PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M R de Oliveira

Publications and source records attributed to M R de Oliveira.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Canine visceral leishmaniosis: a remarkable histopathological picture of one case reported from Brazil.

This report describes a remarkable histopathological presentation of a symptomatic dog naturally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi from Brazil. An intense inflammatory granulomatous reaction was observed in the liver and spleen associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the mononuclear system (the classical histopathological picture of the disease). In addition, a spectrum of vascular lesions was observed in many organs. However, we did not find parasites (amastigotes of Leishmania) in any skin fragments of the ear, nose and or abdominal tissue. In fact, this animal had severe clinical signs, showed parasites in many organs, but no parasites in the skin. It appears that the presence or absence of parasites in the skin is not a good indicator of parasites in other organs or vice versa.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

3-Methyl-5-hydroxy-5-trichloromethyl-1H-1-pyrazolcarboxyamide induces antinociception.

The antinociceptive action of a novel pyrazole-derived compound, 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-5-trichloromethyl-1H-1-pyrazolcarboxyamide (MPCA) was evaluated using the formalin and tail-immersion tests in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by paw plethysmometry in adult rats using the carrageenin-induced paw edema test. Subcutaneous administration of MPCA (22, 66, and 200 mg/kg) induced a dose-dependent decrease in the time spent licking during the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of the formalin test, and preadministration of naloxone (1 mg/kg, sc) did not prevent MPCA-induced (200 mg/kg, sc) antinociception. Naloxone decreased the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice, while MPCA had no effect on locomotion. In contrast, administration of the opioid antagonist caused a significant increase in the locomotor behavior of mice previously injected with MPCA. MPCA was devoid of antinociceptive action by the tail-immersion test and of anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, MPCA had no effect on the motor performance of mice in the rotarod test. These results suggest that MPCA induces antinociception in the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of the formalin test, an effect that does not involve opioid receptors.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1998

Polybitoxins: a group of phospholipases A2 from the venom of the neotropical social wasp paulistinha (Polybia paulista).

The neotropical wasp Polybia paulistinha is very aggressive and endemic in south-east Brazil, where it frequently causes stinging accidents. By using gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose under a pH gradient, a group of four toxins (designated as polybitoxins-I, II, III and IV) presenting phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities was purified. These toxins are dimeric with mol. wts ranging from 115,000 to 132,000 and formed by different subunits. The four toxins contain very high sugar contents attached to their molecules (22-43% w/w) and presented different values of pH optimum from 7.8 to 9.0; when dissociated, only residual catalytic activities were maintained. The catalytic activities of polybitoxins (from 18 to 771 mumoles/mg per minute) are lower than that of PLA2 from Apis mellifera venom and hornetin from Vespa basalis. The polybitoxins presented a non-linear steady-state kinetic behavior for the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine at pH 7.9, compatible with the negative co-operativity phenomena. All of the polybitoxins were very potent direct hemolysins, especially the polybitoxins-III and IV, which are as potent as the lethal toxin from V. basalis and hornetin from Vespa flavitarsus, respectively; polybitoxin-IV presented hemolytic action 20 times higher than that of PLA2 from A. meliferra, 17 times higher than that of neutral PLA2 from Naja nigricolis and about 37 times higher than that of cardiotoxin from Naja naja atra venom.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Albright's syndrome: review of the literature and case report.

Albright's syndrome is characterized by the presence of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, endocrinopathies and brown spots on the skin. In the present article the authors describe a case occurring in a 20-year-old female patient, who is currently being followed radiographically after a mandibular bone biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Human syngamosis. Two cases of chronic cough caused by Mammomonogamus laryngeus.

Parasites of the genus Mammomonogamus may occasionally affect the human respiratory tract, causing human syngamosis. We describe two cases of chronic unproductive cough caused by Mammomonogamus laryngeus that occurred in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Some aspects related to human parasitism, diagnostic approach, and treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Natural parasitism of buffaloes in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. III. Dynamics of gastrointestinal parasitism in cows and their calves].

