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M R Passos

Publications and source records attributed to M R Passos.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Epidemiological aspects of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HPV infection in cervical lesions of Brazilian women and to search for specific risk factors associated to progression to malignancy. METHODS: Five hundred and fourteen paraffin-embedded biopsies obtained from female cervical lesions were classified according to the Bethesda System in low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high grade SIL (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Specimens were tested for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6/11,16/18 and 31/33/35 DNA using non-isotopic in situ hybridization. RESULTS: HPV prevalence ranged from 85.6% in LSIL to 55.2% in SCC. Patients were analysed through an 8 year period: 27. 1% of the lesions spontaneously regressed while 43.6% persisted and 29.3% progressed to carcinoma. High risk types were present in 80.5% (Crude OR 13.8, P=0.0003) of the progressive lesions. Possible co-factors have also been evaluated: history of other sexually transmitted diseases, mainly syphilis, showed to be positively related to progression (Adjusted OR 13.0, P=0.0003) while oral contraceptive use and tobacco smoking were not significantly related to it (P>O.1). Association of two or more co-factors also proved to be related to progression. CONCLUSIONS: Oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18 and history of other concurrent sexually transmitted diseases were found to be significantly associated with progression to cancer. Smoking and the use of oral contraceptives did not show a relation to cancer establishment, but when they were associated a significant co-operative role in progression was demonstrated. Our study indicated that HPV and other risk factors for cancer can act together, corroborating the observation of a poor prognosis for Brazilian women presenting SILs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Vulvar myiasis.

Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. This infestation is, however, rarely seen in the vulvar area. We present a short review of the disease and the case of a 19-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis and concomitant syphilis, vaginal trichomoniasis and genital candidiasis. The patient was also positive for human immunodeficiency virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Creatine-kinase and pyruvate-kinase activities in normal children: implications in Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrier detection.

Serum creatine-kinase (CK) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) levels were determined in 201 boys and girls less than 15 years old to establish values and to investigate a possible correlation between enzyme activity, sex, and age. It was observed that the mean CK activity in boys was significantly higher than in females (of all ages), whereas it did not differ statistically between girls and women. A slight but significant correlation between CK activity and age was found only in females. The mean PK activity in children was significantly greater than in adult women and it decreased significantly with age in children of both sexes. Furthermore, a slight correlation between CK and PK was observed only in girls. Based on these results, we suggest that the results of CK and PK determinations of females at risk for Duchenne muscular dystrophy should be compared with controls of comparable age and sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Creatine-kinase (CK) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) activities in cord blood of normal newborn infants: application to Duchenne muscular dystrophy screening programs.

Creatine-kinase (CK) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) were determined in cord blood samples from 125 normal newborn infants in order 1) to investigate the correlation between CK and PK, 2) to evaluate a possible influence of the mode of delivery (cesarean section versus vaginal delivery) and birth weight on enzyme activity, 3) to establish normal values for both sexes. In the present investigation, the enzyme activities of cord blood were significantly higher than in the normal adult, and no correlation was observed between enzyme activity and mode of delivery or birthweight. Although there was an apparent and significant correlation (r = 0.5) between CK and PK levels in cord blood samples, in no case did we find both high CK and PK values, something that would suggest preclinical DMD or a false-positive result. These results have led us to suggest determination of serum PK activity in male newborn screening programs. This would allow an early discrimination between false-positives and clinical cases already in the neonatal period. Furthermore, the concomitant use of PK and CK in boys not walking by 18 months could be a useful test for diagnosing preclinical DMD boys.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human papillomavirus detection in genital lesions by in situ hybridization and ultrastructural observations.

Detection of papillomavirus DNA in situ hybridization technique was performed in 29 symptomatic patients (6 males and 23 females) during the period of 1989-1991 at the Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Universidade Federal Fluminense, State of Rio de Janeiro. All the male patients had condyloma acuminata. Only HPV 6/11 were found in these lesions. Clinical features in the female patients included vulvar condyloma acuminata, bowenoid papulosis, flat cervical condyloma, cervical condyloma acuminatum and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade II (CIN II). We also found cases of condyloma acuminata associated to vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (VIN III), as well as to vaginal invasive carcinoma. HPV 6/11 and 16/18 were found in vulvar condyloma acuminata. Mixed infection by 6/11-16/18 HPV were also seen in these lesions as well as in the patient who had cervical condyloma acuminatum. HPV 16/18 were found in the condyloma acuminatum plus VIN III and in the CIN II lesions. We have found HPV 31/33/51 in the specimen of condyloma acuminatum plus invasive carcinoma. In order to investigate the ultrastructural aspects of HPV infection in genital tissue, the biopsies of three female patients were observed under electron microscope. Mature virus particles were found in the cells of a condyloma acuminatum as well as in the condyloma acuminatum plus invasive carcinoma case. In another sample, chromosome breakages were found in the nuclei of the infected cells although no viral particles were observed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in female cervical lesions from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

A hundred-sixty paraffin-embedded specimens from female cervical lesions were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 infections by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. The data were compared with histologic diagnosis. Eighty-eight (55%) biopsies contained HPV DNA sequences. In low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN I), HPV infection was detected in 78.7% of the cases, the benign HPV 6 was the most prevalent type. HPV DNA was detected in 58% of CIN II and CIN III cases and in 41.8% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Histologically normal women presented 20% of HPV infection. Oncogenic HPV was found in 10% of these cases, what may indicate a higher risk of developing CINs and cancer. Twenty-five percent of the infected tissues contained mixed infections. HPV 16 was the most common type infecting the cervix and its prevalence raised significantly with the severity of the lesions, pointing its role in cancer pathogenesis. White women presented twice the cervical lesions of mulatto and African origin women, although HPV infection rates were nearly the same for the three groups (approximately 50%). Our results showed that HPV typing by in situ hybridization is a useful tool for distinguishing between low and high risk cervical lesions. Further studies are required to elucidate risk factors associated with HPV infection and progression to malignancy in Brazilian population.

Brazil↗