicity is 0.5 mg/kg/day. We believe that exposure to this agent ought to be avoided during organogenesis.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1990

Induction of mitotic micronuclei by the pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate in cultured human lymphocytes.

The pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate was tested for its ability to induce mitotic micronuclei in cytokinesis-block cells of cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes at concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 micrograms/ml. We observed that fenvalerate induces a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei, indicating clastogenic and/or aneugenic activity. Our results complement previous data on the genotoxicity of this compound in human lymphocytes.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1990

Sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides.

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was studied in the lymphocytes of 27 agricultural workers occupationally exposed to several pesticides and 28 matched controls from el Maresme, an agricultural area near Barcelona. Comparison between both groups with the t-test did not reveal significant differences. These negative findings suggest that, possibly, the exposure level is too low to increase SCE in human lymphocytes in vivo. Our results indicate that smokers, both the workers and the controls, had a higher SCE frequency than non-smokers, in agreement with previous data reported by different authors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mitotic arrest induced by fenvalerate in human lymphocyte cultures.

The pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate was tested for its ability to induce C-mitosis in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes at concentrations ranging from 2-50 micrograms/ml. We observed a significant increase in C-mitotic figures, indicating that this compound was effective in producing disturbance of spindle function.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of cytogenetic damage induced in cultured human lymphocytes by the pyrethroid insecticides cypermethrin and fenvalerate.

Two pyrethroid insecticides, cypermethrin and fenvalerate, were tested for their ability to induce chromosome structural aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Fenvalerate, but not cypermethrin, increased the frequencies of chromosome-type aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. In addition, both pyrethroids affected the cell cycle causing a decrease in the proliferative rate index at concentrations greater than 10 micrograms/ml.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1988

Reactogenicity and antigenicity of rhesus rotavirus vaccine (MMU-18006) in newborn infants in Venezuela.

The reactogenicity and antigenicity of the rhesus rotavirus vaccine, strain MMU18006, developed at the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health) were examined in a double blind, placebo-controlled study of 40 newborn infants in Caracas, Venezuela. The children were observed for the first few days after birth in the hospital nursery and by home visits for 10 days after vaccination to detect any adverse reactions. No reactions could be attributed to the vaccine. Serologic responses to the vaccine were evaluated in paired sera obtained at birth (cord blood) and 4 weeks after vaccination. Serologic responses to the vaccine were not observed by complement fixation, neutralization or a rhesus rotavirus VP7 epitope-specific competition assay. However, such responses were found in 9 of 14 tested infants by an immunoglobulin A-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seventeen of the 20 vaccinees also shed rhesus rotavirus vaccine in stool during the postvaccination period.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Cytogenetic study of a group of workers exposed to thinner.

The frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) was evaluated in a group of 24 workers exposed to thinner in a luminous advertisements factory and in three workshops for painting sheet metal in Mexico City. 50 metaphases for each exposed individual and each control were analysed; air samples of the working places were also studied; it was observed that among all the components of thinner, only benzene exceeded advisable limits. The cytogenetic data were subject to one-way analyses of variance indicating that no significant differences existed between both groups; also, there are no significant differences among workers with a long exposure time and those with fewer than 5 years of exposure. Nevertheless, use of tobacco increased significantly the SCE frequencies among the exposed group, but did not increase SCE in the control group.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

Prostaglandins in human milk.

Human milk contains many different components which interact locally in the gastrointestinal tract and stimulate some systemic functions. Among these substances are prostaglandins. We obtained samples of foremilk and hindmilk in 8 lactating women by manual expression before and after 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. on the 3rd day post partum. The following values were found for prostaglandin E2: foremilk, 162 +/- 135 pg/ml; hindmilk, 198 +/- 148 pg/ml. The values for 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha were: foremilk, 818 +/- 386 pg/ml, and hindmilk, 795 +/- 487 pg/ml. The values for thromboxane B2 were: foremilk, 3,557 +/- 2,770 pg/ml and hindmilk, 4,476 +/- 4,053 pg/ml. The results showed a great variability without statistical differences between paired values of the four groups. This dispersion may be produced by the procedure for extraction and by individual basal levels.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

Chromosomal anomalies in children treated for cancer.

Cytogenetic studies were carried out in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 31 children with cancer (12 retinoblastomas, 9 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 7 neuroblastomas and 3 Wilms' tumors) with the purpose of investigating the prevalence and persistence of chromosomal aberrations before onset of antineoplastic treatment and at different intervals thereafter. The number of treated patients with chromosomal anomalies was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) and so was the percent of cells with aberrations, as compared to untreated patients or healthy controls. The most frequent aberrations were of chromatid type. One patient had a number five trisomy in the third posttreatment study and another presented abnormal aneuploid cells in the third and fourth posttreatment studies. Congenital chromosomal anomalies were not observed, nor anomalies described for some of these tumors. There was no regularity in the effected chromosomes. We conclude that the observed chromosomal aberrations were due to treatment. We consider a prolonged and stringent cytogenetic follow up of such patients necessary to detect the induced aberrations.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of the protein quality of an isolated soy protein in young men: relative nitrogen requirements and effect of methionine supplementation.

The protein nutritional value of an isolated soy protein (Supro-620) was evaluated in a series of nitrogen balance studies in healthy young male MIT students. Experiment 1 involved giving eight subjects graded intakes of the isolated soy protein while seven additional subjects received egg protein. Mean nitrogen intake required for N balance for the isolated soy protein and the egg protein were not significantly different (p greater than 0.1). In experiment 2, nine subjects received soy and the effects on N balance at various levels of L-methionine supplementation were studied. In experiment 3 eight subjects each were studied at two nitrogen intake levels of isolated soy protein/kg/day with methionine supplementation, and an unsupplemented egg protein period included. Results from experiment 2 and 3 at an 82 mg N/kg/day test level showed that N balance for 1.6% supplementation was significantly below that of unsupplemented egg while 1.1% and unsupplemented soy were indistinguishable from egg. No beneficial effects of methionine supplementation were observed when the test nitrogen intake level was 128 mg N/kg/day. These results indicate that for healthy adults, the isolated soy protein is of high nutritional quality, comparable to that of animal protein sources, and that the methionine content is not limiting for adult protein maintenance.

Adult↗