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Biomedical subjects

M Rademaker

Publications and source records attributed to M Rademaker.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Contact dermatitis in children.

125 children under the age of 12 years were patch tested over a period of 7 years. 60 (48%) of the children had 1 or more positive (+ve) reactions, of which 92% (55/60) were considered relevant. The most common allergens were metals (35 + ves), fragrances (24 + ves) and rubber compounds (11 + ves). 40 of the children were also tested for contact urticaria against food additives and fragrances, of whom 20 were positive (benzoic acid 14, cinnamaldehyde 12).

Acrolein↗
PubMed1989

Allergic reactions to rubber condoms.

With the increased use of condoms, contact dermatitis to rubber is being seen more often. To develop a rubber condom suitable for use by rubber sensitive people, a "hypoallergenic" condom, which is washed in ammonia to reduce the residues of rubber accelerators, has been manufactured. Fifty patients allergic to various rubber accelerators were patch tested with an ordinary condom and the new washed condom. Fifty patients undergoing routine patch test investigation who were not allergic to rubber were also tested as controls. Twenty two of the rubber sensitive patients had a positive reaction to the new rubber condom compared with four of the control patients. Washing rubber condoms in ammonia does not appear to reduce the residues of rubber accelerators sufficiently for their use by rubber sensitive people. A non-allergenic condom is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Low dose, twice daily captopril and frusemide: a safe, effective and flexible third line treatment regimen for hypertension.

Thirty patients with moderate to severe, uncontrolled hypertension were treated with a captopril/frusemide combination. The initial dose of captopril (6.25 mg or 12.5 mg) produced an acute fall in BP from 162 +/- 6/102 +/- 3 to 132 +/- 6/85 +/- 3 mmHg but at a dose of 12.5 mg three times daily outpatient BPs were not controlled. Frusemide (40 mg/day) was added and increased as necessary at two week intervals until BP was satisfactorily controlled or a total daily dose of 160 mg was reached. During long-term follow-up over a mean period of two years good BPs were achieved with an average daily dose of frusemide of 95 mg and captopril 52 mg (148 +/- 3/90 +/- 2 mmHg). There was no overall change in renal function or plasma potassium although small rises in blood urea were seen in some patients. In a group of 28 patients controlled on this regimen a change to a twice daily schedule without alteration of the dose of captopril or frusemide did not affect clinic BPs. In addition, BP remained controlled throughout the day as measured at home with an electronic sphygmomanometer. No case of glucose interolence was observed despite high doses of frusemide (HbA1 = 7.1 +/- 0.12%) and in 12 patients, where prospective measurements of HbA1 were measured, there was a fall from 7.6 +/- 0.21% to 6.9 +/- 0.16% suggesting an effect of captopril on insulin sensitivity. We conclude that low dose captopril with a variable frusemide dosage represents a simple and effective treatment for moderate to severe hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Altered in vitro hemostasis, clotting, and thrombolysis after oral nifedipine in normal volunteers.

In this study the authors used the Haemostatometer, a new instrument to monitor the pattern of hemostatic plug formation that occurs in holes in polyethylene tubing through which nonanticoagulated blood is flowing under standard conditions. The pattern and speed of blood coagulation, subsequent to hemostasis, was also monitored. Simultaneously, the time until expulsion of hemostatic plugs formed was measured and considered as spontaneous thrombolysis time (STT). In 10 healthy volunteers, blood samples were drawn and tested before and ninety minutes after administration of 10 mg oral nifedipine. After nifedipine, the initial phase of primary hemostasis was delayed (p less than 0.05), the clotting time lengthened (p less than 0.01), and the STT shortened (p less than 0.01). The authors conclude that the effect of nifedipine on hemostasis and thrombolysis could contribute to its therapeutic efficacy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of small doses of methotrexate in patients with psoriasis.

