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M Robins

Publications and source records attributed to M Robins.

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The National Survey of Stroke. Incidence.

The following estimates were made, based on data from The National Survey of Stroke: 1. About 297,000 persons were hospitalized annually for an initial stroke in the conterminous U.S. during the two-year baseline period 1975-76, an annual incidence rate of 140.7 per 100,000 population; 2. Incidence rates of initial strokes escalate rapidly with advancing age. Between the ages of 45 to 85, the average rates of increase in age-specific rates doubles from one 10-year age group to the next; and 3. Among persons over 45, the age-specific incidence rates are markedly higher for men than for women. After adjusting the crude incidence rates for men and women due to differences in their age composition, the average risk of an initial stroke is about 44 percent higher for men than for women. However, this statistic primarily represents the fact that males have a 60 percent higher age-adjusted incidence rate than do females for infarction strokes; whereas, the age-adjusted incidence rate for hemorrhagic strokes is 53 percent higher for females than for males.

Acute Disease↗
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The National Survey of Stroke. Survival and prevalence.

Based on five years of data, 1971-1976, age- and type-specific survival rates were calculated. These rates, in addition to the incidence rates reported in chapter 4, became the basis for generating estimates of prevalence. The results corroborated many of the hypotheses about stroke survival and prevalence. Briefly, the results from the National Survey of Stroke indicate the following: 1. Survival after an initial attack is a function of both age and type of stroke. Younger patients survive longer than do older patients, and infarction patients survive longer than do hemorrhagic stroke patients; 2. Regardless of type of stroke or age at first stroke, there is a period of high mortality for the first 30 days, followed by a fluctuating mortality for the next 150 days, and a constant mortality thereafter for the next four and one-half years; and 3. The prevalence of acute stroke was approximately 1.7 million, a rate of 794 per 100,000 population, as of July 1, 1976. Approximately 75 percent of the prevalence cases represent individuals between the ages of 55 and 84 years, and the age-specific rates show a marked increase with advancing age.

Adult↗