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Biomedical subjects

M Rang

Publications and source records attributed to M Rang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Why do most surgical incisions require lengthening? How to avoid it.

When an incision is retracted, it shortens because skin does not actually stretch--it only shifts. A mathematical model accurately predicted operating room experience. Average retraction of 30-50% shortens an incision by 15%. Therefore, an incision to expose fixed bony landmarks should be 15% longer than the distance between them.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Forearm fractures in children. Cast treatment with the elbow extended.

Fractures of the proximal forearm in young children may be unstable with the elbow flexed but stable with it in extension. Fifteen such fractures were managed by immobilisation in long-arm casts with the elbow extended. Only one patient had more than 15 degrees angulation at the time of bony union. All obtained normal elbow movement at two weeks and full forearm rotation at follow-up. No casts fell off. The extended elbow cast is awkward but it provides an alternative to internal fixation for some unstable fractures.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

The spastic mouse. And the search for an animal model of spasticity in human beings.

An animal model of chronic spasticity would be valuable. There has been little success at producing such a model, however, because there is no frequently occurring natural disease in animals and, after experimental injury, the animals tend to die or recover. Spasticity in animals or humans is one of the many manifestations of an upper motor neuron syndrome; there is no such thing as pure spasticity. Spasticity in animals and humans involves abnormal functions at many levels of the neurologic and muscular systems. Animal models of spasticity may not be directly applicable to human spasticity, because the animal brain is so different from the human brain. Genetically spastic mice are a homogeneous population that have an abnormally functioning neurotransmitter within the central nervous system. This model has been shown to develop abnormalities of muscle growth that ultimately lead to contracture. The spastic mouse shows some promise for investigation of the abnormalities of muscles and joints that occur in spastic humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The problem of Monteggia fracture-dislocations in children.

When a Monteggia fracture is recognized and treated immediately, the results are excellent. Poor results are mostly caused by initially missing the diagnosis. Operative intervention is usually required for those fractures that are unstable after manipulation or recognized too late after injury.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Fractures of the olecranon and radial neck in children.

Over one half of radial neck fractures are associated with other injuries about the elbow. Most radial neck fractures can be treated with closed reduction or with percutaneous probing, even if the other associated injuries require open reduction. The results are good, although radiologic imperfections may be seen after healing. In the older child, olecranon fractures that have significant displacement usually require open reduction with internal fixation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Erythromelalgia.

Erythromelalgia is an extraordinary disorder of unknown etiology and pathophysiology that resembles the post-traumatic reflex dystrophy syndromes but has not been described previously in the orthopedic literature. Its distinctive triad of intense burning extremity pain associated with erythema and increased skin temperature are diagnostic. Primary or idiopathic and a secondary or associated form have been identified. The latter occurs in association with an underlying disease process, especially myeloproliferative disorders. Treatment with pharmacologic agents and surgery are ineffective except in the secondary group where treatment of the associated disorder generally results in a remission. Symptoms in the primary group can be minimized by appropriate environmental control with cooling and avoiding heat-producing situations that would raise skin temperature above a critical thermal threshold.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Congenital calcifying hamartoma. A resolving lesion producing gastrocnemius contracture--report of a case.

An 18-month-boy developed a calcifying mass in the gastrocnemius muscle. The lesion presented on the day of birth and resolved completely within 5 months leaving only a fibrous cord replacing the medial head of the gastrocnemius. There were no facts in the history to suggest the etiology of this lesion. Calcification of a vascular hamartoma with subsequent fibrosis is proposed as a possible explanation. The benign course of this lesion is evidence of the value of conservative treatment.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1977

Is cerebral palsy a preventable disease?

The causes of cerebral palsy in 96 young patients were analyzed. Potentially avoidable situations including inappropriate obstetric management and inappropriate neonatal care occurred in 38%. There should be a shift in emphasis from the rehabilitation of cerebral palsy to its prevention by improving services for reproductive care. Prevention can be undertaken by 1) identification and referral of the mother with a high-risk pregnancy to a perinatal center for her confinement; 2) fetal monitoring and appropriate resuscitation at delivery; and 3) early transfer of compromised infants to a neonatal care unit under good supervision.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1975

Infantile cortical hyperostosis. Follow-up of 29 cases.

Twenty-nine cases of infantile cortical hyperostosis with a wide range of bone involvement are reviewed. Soft tissue painful swellings began before roentgenographic changes appeared in the underlying bone. In 17 babies gradual involvement of different bones was noted. In seven cases lesions previously healed became reactivated. The disease is self-limiting and appears in a narrow age group. Mandibular involvement is most common. The clinical picture and laboratory data are reported. Differential diagnosis and possible etiological factors are discussed. The similarity of infantile cortical hyperostosis to extreme periosteal new bone formation in response to trauma in sensorily deprived children is suggested as a possible etiological factor.

Bone Regeneration↗
PubMed1975

Observations concerning fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in children.

From an anatomical study and clinical review of fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in children, the following conclusions are drawn. The mechanism of injury is a violent varus force with the elbow in extension, the condyle being avulsed by the lateral ligament and the extensor muscles. If the fracture is incomplete, with an intact hinge of pre-osseous cartilage medially, the fragment will not be displaced. If the fracture is complete the fragment may be displaced, and open reduction with internal fixation is mandatory. The results of open reduction more than three weeks after the fracture are no better than those of no treatment at all, and may kill the lateral condylar fragment by damaging its blood supply. The major problem of a neglected fracture is tardy ulnar nerve palsy; to avoid this, immediate anterior transposition of the nerve is recommended, operation for the fracture itself being of no benefit.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonography of the unossified patella in young children.

Ultrasonography has become a useful technique to assess the cartilaginous hip of the newborn. We applied this technique and found that it gave useful information in helping to locate the unossified patella in two cases of congenital dislocation of the patella.

Contracture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudarthrosis of the rabbit tibia: a model for congenital pseudarthrosis?

The purpose of this study was to create a rabbit model of a pseudarthrosis of the tibia by passively constricting circumferential diaphyseal growth. A circumferential strip of Marlex mesh was placed around both tibiae of eight growing rabbits. It was sutured as a circumferential tube on the experimental tibia and not sutured together on the control side. The experimental tibiae developed significant narrowing, cystic changes, and sclerosis. Five of 11 experimental tibiae went on to pathological fracture, compared to no fractures in the eight control tibiae. The mesh was sutured together around both tibiae in another six rabbits. Release of the band 6 weeks later allowed healing of the narrowed tibiae, with or without an experimentally produced fracture. We conclude a passive constriction phenomenon may contribute to the development of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Removal of the band improved the chances of healing, which has implications for the treatment of children.

Animals↗