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Biomedical subjects

M Rauchfuss

Publications and source records attributed to M Rauchfuss.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Biopsychosocial predictors of preterm labor and preterm delivery? Results of a prospective study].

RESEARCH QUESTION: In addition to medical, job related, sociodemographic risk factors, and health related behavior, topics that traditionally have been less in the focus of attention in this context, such as biographic data, coping with stress, personality variables, pregnancy related attitudes, fears, and the social network were examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 589 women between 16(th) and 22(nd) week of pregnancy were examined using a questionnaire that was designed for the study. This resulted in 508 women pregnant with a single child, whose pregnancy and delivery were examined based on their medical records. Factor analysis and main component analysis with subsequent varimax rotation resulted in factors that were subject to a proof of reliability. Statistical analysis was based on logistic regression. RESULTS: 129 (27.7%) of women displayed signs/indices of an imminent preterm delivery, 29% (5.8%) of whom later actually had a preterm delivery before the end of the 37(th) week of pregnancy. Pregnant women who were in treatment for an imminent preterm delivery appear to have been subject to higher social stress as compared to those, who later later actually gave birth before completing the 37(th) week of pregnancy. Lack of a female network and lack of emotional understanding from the partner are correlated to both of these complications. Specifically, actual preterm delivery appears to be significantly influenced by partner relationship. Another significant predicting variable for imminent and actual preterm delivery appears to be a history of gynecological problems. A distinct risk factor for delivery before completion of the 37(th) week of pregnancy was a history of colpitis. In addition, pronounced anxieties in respect to the pregnancy, and low general anxiety were significant predicting variables for delivery before completion of the 37(th) week of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Partner relationship, female networks, psychosomatic reactivity in terms of diseases/disorders of the reproductive organs, and anxieties appear to be worthwhile targets in the prevention of preterm delivery.

Female↗
PubMed2001

[Child or career? Desire for a child in East and West Berlin].

OBJECTIVE: In the Federal Republic of Germany the rate of the childless women rises. While the topic of unwanted childlessness among gynecologists receives broad attention among gynecologists, the question of (temporaryly?) intended renouncement of pregnancy and birth is of little interest. For the former GDR a low age with the firstborn and a high mother rate were typically. After the "turn" serious modifications of the birth rate in East Germany happened. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The available study examined 1996 motives for and against a child with 554 up-to-date wanted childless women in East- and West-Berlin (population-referred sample). In the questionnaire, besides sociodemographic data, information was raised to own childhood, partnership, occupation, satisfaction with life and for child desire motivation. RESULTS: Apart from the school and vocational termination conceptions on the age with the firstborn, disadvantages for a life with child and value hierarchies for partnership and family were important for the description of the dilemma of compatibility of occupation and family. Eastsocialized women consider a compatibility rather possible. CONCLUSIONS: Targets for vocational development and responsible parenthood for young women come into conflict. Temporal delaying of the child desire leads to an increase of intended and unwanted childlessness with various (psychosomatic) effects on obstetrics and gynecology.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Resource oriented interventions in pregnancy].

Premature labour and premature birth keep on being an unsolved problem in spite of diverse medical measures in the obstetrics. The system of risk catalogues did not meet the expectations and can lead even for the disconcertion from pregnant women. If one places the risks performed in the German mother passport as a basis, approximately 50% of all pregnant women would be risk cases. In current publications stress finds strong attention as a psychophysiological declaration model of premature birth. Own results refer to psychosomatic connections at premature birth. Social relief and here particularly the one through the babies father seems to be a preventive factor with regard to some premature birth. Under a resource-oriented visual angle the salutogenetic-model of Antonovsky is employed for care concepts of the primary and second prevention in the pregnancy as a basis. Specific target group offers for pregnant woman that focus also on the stabilization of their competence feeling, particularly next to knowledge transfer, relaxation training and learning of coping strategies, the activation of social nets and, where appropriate, early inclusion of the partner and offer of communication training for pregnant couples are described as a good complement to traditional prenatal care. A bearing away of the risk-model opens the resources-model for prenatal care new ways and is a challenge also for science.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Unplanned pregnancies in a developed society--a study on a maternity ward in Berlin].

