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Biomedical subjects

M Rørth

Publications and source records attributed to M Rørth.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Testicular seminoma in Denmark 1976-1980. Results of treatment.

Over a five-year period the DATECA Study included 554 consecutive patients with seminoma, representing practically all cases in the country. The stage distribution was: stage I 424 patients, stage II 110 patients, and stage III 17 patients. Typical seminoma was registered in 515 patients, anaplastic seminoma in 26 patients, and spermatocytic seminoma in 13 patients. The treatment was post-operative irradiation except in a few very advanced cases who received chemotherapy. Three-year corrected survival was: stage I 99 per cent, stage II 89 per cent, and stage III 65 per cent. Anaplastic seminoma showed a significantly higher rate of metastatic spread than typical seminoma and the prognosis was worse. Treatment-related complications were few, but adjuvant bleomycin combined with irradiation of advanced seminoma resulted in 2 deaths from pneumonitis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Tumour markers in testicular germ cell tumours. Five-year experience from the DATECA Study 1976-1980.

Since Jan. 1, 1976, nearly all new cases of testicular germ cell tumours have been included in the Danish Testicular Carcinoma Study (DATECA), and have been monitored by the tumour markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). During the first five years, 1058 patients participated in the investigation, but only 603 of these patients were followed by preoperative as well as postoperative marker determinations in serum. The overall prevalence of marker positivity, i.e. elevated preoperative values for AFP and/or HCG, was 8 per cent for seminoma patients and 60 per cent for non-seminoma patients. Elevated levels of serum AFP and HCG were correlated to the presence of endodermal sinus tumour and choriocarcinoma elements, respectively, in the primary tumour. The presence of increased marker concentration in serum was correlated stage (higher percentage in higher stages) and to prognosis (marker negative patients had a better prognosis than marker positive patients). Marker production by seminoma patients seems to indicate a poor prognosis, especially for HCG producing seminomas.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

Non-seminomatous testicular germ cell tumours. Preliminary analysis of ongoing trials in the DATECA Study.

This report deals with the preliminary results of trials in the DATECA project with stage I, II and III patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Stage I patients were randomized between infradiaphragmatic irradiation and observation. No significant difference in recurrence rates has been observed as yet. Eighteen of 95 patients had recurrence with a median time to relapse of 3 months. Fifteen patients achieved complete remission after treatment by combination chemotherapy while 3 patients are still undergoing treatment. Stage II patients received 6 series of cis-platinum, bleomycin, and vinblastine. The patients were initially randomized to receive chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy plus irradiation. Irradiation led to increased toxicity and decreased doses of the antineoplastic drugs. Fifty-one patients were studied. The overall complete remission rate was 89 per cent including 7 patients who achieved complete remission after secondary surgery. Three patients died from testicular tumours and two toxic deaths occurred in this group. Stage III patients were treated with 6 series of cis-platinum, bleomycin, and vinblastine. Fifty patients were studied. The complete remission rate was 72 per cent including 2 patients who achieved complete remission after secondary surgery. Sixteen patients relapsed after achieving complete remission with a median time to relapse of 4 months. Eight of these died, 4 achieved a new complete remission, while 4 patients are still under treatment. Sixty per cent of the patients are at present alive without evidence of disease, while 12 patients died from testicular tumours and 2 from toxic side effects.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Pulmonary blastoma: remission with chemotherapy.

A 59-year-old man with pulmonary blastoma, who had undergone right-sided pneumonectomy, had a relapse of the tumour 7 months later. Light-microscopic and ultrastructural studies were consistent with recurrence from the primary tumour. Cell kinetic studies revealed a high fraction of tumour cells in the S-phase. Complete remission of the recurrence was obtained within 16 days after initiation of combination chemotherapy consisting of CCNU, vincristine, VP-16 and cyclophosphamide.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Phase II study of vindesine, cisplatin, and hexamethylmelamine (VCH) in small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Forty-two patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with cycles given every 28 days consisting of a combination of vindesine (3 mg/m2 if on Days 1 and 15), cisplatin (75 mg/m2 iv on Day 1), and hexamethylmelamine (200 mg/m2 orally on Days 8-22). Thirty-four patients were evaluable for response. Partial remission (PR) or complete remission (CR) was noted in seven (three CRs and four PRs) of nine previously untreated patients (77%) and in eight (one CR and seven PRs) of 25 patients treated previously with intensive chemotherapy (32%). This drug combination deserves consideration for inclusion in sequential combination chemotherapy regimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A phase III trial comparing prednimustine (LEO 1031) to chlorambucil plus prednisolone in advanced breast cancer.

