Relation of human sperm acrosin activity and fertilization in vitro.
The aim of the study described here was to determine the possible contribution of the acrosin activity test to routine semen analysis in enhancing the precision of the prognosis of IVF success in a group of patients in which the contribution of the egg factor to infertility was ruled out (20 cases) compared to a control IVF group (39 cases). Semen analysis, acrosin activity and acrosome ultrastructure were determined for all semen samples. The group with high fertilization rates was comprised of normozoospermic patients while the group with low fertilization rates was comprised of astheno-teratozoospermic patients. The mean acrosin level of the positive IVF group was significantly higher than that of the negative group (51.7 +/- 33.2 and 28.6 +/- 13.7, respectively). Two parameters: per cent motile spermatozoa and acrosin level, were found to have a significant positive correlation with subsequent successful IVF (r = 0.36, P < 0.006; r = 0.37, P < 0.004, respectively); and agenesis of the acrosome was found to have a significant negative correlation (r = -0.33, P < 0.01). The ability of these parameters to correctly predict fertilization success was 59%, with 5% false positive, among which 15.4% was predicted solely by the acrosin level (above 54 microIU 10(6) cells-1) and 23% solely by per cent motile spermatozoa (above 50%). Abnormalities of the acrosome ultrastructure did not contribute further to the correct classification. The apparent clinical benefit of the acrosin level test is discussed.