Effects of thapsigargin in normal and pretreated with ryanodine guinea pig cardiomyocytes.
We compared the effects of thapsigargin (TG), a selective blocker of Ca(2+)-adenosinetriphosphatase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and ryanodine (Ry) in the single isolated myocytes of guinea pig ventricular myocardium loaded with indo 1 acetoxymethyl ester (AM). TG (2 x 10(-7) M) inhibited the rapid phase of Ca2+ transient, increased time to peak intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) from 158 +/- 12 to 391 +/- 60 ms and decreased the total amplitude of the transient to 89 +/- 4% of the pre-TG control. Time to peak of contractions increased from 350 +/- 47 to 410 +/- 37 ms and total duration from 666 +/- 62 to 850 +/- 198 ms. Total amplitude of contractions was hardly affected. In the cells not loaded with indo 1-AM TG decreased the amplitude of contractions to 71 +/- 3% of control. When the effects of TG were fully developed, the cells ceased to respond to 1 s of superfusion with 15.0 mM caffeine with transient elevation of [Ca2+]i and/or transient contracture. TG did not affect the amplitude or time course of Ca2+ current (ICa) or the current-voltage relation. We propose that Ca2+ transients and contractions in the cells treated with TG were initiated by sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx. Ry (1.0 microM) initiated similar changes in the time course of Ca2+ transients and contractions as TG; however, total amplitude of the transients and contractions was reduced to 78 +/- 5 and 55 +/- 7% of the control, respectively. The SR Ca2+ was also depleted by Ry. TG superfused over the cells pretreated with Ry increased the amplitude of Ca2+ transients and respective contractions to the pre-Ry level. TG did not affect the ICa in the cells pretreated with Ry nor did it change configuration of action potentials to increase the Ca2+ influx. We propose that the effect of Ry on amplitude of Ca2+ transients and contractions results from the trapping of a fraction of sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx by the SR and its rapid release into subsarcolemmal space. From there it is extruded out of the cell by Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange before ever reaching the contractile system.