Gastrointestinal parasitism of 24 buffalo cows before parturition, and post-parturition, their infection and that of their respective calves during the following 30 weeks were studied. Willis, Hoffmann and whenever possible, the modified Gordon & Whitlock techniques were used for fecal examinations. Toxocara vitulorum eggs were the earliest forms encountered in calves feces, as follows: during the 1st week after birth, 58.33% of the calves were positive, and in the 4th week, 100% of these animals were positive. Eggs of Strongyloides sp were in the 1st week after birth in two of the calves and in the 5th week, all for them were positive. The next parasites to appear were the Coccidia of which oocysts were detected in the feces of two calves in the 2nd week after birth, and 58.33% of the calves were positive for these in the 3rd week, and in the 6th week, all calves shed oocysts in their feces. On the other hand, eggs of Strongyloides were the last forms to appear in calves feces. However, despite their sporadic appearance in the feces, eggs of these parasites were observed continuously from the 11th week onwards, and at this point, the percentage of positive samples began to increase to reach its peak. Relatively to adult animals, eggs of T. vitulorum were observed in the feces of 11 cows, one or twice at most; eggs of Strongyloides sp were seen only once in the feces of four buffalo cows and eggs of Strongyloides in 21 out of 24 cows. Oocysts of Coccidia were observed in 16 cows. Mechanisms of infestation of calves with these parasites are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The effect of major trauma on the pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism.

In order to evaluate the effects of severe trauma on the levels of thyroxine (T4), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse-T3, r-T3), blood samples were collected from traumatized patients on the first post-trauma day. The plasma concentrations of T3 were significantly decreased (mean, 47.4 ng/dl); T4 levels were in the normal range (mean, 6.6 mcg/dl) and r-T3 levels were significantly elevated (mean, 80.8 ng/dl). The oxygen extraction by the muscular tissue was also determined in these patients and found to be elevated; however, no correlation could be established between the extraction ratios and the thyroid hormone levels. This deviation in the peripheral conversion of T4 into r-T3 with a decreased production of T3 also accompanies severe systemic illnesses and probably represents a form of T4 inactivation conditioned by the metabolic demands of the body. This alternate pathway of thyroid hormone metabolism is enhanced by elevated blood levels of catecholamines, glucose, or glucocorticoids as well as by decreased insulin plasma concentrations, all known to follow major trauma and other catabolic conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Injuries to the tracheobronchial tree in closed trauma.

Seven cases of injury to the tracheobronchial tree in closed trauma of the thorax, treated by the surgical emergency service of the Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, during the period 1980-2 are described and compared with previously published cases. The diagnosis of the seven cases presented in this series was clinically suspected and endoscopically confirmed within 24 hours of injury, all patients being immediately submitted to reconstructive surgery; and except for one who failed to respond to initial resuscitation and died during surgery all the patients had a satisfactory postoperative course. Many previously reported cases of tracheobronchial injury by contrast have taken more than a month to be diagnosed; but for the best results such injuries must be repaired immediately. Awareness of the possibility of tracheobronchial injury in cases of violent chest trauma is important for early diagnosis; emphysema, dyspnoea, and pneumothorax are not always present, and absence of radiological and clinical signs of tracheobronchial injury does not exclude such injury. Bronchoscopy is the most important investigation for clinical diagnosis. Once the diagnosis has been made thoracotomy is nearly always required. Throughout the surgical procedure expert cooperation between anaesthetist and surgeon is essential. After operation prevention of further damage to the trachea depends on careful respiratory management.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary embolism from gunshot missiles.

In patients having missile wounds, the most bizarre trajectories and lodgment sites have been reported. Entry of the missile into the blood stream and subsequent embolization is quite an uncommon event. Isolated reports published in the literature date back to the beginning of the century. This article was undertaken to present two instances of pulmonary embolism due to gunshot missiles. Most investigators agree that the missile should be removed when located in the pulmonary artery and its branches because of the high risk of severe complications, such as pulmonary infarction, secondary thrombosis, infection, erosion of the arterial wall and local hemorrhage. In such instances, a thoracotomy is recommended. The alternative treatment in the instances reported herein, conceived and successfully performed by us, was embolectomy through percutaneous cardiovascular catheterization. As a novel procedure, the method has proved effective and liable to minimal risk.

Adult↗