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Biomedical subjects

M Reusch

Publications and source records attributed to M Reusch.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Intracellular chloride activity of leech neurones and glial cells in physiological, low chloride saline.

Leech blood apparently contains considerably less chloride than generally used in physiological experiments. Instead of 85-130 mM Cl- used in experimental salines, leech blood contains around 40 mM Cl- and up to 45 mM organic anions, in particular malate. We have reinvestigated the distribution of Cl- across the cell membrane of identified glial cells and neurones in the central nervous system of the leech Hirudo medicinalis L., using double-barrelled Cl(-)- and pH-selective microelectrodes, in a conventional leech saline, and in a saline with a low Cl- concentration (40 mM), containing 40 mM malate. The interference of anions other than Cl- to the response of the ion-selective microelectrodes was estimated in Cl(-)-free salines (Cl- replaced by malate and/or gluconate). The results show that the absolute intracellular Cl- activities (aCli) in glial cells and neurones, but not the electrochemical gradients of Cl- across the glial and the neuronal cell membranes, are altered in the low Cl-, malate-based saline. In Retzius neurones, aCli is lower than expected from electrochemical equilibrium, while in pressure neurones and in neuropil glial cells, aCli is distributed close to its equilibrium in both salines, respectively. The steady-state intracellular pH values in the glial cells and Retzius neurones are little affected (< or = 0.1 pH units) in the low Cl-, malate-based saline.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Serial subculture and relative transport of human endothelial cells in serum-free, defined conditions.

Endothelial cells bind, process, and transport bioactive molecules and thus provide an interactive interface between the plasma and adjacent tissues. Various hormones and factors induce endothelial cells to synthesize and secrete interactive factors. However, study of endothelial cell synthesis, processing, and transport of these bioactive molecules has been impeded because of the serum requirement for cell growth. Many of these bioactive molecules are derived from or are modified by serum components. We have developed a short-term culture system that supports sequential subculturing of endothelial cells in a serum-free culture medium on a defined extracellular matrix. The cells have a doubling rate of 33 h and the total cell number can be expanded more than 800-fold. Expression of specific markers; factor VIII related antigen-von Willebrand factor, Wiebel-Palade bodies, a cobblestone appearance of confluent cell monolayers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity confirm the normal morphologic integrity and biochemical function of these cultures. Using this defined serum-free medium, we have grown human endothelial cell monolayers on porous polycarbonate membrane inserts, thereby creating an upper and a lower chamber that models the vascular architecture and demonstrates an inverse relationship between transport and molecular weight. By eliminating serum components, this model system should facilitate the study of endothelial cell binding, metabolism, and transport of bioactive molecules and may contribute to a better understanding of the blood-tissue interface.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring to evaluate laparoscopic Lind fundoplication in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Laparoscopic and thoracoscopic techniques have provided a new dimension in the correction of functional disorders of the esophagus. Therapeutic success, however, depends on the confirmation of esophageal disease as a cause of the symptoms, on understanding the basic cause of dysfunction and on identifying the surgical patient. This study is a retrospective study of patients submitted to surgery using the Lind procedure for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The purpose of this study is to establish the value of the routine use of esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring in order to select patients and perform pre and postoperative functional evaluation. Forty-one patients (68.3%) had a hypotonic lower esophageal sphincter. The average pressure was 9.2 mm Hg preoperatively and 15.2 mm Hg postoperatively, with an increase of 6.0 mm Hg. This increase was 8.8 mm Hg in hypotonics and 4.3 mm Hg in the normotonics. There was a certain degree of hypomotility of the esophageal body in 14 patients (23.3%) and, of this group, 4 (28.5%) improved postoperatively. Pathological acid reflux was found in 51 cases (85.0%) by pH monitoring. The mean of the preoperative DeMeester score was 31.4, later dropping to 3.2. Esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring are effective methods for revealing the level of functional modification established by anti-reflux surgery and for helping to objectively perform the selection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic hernia repair--complications.

Laparoscopic hernioplasty is a technique which can present a number of specific complications. This paper reviews the complications that can occur during laparoscopic hernia repair and ways to avoid them; it also describes the surgical technique used successfully in over 1000 cases. Initial experience suggests that complications can be avoided with adequate knowledge, attention to surgical anatomy and the proper technique of laparoscopic hernioplasty. Early recurrences are rare and invariably result from inadequate surgical technique. Inadequate fixation of the mesh, inadequate mesh size, and failure to cover unidentified wall defects (hernias which have never been repaired), are the main causes of early recurrence of hernia. Experience, knowledge of complications and how to avoid them, adequate training and attention to the anatomy of the inguinal region are the most important factors in correcting inguinal hernia successfully by laparoscopy.

Adult↗