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Biomedical subjects

M R Grier

Publications and source records attributed to M R Grier.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Living arrangements, visit patterns, and health problems in a nurse-managed clinic for the homeless.

The purpose of this article is to describe living arrangements, clinic visit patterns, and health problems of clients by age and gender in a nurse-managed clinic serving the homeless. The conceptual framework for this project was derived from a nursing perspective of community health. The problem classification scheme used included four domains of community health practice: environmental, psychosocial, physiological, and health-related behavior. Data were collected during each visit to a nurse-managed health clinic for the homeless for 18 months. The findings indicate that living arrangements and visit patterns vary by age and gender. Health problems associated with integument and income were identified as primary and secondary problems across all age groups. Six other health problems were shared across all age and gender groups as either primary or secondary: circulation, respiration, pain, nutrition, communication, and prescription medication. Substance misuse was not a primary problem noted by clients, but was commonly a secondary problem. Genitourinary problems were noted primarily to be problems of younger women. Implications for planning nursing services for the homeless are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Dietary calcium intakes of elderly Korean Americans.

Dietary calcium intake among elderly Korean Americans was examined. Results of this study indicate that calcium intakes of the women were considerably lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowance partly because of their lower consumption of dairy products and lower energy intakes. For the same reasons, nonparticipants in a nutrition program for the elderly were less likely than participants to consume adequate amounts of calcium. A number of other factors may have influenced low calcium intake by some subjects. The examination of their food habits revealed that the subjects rarely consumed their preferred calcium-rich Korean foods because of the high cost and limited availability of the foods and their own difficulty in chewing. Consumption of calcium-rich foods in the United States diet also was limited. The subjects disliked calcium-rich foods in the United States diet, with the exception of milk and ice cream. Although a majority of the subjects liked and consumed milk daily, the amount was not sufficient to meet the calcium requirements in their diets. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of the subjects disliked and seldom consumed milk. In addition to dairy products, grains, fruits, and vegetables were major sources of calcium in diets of the subjects. However, individuals did not consume enough of the calcium-rich foods from these food groups to meet the calcium requirements.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses' propensity to risk.

Risk taking by 53 nurses and 22 non-nurses was investigated in nursing and nonnursing situations in a laboratory study to assess nurses' propensity to risk and to gain information about how nurses make decisions. Games involving loss and gain of money were used. Subjects received money won from the games, but debts incurred by subjects were canceled. The study indicated that unwillingness to accept risk is not characteristic of all nurses. A nurse's propensity to risk appeared to depend on the situation and on the nurse's educational level. Study findings, though restricted by the mode of investigation, have implications for practice and future research.

Decision Making↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decision making about patient care.

Written descriptions of four patient situations and a table of nursing actions and outcomes were presented to 47 registered nurses to investigate quantification of 185 nursing decisions about patient care. The nurses ranked the actions according to that which they considered best for the patient described, gave probabilities of the occurrence of outcomes, and assigned values to outcomes. The probability of an outcome's occurring, multiplied by the value of that outcome, and added for all outcomes of an action constituted the expected value (EV) of an action in achieving a goal. Significant agreements between the EVs and ranking of actions were obtained. The preferred action had the highest EV for 109 of the 185 decisions studied. Most decisions were justifiable in that chosen actions were desirable for achieving goals, were consistent with the nurses' knowledge of the probability of the outcomes' occurring, and were in keeping with the nurses' values for the outcomes. The findings indicated that decision theory is applicable to nursing practice, that nursing decisions can be adapted to analytical models, and that nurses can order outcomes of their actions according to their desirability and likelihood of occurrence.

Decision Making↗