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Biomedical subjects

M R Malinow

Publications and source records attributed to M R Malinow.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effect of alfalfa saponins on intestinal cholesterol absorption in rats.

Five to 20 mg of saponins obtained from alfalfa tops or roots were introduced intragastrically in rats also receiving oral and intravenous ring-labeled cholesterol. The saponins were tested before and after partial acid hydrolysis. Absorption of cholesterol was determined by estimation of fecal sterols and by a dual isotope technique involving assay of plasma radioactivity. Alfalfa top saponins (nonhydrolyzed) reduced absorption of cholesterol. Acid hydrolysis of alfalfa top or root saponins enhanced their ability to inhibit cholesterol absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Heart rate in caged Macaca fascicularis. Effects of short-term physical exercise.

Electrocardiograms were recorded hourly for five days in 16 caged Macaca fascicularis by means of a miniaturized ECG transmitter connected to two chest leads. The lowest heart rates were 135 +/- 35 (mean +/- SD, n= 31) beats/min at 5 a.m., and the highest were 192 +/- 22 (n = 29) beats/min at 3 p.m. Sinus arrhythmia was common. Eight of the animals were trained to exercise in a specially designed enclosed treadmill; their heart rates were recorded daily during two 10-min periods of running at 3.4 km/h. Transfer of the monkeys (n k0) to the treadmill increased heart rate from 186 +/- 24 to 228 +/- 23 beats/min; exercise further increased it to 271 +/- 8 beats/min.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A model for therapeutic interventins on established coronary atherosclerosis in a nonhuman primate.

The observations so far conducted in cynomologus monkeys on semipurified diets containing butter and cholesterol suggest that this nonhuman primate is an excellent model for studying the therapy of established coronary atherosclerosis. (1) This species is available at a reasonable cost and can be kept in captivity in good health for prolonged periods of time. (2) It readily accepts semipurified diets with a percentage composition similar to that of human diets in the U.S. (3) Ingestion of these diets leads quite rapidly (around 6 months) to moderate coronary atherosclerosis. More prolonged feeding leads to lesions which are histologically very similar to those in man. (4) The distribution of lesions in the main coronary arteries is similar to that in man. (5) Methods to quantify the coronary lesions are available. (6) The diets can be so modified that cholesterol levels closely resemble those in hypercholesterolemic man. (7) The monkeys are amenable to several therapeutic regimens which show promise of arresting the progress or inducing the regression of the coronary lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effect of bran and cholestyramine on plasma lipids in monkeys.

Semipurified diets whose cholesterol content varied from 34 to 120 mg/100 kcal were given to adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) for 9 months. The intake of dietary fiber was increased through the addition of wheat, rice, or soya bran; 5% cholestyramine was given to one group of monkeys. None of the brans reduced plasma levels of cholesterol, whereas cholestyramine produced marked hypocholesterolemic effects. Triglyceride levels increased with higher cholesterol intake, but no additional changes were induced by any of the experimental diets. Plasma phospholipids were reduced by cholestyramine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Failure of carbon monoxide to induce myocardial infarction in cholesterol-fed cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

Twenty-six adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were randomly assigned to four groups which were fed on a standard laboratory diet or a semipurified diet containing cholesterol. In two of the groups, the monkeys were exposed intermittently to CO throughout the day for 14 months; the control animals breathed room air. No myocardial infarctions were observed, and the ECG showed a transitory injury current in only one animal. No differences in plasma cholesterol levels or in aortic and coronary atherosclerosis could be attributed to CO exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effect of skim milk on plasma cholesterol in rats.

From the 15th day of birth, newborn rats were offered rat chow mixed with water or skim milk. The former also received tap water, the latter skim milk. In the latter group, plasma cholesterol was lowered in 43- and 64-day-old males and in 64-day-old females.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Glucose: a possible intermediate in the oxidation of the side chain of cholesterol in resting and stimulated rats.

The effect of repeated muscular contraction on the rate of oxidation of the side chain of cholesterol was studied in anesthetized rats. The animals received an intravenous pulse-label injection of either cholesterol-26-(14)C, incorporated into rat plasma lipoproteins, or bicarbonate-(14)C. In half the animals of each group, the hind legs were repeatedly stimulated by electrical impulses. A multicompartmental analysis was attempted, based on the disappearance curve of plasma free cholesterol-(14)C and on the excretion rate of expired (14)CO(2), as well as on previously reported rates of bile acid and adrenal steroid secretion. The rate of expired (14)CO(2) originating from cholesterol-26-(14)C was much less than that predicted by the digital computer analysis; cholesterol degradation could not be evaluated since the data were incompatible with a model that assumes direct oxidation of the side chain to CO(2). A revised model was postulated in which an important fraction of the side chain of cholesterol would be converted to CO(2) only after previous conversion to glucose. Direct measurement of plasma glucose-(14)C after the injection of cholesterol-26-(14)C supported this hypothesis.

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