PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Rahnama

Publications and source records attributed to M Rahnama.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Differential characteristics of neural circulatory control: early versus late after cardiac transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Reappearance of low-frequency (LF) (+/-0.10 Hz) oscillations in RR interval (RR) after cardiac transplantation is indicative of sympathetic efferent reinnervation. We hypothesized that restored LF oscillations in RR in heart transplant recipients (HTRs) are linked to oscillations in muscle sympathetic nerve traffic (MSNA). METHODS AND RESULTS: RR, RR variability, and MSNA were recorded 5+/-2 months (n=7, short-term HTRs) and 138+/-8 months (n=7, long-term HTRs) after heart transplantation and compared with matched hypertensive patients (n=7). A coherence function determined the coupling between LF oscillations in MSNA and RR. RR variance did not differ between short-term and long-term HTRs. However, LF variability was only 1+/-0.5 ms(2) in the short-term HTRs but was 15+/-8 ms(2) in the long-term HTRs (P<0.05). Normalized LF variability was also higher in the long-term HTRs (40+/-14 normalized unites) versus the short-term HTRs (6+/-3 normalized united, P<0.05) but did not differ from the LF variability of the hypertensive patients. Long-term HTRs were taking less cyclosporine (P<0.01) but had higher MSNA than the short-term HTRs (62+/-7 versus 31+/-7 burst/min, respectively, P<0.05). Coherence between LF oscillations in MSNA and RR was similar in the long-term HTRs (0.59+/-0.11) and the hypertensive patients (0.60+/-0.07) and was 3-fold greater than in the short-term HTRs (0.20+/-0.06, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac reinnervation after long-term heart transplantation is characterized by a restoration of the coherence between LF oscillations in RR and MSNA. Higher MSNA in long-term than in short-term HTRs suggests that time elapsed after cardiac transplantation may be a major determinant of sympathetic excitation in heart transplant recipients.

Biological Clocks↗
PubMed2001

Contrasting effects of phentolamine and nitroprusside on neural and cardiovascular variability.

The relative contributions of a central neural oscillator and of the delay in alpha-adrenergic transmission within the baroreflex loop in the predominance of low-frequency (LF) cardiovascular variability during sympathetic activation in humans are unclear. We measured R-R interval (RR), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), blood pressure (BP), and their variability in 10 normal subjects during sympathetic activation achieved by BP lowering with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and alpha-adrenergic blockade using phentolamine. SNP and phentolamine induced comparable reductions in BP (P > 0.25). Despite tachycardia and sympathetic activation with both SNP and phentolamine, LF variability in RR, MSNA, and BP increased during SNP and decreased during phentolamine (SNP: RR +20 +/- 6%, MSNA +3 +/- 5%, systolic BP +9 +/- 6%, diastolic BP +7 +/- 5%; phentolamine: RR -2 +/- 7%, MSNA -34 +/- 6%, systolic BP -16 +/- 8%, diastolic BP -13 +/- 4%, P < 0.05 except systolic BP, where P = 0.09). Thus LF variability is reduced when sympathetic activation is induced by alpha-adrenergic blockade. This suggests that alpha-adrenergic transmission within the baroreflex loop may contribute importantly to the predominance of LF cardiovascular variability associated with sympathetic excitation in humans.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2001

[The influence of experimental corticoid therapy on the zinc levels in the rat's teeth].

It was examined the zinc level in the rats teeth using atomic absorption spectrometry. The animals received hydrocortisone or hydrocortisone with calcium and vitamin A + D3 or hydrocortisone with calcitonin, through 4 and 8 weeks. These results were compared with the control group. It was shown the decrease of zinc level in the rats teeth after 4 weeks of corticoidotherapy. The other drugs administered with hydrocortisone caused the increase of zinc concentration in the teeth. The results of the studies suggest that hydrocortisone induced the zinc mobilization from the hard teeth tissues of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Cadmium and lead content in some herbs, herbal preparation and herbal infusions used by children and adults].

The object of the study were some herbs and preparations of herbs used by children and adults from Lublin's drug-stores and herbal-stores in 2001. The samples of herbs, preparations of herbs and their infusions after evaporation were mineralized in "dry" method in the temp. of 450 degrees C. Cadmium and lead contents were estimated by AAS method from the organic phase. In preparations for children, 56% of the examined samples contained Cd amounts exceeding accepted limits. Levels of Pb were innormal. In herbs and herbal preparations for adults the norm was exceeded in 70% of samples for Cd and 42% for Pb.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The case of the submandibular gland sialolith.

The authors describe a case of a sialolith formation in a submandibular gland over 2 years. A large salivary stone is demonstrated radiologically and surgical treatment is described.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Iron content in rats' teeth in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

On the basis of atomic absorption spectrophotometry rat teeth iron levels in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis were measured. Hydrocortisone caused decreasing of the iron level in rat teeth after both 4 and 8 weeks of the duration of the experiment. The other drugs used in osteoporosis treatment (calcium and calcitonin) administered together with hydrocortisone or separately also influenced the content of this ion in rats' teeth.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Cervicofacial actinomycosis--an issue still present.

On the basis of the literature the authors present the etiopathogenesis, entry of the infection and the course of cervicofacial actinomycosis and they describe treatment possibility of patients with actinomycosis. They also concentrate on the present, atypical clinical picture of the disease, especially in the initial period. They find the sanation of the oral cavity is necessary for a complete recovery.

Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial↗
PubMed2001

The case of low symptoms carotid cavernous fistula.

The authors describe the case of a patient with posttraumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula with a complex of low clinical syndromes. Attention was drawn to oligosymptomatic fistula causing diagnostic difficulties in maxillofacial surgery practice. The study presents diagnostic and treatment methods and their results.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The evaluation of action of anesthetic drugs: Xylodont and Mepidont].

The aim of the study was to establish the quality of the therapeutical action- of two local anaesthetics Xylodont and Mepidont, produced by MOLTENI pharmaceutical firm. The investigation was performed in 199 patients of our clinic undergoing teeth extractions or other small surgical procedures. The following data were specified in a questionnaire: name of a drug, applied doses, range of anaesthetic effect, kind and duration of a surgical procedure. We also paid the very attention to the systemic side effects of the used drugs. The significant number of surgical procedures (96, 5%) were painless. The application of additional drug was necessary only in few cases. The obtained results show that the tested anaesthetics Xylodont and Mepidont are safe and effectively acting drugs suitable for local anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Deep venous thrombosis: prediction by D-dimer?

The utility of D-dimer as an inexpensive, noninvasive method of diagnosing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is debated. We sought to determine whether a qualitative D-dimer assay would have a high correlation with DVT in 65 hospitalized patients who were randomly referred for diagnosis of DVT by venous duplex and duplex Doppler ultrasonography. Patients were excluded from the study if they had any inflammatory, infectious, or malignant condition associated with elevation of D-dimer. The mean level of D-dimer in patients with DVT (16 of 65 patients) was 5,141 ng/mL, compared with 3,024 ng/mL in those without DVT, but there was considerable overlap between the two groups. No patients with a D-dimer level < 2,000 ng/mL had DVT. We conclude that the qualitative D-dimer assay is an excellent exclusionary test for DVT at levels less than 2,000 ng/mL. Limitations of the D-dimer assay and cost-effective issues are discussed.

Adolescent↗