The pharmacokinetics of methotrexate was studied in 23 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. Ten patients received a single oral does and 13 patients a single intramuscular injection of 25 mg methotrexate. Serum methotrexate was measured for 24 hours following administration of the drug using a magnetizable solid-phase radio-immunoassay. The disappearance of methotrexate from the serum fitted a two-compartment model with a distribution phase half-life of 1.18 +/- 0.12 h and an elimination phase half-life of 5.35 +/- 0.62 h following the oral dose and 1.45 +/- 0.22 h and 4.71 +/- 0.32 h, respectively following the intramuscular dose. Peak serum methotrexate concentrations varied greatly between patients but the mean area below the curve for the two routes of administration did not differ significantly. In a further 18 psoriatic patients receiving long-term maintenance methotrexate therapy there was no consistent relationship between salivary and serum methotrexate levels.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Changing relation between home and clinic blood-pressure measurements: do home measurements predict clinic hypertension?

Blood-pressure screening in a family health centre identified 114 patients (53 male, 61 female) with diastolic pressures of 95 mm Hg and greater after three readings in the seated position (mean 163 [SEM 2]/104 mm Hg). All were instructed in the use of the 'Copal UA 231/251' electronic sphygmomanometer and produced a series of readings taken at home over 3 days. They were recalled after 2 weeks and 4 weeks for repeat clinic measurements of blood pressure. Blood pressure fell on successive clinic visits; at the final visit only 59 patients (31 male, 28 female) had diastolic pressures of 95 mm Hg or greater. Average day-time home blood-pressure measurements (155/94 mm Hg) were significantly lower than the screening blood-pressure measurements but were not significantly different from those at the third clinic visit (154/97 mm Hg). Home blood-pressure measurements were successful in predicting outcome at the third clinic visit in 90 (79%) patients; home-monitored pressures suggested normotension when the final clinic visit diastolic blood pressure was still above 95 mm Hg in only 16 (14%) patients. Only 2 of these had a final clinic diastolic pressure above 105 mm Hg. Home monitoring represents a practicable and acceptable alternative to repeated clinic measurements in the initial assessment of hypertensive patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in patients with systemic sclerosis.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of nifedipine 10 mg three times daily for 6 weeks, in 10 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis, is reported. A significant reduction in the duration of attacks of Raynaud's phenomenon was observed. Nifedipine therapy also reduced the number and severity of attacks of Raynaud's phenomenon and the development of new digital ulcers, and increased the digital blood flow, but none of these changes was statistically significant. No alteration in red blood cell deformability or leukocyte chemiluminescence was observed during nifedipine treatment.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging as a screening procedure for methotrexate induced liver damage.

Spin lattice relaxation time (TI) measured with a low field strength magnetic resonance imager in 51 patients with severe psoriasis did not correlate with the histological findings of liver biopsies taken during treatment with oral methotrexate. Liver TI measurement at low magnetic field is of no value as a screening procedure in monitoring methotrexate induced liver damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The treatment of resistant mosaic plantar warts with aggressive cryotherapy under general anaesthetic.

Twelve patients with treatment-resistant mosaic plantar warts were treated with aggressive cryotherapy under a general anaesthetic. Seven patients (58%) had complete cure, two patients (16%) experienced substantial but incomplete clearing of their warts and the remaining three patients (25%) had no improvement. The procedure was well tolerated and post cryotherapy pain was acceptable to the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Prolonged increase in digital blood flow following iloprost infusion in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Thirteen patients with Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis received three 8-hour infusions of a synthetic prostacyclin analogue (Iloprost) on consecutive days and were followed-up over a period of 10 weeks during the winter of 1985/86. Six weeks after infusion, digital peripheral vascular resistance had fallen (P less than 0.05) and dicrotic notch proportion of pulse amplitude increased (P less than 0.05). Digital blood flow and pulse amplitude (measured by photoplethymography) were also increased but did not reach statistical significance. The trend of improvement in these blood flow parameters was still evident after 10 weeks. The number of cutaneous lesions (digital ulcers, etc) fell from 26 lesions before infusion to only 7 lesions by the end of the study, confirming the subjective improvement reported by the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome without the recognized risk factors.

We report two cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), apparently without the usual exposure factors, in whom a temporal association was detected after detailed epidemiological investigation. The index case, a 45 year old housewife, had provided terminal home-nursing care for a 33 year old African man, who died from an undiagnosed encephalitis. At that time she had fissures of the skin of both her hands. Review of post-mortem pathology specimens of the African man allowed a retrospective diagnosis of AIDS with cerebral toxoplasmosis to be made. The type of home-nursing care given by the index case was quite different from that normally provided by health care workers with the training and facilities to prevent the spread of infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