Sympathetic skin response in scleroderma.
Examination of the sympathetic skin response (SSR) was performed in 32 patients with systemic sclerosis, morphea and mixed connective tissue disease displaying scleroderma-like features. The control group consisted of 26 healthy subjects and 12 patients with other skin diseases and asymmetrical cutaneous changes. Right and left median and tibial nerves were stimulated successively and the responses were recorded from the palms and soles simultaneously. SSR abnormalities (delayed latency, decrease and/or asymmetry of amplitude, absent response) were observed in 68.8% of the patients, most frequently in linear scleroderma. An amplitude asymmetry of the responses from upper extremities was the most characteristic pattern of abnormalities. There was no correlation between the SSR and the localization, degree and character (inclurated oedema, atrophy, sclerosis) of skin changes, the duration of the disease, symptoms of the disorder of the autonomic nervous system symptoms (vasomotor and/or sudomotor) and the changes in capillaroscopy. All patients with slow motor conduction and sensor conduction velocities (MCV and SCV) had lower SSR amplitude and the patients with prolonged skin sensory chronaxy had more often delayed latency. The results revealed presence of disturbances of the autonomic nervous system in all varieties of scleroderma, both systemic and localized forms, even without any other signs of autonomic dysfunction.