Prednimustine is an ester of chlorambucil and prednisolone. The drug has had some activity in experimental as well as in human tumors, including breast cancer. The objective of the current study is to compare the clinical effectiveness and toxicity of prednimustine with its components of chlorambucil plus prednisolone, and to compare the clinical effectiveness and toxicity of a continuous treatment with an intermittent one. Two hundred and one patients with advanced breast cancer were randomized to the following treatments: I: prednimustine continuously; 40 mg/m2 d; II: prednimustine intermittently, 160 mg/m2 d 1 to 5, repeated every three weeks; and III: chlorambucil 8 mg/m2 d plus prednisolone 8 mg/m2 d, both given continuously. All treatments were given orally. One hundred and ninety five patients were evaluable for assessment of response to the treatments. The response rates were 21% in both of the prednimustine-treated groups, whereas only 11% of the patients treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone responded. The duration of remission with continuous prednimustine was longer than with the other two treatment groups, but not significantly so. One hundred and ninety five patients were evaluable for assessment of hematologic toxicity. No differences were observed between the two prednimustine-treated groups, whereas the group treated with chlorambucil plus prednisolone experienced a significantly higher degree of leukopenia and/or thrombopenia. Subjective toxicities, nausea, vomiting and psychical symptoms were only moderate in the three treatment groups, but significantly more pronounced in the group treated with intermittent prednimustine. Because of these promising results, prednimustine should be compared to other alkylating agents in patients with advanced breast cancer in randomized trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Therapy of extragonadal germ-cell tumors.

Sixteen patients with primary extragonadal germ-cell tumors were treated at the Department of Chemotherapy, Finsen Institute, Copenhagen from 1976 to 1982. Twelve patients received a combination of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin), vinblastine and bleomycin (PVB). Eight patients had a complete remission and 5 had a partial response. Eighty-six percent of the patients achieving complete remission remain free of disease after a median follow-up of 42 months. The best results with PVB were obtained in teratocarcinomas and embryonal carcinomas, while more effective chemotherapy regimens are needed for the treatment of choriocarcinomas and endodermal sinus tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Phase I evaluation of peplomycin with special reference to pulmonary toxicity.

In the search for bleomycin analogues with less pulmonary toxicity than bleomycin itself, peplomycin was selected for a phase I clinical trial, based on experimental animal data. Eighteen patients received peplomycin at three exploratory levels. Six patients were treated at a level of 5 mg/m2, 8 patients at 10 mg/m2 and 4 patients at 15 mg/m2 of peplomycin, each dosage being given twice weekly intravenously. Pulmonary function tests were performed prior to treatment and serially thereafter. Pulmonary toxicity was encountered when the administered total dose of peplomycin was in the range 190-350 mg in patients who had received either 10 or 15 mg/m2 twice weekly. Pulmonary toxicity was not observed when the dosage of peplomycin was restricted to 5 mg/m2 twice weekly. During the trial no haematological, hepatic or renal changes induced by the drug were observed. Skin changes, stomatitis and fever were observed with increasing frequency the higher the cumulative dose of peplomycin, and these effects were similar to those seen with bleomycin. Two of fifteen patients with cervical cancer obtained a partial response, lasting 1 and 2 months respectively. Although peplomycin is free from pulmonary toxicity at a dose of 5 mg/m2 twice weekly, the maximum tolerated cumulative dose has still to be defined.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A phase II trial of peplomycin in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

A phase II trial has been performed in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung using peplomycin. This compound is a bleomycin analogue with less pulmonary toxicity and a broader antitumor effect than bleomycin in experimental animal systems. Twenty-one evaluable patients were treated using a dose schedule of 5 mg/m2 twice weekly intravenously. None of the patients had previously received radiation or chemotherapy. The median dose of peplomycin received was 160 mg (range 45-254). One patient obtained a partial remission lasting 3 months. One out of 21 patients developed clinical symptoms and a decrease in the lung function test performed during treatment indicative of toxicity. Other manifestations of toxicity are comparable to those of bleomycin.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Biochemical markers for testicular germ-cell tumors in relation to histology and stage: some experiences from the Danish testicular cancer (DATECA) Study from 1976 through 1981.

