Biomedical subjects

M Rea

Publications and source records attributed to M Rea.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Impact of socio-environmental factors on physiological processes of brain damage recovery: contribution of animal models].

This review presents the experimental approaches more widely used in animal models to investigate possible strategies aimed to stimulate plasticity in the nervous system and possibly to increase spontaneous recovery from functional/neurological diseases such as neonatal anoxia. Methods used in laboratory rodents are briefly described. Attention is focused on possible enrichments of the social and physical environment during the development.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Crown fractures: effectiveness of current enamel-dentin adhesives in reattachment of fractured fragments.

OBJECTIVE: The introduction of the current enamel-dentin adhesives has simplified the reattachment of fractured dentinal fragments. The objective of this study was to determine the strength needed to detach coronal fragments reattached with the most recent adhesives. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A complete coronal fracture was caused on the incisal one third of 40 noncarious maxillary and mandibular lateral and central incisors. Each fractured coronal fragment was reattached to its tooth with the enamel-dentin adhesive Scotchbond MP, All-Bond 2, Dentastic, or One-Step (10 specimens each). RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between 2 similar fourth-generation adhesives that use orthophosphoric acid as etchant (Dentastic and All-Bond 2) and a fourth-generation adhesive that uses maleic acid as etchant (Scotchbond MP). The values obtained with the fifth-generation adhesive (One-Step) were significantly inferior to those obtained with the other 3 enamel-dentin adhesives. CONCLUSION: In the reattachment of fractured tooth fragments, fourth-generation adhesives can guarantee a bonding force stronger than fifth-generation adhesives.

Dental Bonding↗

PubMed1998

Evaluating therapist competency and adherence to behavioral family management with bipolar patients.

The present study assessed fidelity to the behavioral family management (BFM) model for treating bipolar disorder patients and their families. The BFM Therapist Competency/Adherence Scale (BFM-TCAS) was developed to evaluate clinicians' competency and adherence to BFM, as outlined by Miklowitz' (1989) BFM Manual for use with bipolar patients. Therapist competency and treatment adherence was also evaluated with regard to two family characteristics: overall level of family difficulty and family expressed emotion (EE) status. The BFM-TCAS was used to code 78 videotaped sessions of 26 families with a bipolar member, selected from a larger treatment study of bipolar disorder patients. The findings suggest that, overall, clinicians adhered closely to the BFM manual. Specific areas in which there was high competency and treatment adherence were (a) skill in conveying factual information about bipolar illness, (b) establishment of a therapeutic environment, and (c) ability to take command of therapy sessions. The one area in which there was less competency and relatively weak adherence to the manual was the use of between-session homework assignments to assist families in mastering the BFM exercises. Results of this study also suggest that, for the most part, therapist competency and adherence ratings were not related to overall level of difficulty or to family EE status.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Response manipulation on the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List-Revised.

The scoring pattern of the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List-Revised (MAACL-R) under both "simulate good" and "simulate bad" conditions and under two instructional sets, either "simulate" (Sample 1) or "simulate with caution" (Sample 2), was studied in an experiment in which the MAACL-R state form was administered to two groups of college students, each consisting of 160 participants. Each participant was tested twice with both a baseline "actual" trial and either a "simulate bad" or "simulate good" trial with the "actual" and experimental "simulate" trials counterbalanced. Participants in Sample 2, but not Sample 1, received instructions to be "cautious so as not to be detected." As expected, the scoring pattern of the MAACL-R was susceptible to response manipulation in the predicted directions. However, instructions to "simulate with caution" did not produce significantly different scores than did instructions to "simulate" alone. In the second study, Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) was used to determine the utility of each MAACL-R scale to detect response simulation. For both "simulate bad" and "simulate good," the PA and PASS scales showed the highest correct classification rates. However, detection of simulating bad was more accurate than determination of simulating good.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Assessing and overcoming situational obstacles to dietary adherence in adolescents with IDDM.

PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a tool for assessing selected aspects of dietary adherence in adolescents with diabetes mellitus (IDDM). METHODS: The Situational Obstacles to Dietary Adherence Questionnaire (SODA) is a 30-item inventory that yields a total self-efficacy score and scales that measure cognitive and behavioral coping strategies. Alternative forms of the SODA were administered at the beginning and end of a summer camp for youngsters with IDDM in order to obtain evidence for its reliability and validity, and to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention. The program consisted of two 50-minute small group sessions intended to help adolescents with IDDM improve their ability to cope with challenging dietary situations. Using the method of anchored instruction, the campers first viewed a video about a teenager with diabetes who faces common situations that make diabetes self-management difficult. Group problem-solving sessions led by a registered dietitian were used to help campers learn more effective ways to solve dietary problems. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results suggested that the SODA has reasonable reliability and validity. In addition, anchored instruction improved dietary self-efficacy and changed young adolescents' estimates of how often they would use selected cognitive and behavioral strategies to solve dietary problems.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Effectiveness of the current enamel-dentinal adhesives: a new methodology for its evaluation.

Two Class II boxes of standardized dimensions were prepared in each of 10 extracted third molar teeth. The dentinal adhesives Syntac, Gluma 2000, Scotchbond MP, and All-bond 2 were applied to five boxes each. All the boxes were restored with the same photopolymerizing resin composite. The microleakage of each restoration was measured in the permeability cell. The physiologic solution able to seep between the walls of the cavity and resin composite was measured and the flux of the liquid over time was calculated. All-Bond 2 was the only adhesive found, in some specimens, to make the dentin completely impermeable and to form an extremely precise seal between the resin complete material and the underlying dentinal surface. The flux values for all four adhesives were significantly different; Syntac allowed the greatest amount of microleakage. However, these in vitro results should not be considered absolute values.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1993

[Gallstone ileus].

Gallstone ileus is a rare condition whose diagnosis may be difficult. From January 1976 to December 1991 4 cases of gallstone ileus were treated in our hospital, representing 1% of all patients admitted with mechanical bowel obstruction during that period. Three patients were treated by enterolithotomy alone to remove the impacted stone. In one patient intestinal resection of the bowel tract was associated followed by end to end anastomosis. One patient died (33%) seven days after surgery for cardiopulmonary failure. In one patient the obstruction resolved with the passage of a stone per rectum. The Authors conclude that enterolithotomy alone should be the standard procedure for gallstone ileus. The repair of cholecyst-enteric fistula should be done later only if there are continuing or recurrent symptoms.

Aged↗

PubMed1992