OBJECTIVE: Unplanned pregnancies are still common in developed societies. Although the medical-technical methods are mainly in use for family planning, other methods - not provided by the medical care system - have an important impact on the occurrence of unplanned pregnancies. Moreover the frequency of their use is not accurately recorded in usual study-protocols. The spread of methods based on the knowledge of physiologic infertility in woman's cycle (further: fertility awareness) and their relation to unplanned pregnancies is to be investigated. METHODS: A survey by way of self-administered questionnaire was conducted between September 1997 and March 1998 on women in a maternity ward in a hospital in Berlin (former East-Berlin, n = 220). The use of family planning methods (with a special focus on fertility awareness) and the planning state of pregnancies were recorded. RESULTS: 33 % of delivered pregnancies were unplanned. In the last year before conception occurred the part of the use of fertility awareness grew from 12 % to 30 % and correspondingly 25 % to 32 % of unplanned pregnancies were connected with these methods. CONCLUSIONS: The blanking-out of fertility awareness in the framework of medical care system leads to a constellation where a considerable part of unplanned pregnancies occurs beyond its range. The adequate solution for this problem should be an incorporation of fertility awareness into the mainstream of family planning.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2001

Risk perception and psychological strain in women with a family history of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: The thinking in health psychology is that patients' willingness to adopt preventive health behavior is contingent on their perceiving an increased risk of disease and is influenced by accompanying psychological stress. In counseling women with a family history of breast cancer, physicians focus on encouraging the patient to undergo early detection examinations as recommended. Therefore, it is essential to examine how women in this risk group perceive their own chances of developing breast cancer and to assess the psychological effects of their situation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 129 women with at least one first or second degree relative who had developed breast cancer were enrolled in a questionnaire study. The object was to ascertain the extent to which these women may be expected to realistically estimate their own probability of contracting the disease and what influence risk perception and psychological strain have on their willingness to make use of diagnostic opportunities for early detection. Additionally, the effects on their physical and mental well-being were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the women of the study group, a family history of breast cancer did not always correlate with the subject's perception of an increased risk of contracting the disease compared. On the whole, the majority of the women overestimated their personal risk despite prior genetic counseling. Only slightly less than one quarter of the study group correctly estimated their risk; another quarter underestimated it. The majority of those women who exhibited an increased risk perception were also those who overestimated their probability of personally contracting the disease. They underwent recommended screening examinations significantly less often than women with a low risk perception. However, women subjected to intense psychological strain showed above-average participation in screening programs. CONCLUSIONS: Women with a family history of breast cancer often find it difficult to realistically estimate their own risk of contracting the disease. Increased risk perception had a negative effect on participation in recommended breast cancer screening. Therefore, an effort should be made to correct the patient's overestimation of her personal risk. Integrating psychological counseling in screening programs is essential considering that women from high-risk groups are subjected to increased psychological strain. Further studies are required to more precisely evaluate other psychosocial factors in the behavior of women in risk group toward screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Program and effectiveness of psychologically-oriented preparation for childbirth. 1. Behavior therapeutic program for childbirth preparation].

A program of preparation for childbirth tested at present by the author is demonstrated, and some results of an investigation about anxieties for labour are pointed out. The program of preparation for childbirth is oriented on behavioural and learning-theoretical principles and contains the following elements: information on pregnancy and labour, functions and effects of pains in labour and the influence of anxiety to muscle tension, vasoconstriction and pain as well as a good knowledge of hospital; relaxation training, breathing exercises and anxiety management techniques as well as self-control strategies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Counseling in prenatal diagnosis and possible handicap: medical viewpoint].

The possibility and the application of prenatal diagnostics (PND) has fundamentally changed the psychological experience of pregnancy for the pregnant woman, the expectant father, and society. When dealing with PND a balance between the positive effects for a large number of people and the risks and strains for an also considerable number of affected people must be strived for. This affects the decisions for and against examinations or interventions and coping with these, suitable strategies of care, and also possibilities of cooperation of different professions and institutions. Due to the growing number of possibilities of non-invasive methods a population-based PND is developing from the primarily individual PND. This means that the requirement for informed consent should affect all pregnant women. Informed consent is oriented on the situation, i.e. the more an examination is invasive/risky or the more serious the consequences are, the more extensive the information has to be. This requires a qualified caring person who must have well-founded somatic and psychosomatic knowledge, must also be able to conduct communicative counselling and create relationships, and be cooperative and be able to work in a team.

Adaptation, Psychological↗