[DNA analysis in gestational trophoblastic disease].
OBJECTIVE: DNA analysis of different forms of gestational trophoblastic disease. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Slovak Center of Trophoblastic Disease, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. METHODS: In the period of September 1993 to April 2003, eighty-nine cases of gestational trophoblastic disease were analysed. There were 22 cases of partial hydatidiform moles, 58 cases of complete hydatidiform mole, 5 cases of invasive mole and 4 cases of gestational choriocarcinomas. Southern hybridization and polymerase chain reaction were used for DNA analysis. RESULTS: From 22 analyzed cases of partial hydatidiform moles 19 (86.4%) were triploid and 3 (13.6%) diploid ones. There were 58 cases of complete hydatidiform mole and out of them 29 (50%) were homozygous, 28 (48.3%) heterozygous, and in one case (1.7%) both paternal and maternal genome was detected. In 8 cases of heterozygous and in one case of homozygous complete hydatidiform mole occurred a malignant transformation to gestational choriocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular analysis can determine the nuclear DNA origin of complete hydatidiform mole and allow us to define the patients with higher risk of malignant transformation usually to gestational choriocarcinoma.