PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M R Patters

Publications and source records attributed to M R Patters.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Assessment of complement cleavage in gingival fluid during experimental gingivitis in man.

The cleavage of complement may be an important immunopathologic mechanism in the development of gingival inflammation. Utilizing the experimental gingivitis model, cleavage of C3, C4 and B was assessed in gingival fluid following abstention from oral hygiene. 4 male dental students performed stringent oral hygiene measures until the gingival index approached 0, then refrained from any oral hygiene for 21 days. Gingival fluid, sampled with filter paper strips from the mesial surface of all maxillary premolars at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days, was assayed for C3, C4 and B cleavage by multilayer crossed-immunoelectrophoresis. Clinical indices were assessed following gingival fluid sampling. The subjects, who were plaque-free (PI = 0) at the beginning of the study, showed significant plaque accumulation at day 21 (87% of sites with PI greater than or equal to 2). Approximately 90% of the sites were free from clinical inflammation (GI = 0) at the start, but gingivitis increased with time such that 25% of the sites had GI scores of 2 at day 21. Bleeding on probing to the base of the pocket was not observed at day 0, but was observed at 62% of sites by day 21. Statistical analyses showed that all 3 indices significantly increased with time. The %C3 cleavage increased from a mean of 24% at day 0, to 35%, 45% and then 57% at days 7, 14 and 21, respectively, and both days 14 and 21 demonstrated significantly greater C3 conversion than that seen at day 0. The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient for %C3 conversion versus time was p = 0.52, significant at the p less than 0.0001 level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1985

Morphology of polymorphonuclear neutrophils during periodontal disease in the cynomolgus monkey.

The polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) appears to be an important cell in the protection of the host from pathogenic periodontal micro-organisms. The purpose of the present histological studies was to observe the emigration of the PMN from the gingival vessels to the periodontal pocket during gingivitis and ligature-induced periodontitis in the cynomolgus monkey. 2 adult female monkeys were treated by application of a silk ligature around selected posterior teeth. After 9 weeks, the monkeys were perfused and block sections of both ligated (early periodontitis) and non-ligated (gingivitis) sites were obtained, cut into smaller blocks containing a single interdental area (N = 15 for periodontitis, N = 5 for gingivitis) and processed for light and electron microscopic observations. Morphologically, no differences in PMNs between gingivitis and periodontitis were observed and therefore the following description applies to both disease states. In the vessels, the endothelial cells appeared to be actively involved in PMN emigration, maintaining long processes which surrounded the PMNs. Within the connective tissue, the PMNs maintained their typical morphology which included polylobated nuclei and numerous lysosomal granules. Many intact PMNs were observed intercellularly within the connective tissue and the epithelium. Within the periodontal pocket, a multilayer of PMNs surrounded the plaque mass. Cells with numerous bacteria-containing phagolysosomes were observed with increasing frequency as they approached the plaque. Deeper within the bacterial deposit, PMNs were seen in varying stages of degeneration. These histologic studies, when interpreted in the light of reports of severe, rapidly-progressive periodontitis in patients with PMN disorders, suggest that the interaction of PMNs with bacterial plaque may serve to maintain a defensive boundary which protects the host tissues from irreversible destruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lymphoproliferative response during resolution and recurrence of naturally occurring gingivitis.

The lymphocyte blastogenic response in humans to oral bacterial antigens was investigated during resolution and recurrence of naturally occurring gingivitis. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. Actinomyces and Fusobacterium and the host responses they evoke, are associated with gingival inflammation. 2. The magnitude of the blastogenic response to these antigens is directly related to the severity of gingival inflammation. 3. Scaling may cause a transient rise in the blastogenic response. 4. Conservative therapy not only improves the clinical state of gingival health, but also interrupts a possible pathogenic mechanism of periodontal disease.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1976

Blastogenic response of human lymphocytes to oral bacterial antigens: characterization of bacterial sonicates.

Soluble sonicate supernatant preparations were made from Actinomyces viscosus (ATCC 19246), A. naeslundii (ATCC 12104), two strains of Veillonella alcalescens (strain HV-1 and a human oral isolate), Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC 10556), S. mutans (strain 6715-T2), Bacteroides melaninogenicus (strain K110), and Leptotrichia buccalis (isolated from human dental plaque). These supernatants were characterized with reference to their chemical and antigenic components and their biological activity determined by using in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis as a measure of the host's cellular immune response. The sonicate supernatant of each bacterium contained protein, neutral sugars, methylpentose, and nucleic acids. Protein was the major component in all except L. buccalis, in which neutral sugars predominated. The antigenic components in each supernatant were detected by using rabbit antisera prepared against the whole bacteria and the sonicate supernatant. The supernatants showed a complex antigenic distribution on immunoelectrophoretic analysis. The supernatants were shown to be antigenic and not mitogenic in nature, since neither cord blood lymphocytes nor all adult lymphocytes were stimulated. The supernatant antigen preparations showed a reproducible, dose-dependent, and kinetic response in vitro, which was similar to that seen with the antigen preparation streptokinase-streptodornase.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1976

Blastogenic response of human lymphocytes to oral bacterial antigens: comparison of individuals with periodontal disease to normal and edentulous subjects.

Cell-mediated immunity in humans to antigens derived from oral plaque bacteria was investigated by using the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. Subjects with varying severities of periodontal disease including normal, gingivitis, periodontitis, and edentulous were compared. Mononuclear leukocytes were separated from peripheral blood and cultured with antigens prepared by sonication of Actinomyces viscosus (AV), Actinomyces naeslundii (AN), Veillonella alcalescens (VA), Leptotrichia buccalis (LB), Bacteroides melaninogenicus (BM), and homologous dental plaque (DP). The lymphocyte response of subjects with gingivitis or periodontitis was significantly greater than that of normal subjects to antigens of AV, AN, and DP, but did not differ from the response of edentulous subjects. Periodontitis subjects were significantly more reactive than edentulous and normal subjects in response to VA, LB, and BM. These findings suggest that the tested gram-negative bacteria and the host response they evoke are associated with advanced periodontal destruction.

Actinomyces↗