The DATECA Project was started in January 1976 and includes all patients with testicular cancer in Denmark. During the first 6 years, 1246 patients entered the joint protocol for histology, staging, management, and clinical use of tumor markers. Only 746 DATECA patients fulfilled the claims for being ideally monitored with preoperative as well as postoperative serologic marker determinations. The overall prevalence of marker positivity, that is, elevated preoperative values of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and/or human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was 8% for patients with seminoma and 63% for patients with nonseminomatous disease. The prevalence of increased marker concentration in serum was correlated to stage (higher prevalence in higher stages) and to prognosis (marker-negative patients had a better prognosis than did marker-positive patients). An increased concentration of AFP or HCG was correlated with the presence of a primary endodermal sinus tumor and choriocarcinoma component, respectively.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Secondary surgery in advanced testicular germ-cell tumors.

Twenty-four patients with residual tumor after intensive chemotherapy for advanced testicular germ-cell tumors were subjected to secondary surgery. Twenty patients had complete resection with the following distribution of histological types: 4 embryonal carcinoma, 9 mature teratoma and 7 fibrous tissue. Eighteen of these patients remain free of disease. Four patients had incomplete resection. Two of these patients with embryonal carcinoma died later despite further treatment; 2 patients with teratoma remain free of disease. Secondary surgery is recommended in cases where residual tumor is found after intensive chemotherapy and where tumor markers are not elevated.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1983

Serum testosterone, LH, and FSH in patients with testicular cancer before and after radio- and chemotherapy.

Serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured in 73 patients with germ cell testicular cancer in stages I and II. Blood samples were taken after unilateral orchidectomy but immediately before irradiation and chemotherapy, and again 1 to 3 years after cessation of therapy. No difference was found between pre- and post-treatment testosterone values. Patients who received radiotherapy only, had similar pre- and post-treatment luteinizing hormone values, whereas the patients who received chemotherapy in addition to irradiation still had elevated luteinizing hormone values 1 to 3 years after cessation of therapy. These values fell towards the pretreatment levels during the follow-up period. Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone were already higher than normal before treatment and increased further during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Continuous versus alternating combination chemotherapy for advanced small cell carcinoma of the lung.

In a 2-year period, 146 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung, staged as having extensive disease, were randomized to receive either continuous chemotherapy consisting of (a) 1-(2-chloroethyl-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and vincristine followed by (b) 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-[4,6-O-(R) ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside] and doxorubicin at progression of disease or a regimen of (a) alternating with (b). Seventy-six patients received the continuous regimen; 70 patients received alternating treatment. Response rates were 68 and 72%, respectively. The median duration of response was 16 weeks in patients receiving continuous treatment compared to 28 weeks in patients receiving alternating treatment (p less than 0.05). No survival time difference was observed between the groups, median survival being 36 and 38 weeks, respectively. Four patients became long-term survivors (5.6 +, 5.5 +, 5.1, and 4.7 + years). All received alternating therapy. Six toxic deaths were observed among patients receiving continuous therapy compared to only one death among those in the alternating regimen. In conclusion, alternating combination chemotherapy leads to prolonged duration of remission. Duration of survival is not prolonged in uncured patients, but an increased possibility of long-term disease-free survival cannot be precluded.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1982

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) and hexamethylmelamine in advanced ovarian carcinoma: a phase II study.

Thirty-eight previously treated patients with ovarian carcinoma received a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (CDDP) and hexamethylmelamine (HMM). The schedule was CDDP 75 mg/m2 i.v. with forced diuresis on day 1, followed by HMM 200 mg/m2 p.o. on days 8-21, repeated every 4 weeks. In 29 evaluable patients an overall response rate (CR + PR) of 35% with a median response duration of 4.5 months was observed. The performance status seemed to be an important prognostic factor. The gastrointestinal- and neurotoxicities were severe and resulted in dose modification and/or drug discontinuation in half of the patients. In conclusion, CDDP and HMM is an active drug combination in advanced ovarian carcinoma resistant to conventional chemotherapy. A possible superiority of this combination compared with CDDP or HMM alone has to await randomized trials.

Adult↗