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Biomedical subjects

M Riou

Publications and source records attributed to M Riou.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Hormonal variation in bitches after early or mid-pregnancy termination with aglepristone (RU534).

Seven bitches in early pregnancy (12.8 +/- 3.8 days after ovulation; group 1) and seven bitches in mid-pregnancy (32.0 +/- 1.53 days after ovulation; group 2) were used in this study. For each group, five bitches were treated with 0.10 mg aglepristone (Alizine) kg-1 and this dose was repeated 24 h later. Two control bitches received a placebo. Blood samples were collected at 6 h intervals to determine plasma concentrations of progesterone, dihydro-keto prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM), oxytocin, prolactin and cortisol. Parturition occurred in the four control bitches. All bitches treated with aglepristone aborted. In group 1, embryonic death occurred; in group 2, fetal expulsion occurred 60-132 h after administration of aglepristone. After pregnancy termination, the interoestrous interval of aglepristone-treated bitches was significantly shorter than that before treatment. Treatment with aglepristone did not modify plasma concentrations of progesterone, prostaglandin, oxytocin or cortisol within 24 h after its administration, but it induced, in mid-pregnancy (group 2) a discharge of prolactin within 12 h after its administration. As an abortifacient, aglepristone acted on the uterus and, therefore, did not have direct or immediate luteolytic properties. Termination of pregnancy occurred with high plasma progesterone concentrations. Fetal expulsion was characterized by an increase in the concentration of PGFM, but oxytocin and cortisol remained at basal concentrations.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1996

[Isolation rooms in the psychiatric environment].

To date, there has been no survey concerning psychiatric isolation rooms in France. We conducted a mail survey in 1993 involving all adult psychiatric care catchment areas covering the French departments. The survey revealed an estimated number of 1560 isolation rooms. Isolation rooms were considered as absolutely necessary in all the departments but also as an unsatisfactory solution by one-third of them. Isolation rooms were usually small and poorly adapted to efficient patient surveillance. Furthermore, equipment was often inadequate, particularly for noise and fire protection. A serious accident (fire, suicide, escape) was reported by large number of departments. The rooms were used for agitated psychotic (84%) and psychopathic (16) people. Although requested by the physician, but also in some cases by the patient, conditions of use and design of isolation rooms may be dangerous both for the patient and the nursing staff. Financial investment devoted to isolation rooms varies greatly and there is no specific control over the number of installation. Construction must comply with precise specifications defined in co-ordination with the experts involved.

Accidents↗
PubMed1984

[Coronary spasm during repeated anesthesia].

Coronary arterial spasm observed during the course of two repeated anaesthesias in a patient having undergone aorto-femoral bypass grafting is reported by the authors. Such complications are accompanied by serious ventricular arrhythmias, though transient and healing without sequelae. Clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of peroperative coronary arterial spasm are underlined. In patients prone to developing such spasm, peroperative alkalosis, hypothermia and parasympathetic stimuli should be avoided. Are emphasized the efficiency of preventive treatment with calcium antagonists and that of intravenous nitroglycerin in the treatment of peroperative coronary arterial spasm when it does occur.

Alkalosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamic study of anti-HIV antibody avidity after cellular immunity restoration under antiretroviral treatment].

We have studied the evolution of the avidity of anti-HIV antibodies, in 14 infected patients with Aids, including 11 patients with severe immunodeficiency at Aids stage and under active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and 3 non-treated patients with moderate immunodeficiency. These patients have been followed up to 4 years, every 4 months the first year and every 6 months the three others, with HIV1 RNA viral load, CD4 and CD8 cells dosages and anti-HIV avidity measurements (Axsym HIV-1/2), using 1 M guanidine denaturation. A rapid decrease of the viral load was observed under Haart, inducing immune restoration with CD4 and CD8 cells increases (10 and 2-fold respectively). The decrease of anti-HIV avidity (- 20%) has been observed after 5 to 8 months under Haart, with a return to baseline value (84%). The quick restoration of CD4 cells with a persistence of viral antigens at the beginning of treatment has facilitated the selection of novel naive B lymphocytes producing low-affinity antibodies, measured by the decrease of global anti-HIV avidity. The reduction or even clearance of viral antigens under Haart could secondarily induce the selection of B lymphocytes with higher antibody affinity and therefore higher anti-HIV avidity. Thus, this avidity measurement could be used to assess the functional activity of CD4 cells restoration in HIV infected patients under Haart.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibody avidity: use for the diagnosis of HIV early infection].

Determination of IgG avidity is useful to distinguish primary infection from reactivation or reinfection in viral, parasitic or bacterial infections. For diagnosis of HIV type 1 primary infection, the detection of IgM antibodies is often useless since they are also found in chronic infection. The usual serology (Elisa, western-blot, p24 antigen) may present no interest if done too late (more than 2 or 3 months after infection). Therefore, we have developed a test to determine the avidity of anti-HIV1 antibodies, using 1 M guanidine as denaturing agent. We have adapted the measurement of avidity to the Axsym automatic system for a routine use. Indeed, since requests for avidity determinations are sporadic, the use of microplates is not convenient. Using this assay, we found a low avidity (less than 50%) in immunocompetent and recent infected patients (less than 6 months), compared to old infected patients (more than 12 months) who had high avidity (80 to 100%). However, early treated patients (in the 6 months after contamination) had also low avidities but with a slower development of antibody maturation (8 to 27 months versus 2 to 8 months in non treated patients). To conclude, the determination of the anti-HIV1 avidity, according to the proper procedures explained here (notion of treatment and/or serious immunodepression), may help the physician to date the infection in each new infected patient who might benefit from an early treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