[Cell activation and apoptosis as markers of hemodialysis-induced inflammation].
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Apoptosis↗
Biomedical subjects
M Rodríguez
Publications and source records attributed to M Rodríguez.
[Adenocarcinoid of the appendix: prognostic factors and current treatment].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
An evaluation of a polyantigenic ELISA to detect Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.
The diagnostic reliability of the Enzygnost EBV test (DadeBehring, Germany) for the detection of IgG and IgA antibodies in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recurrent disease was investigated. Of 81 serum samples examined there were fourteen asymptomatic patients without EBV infection, 46 with past EBV infection, and 21 patients with EBV reactivation. The Enzygnost EBV test was based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a pool of viral antigens. The reliability of IgG at >650 IU/ml, and IgA for the diagnosis of reactivation or chronic persistent EBV infection gave 100% sensitivity, 83.3% and 98.3% specificity, respectively. The data indicated that the appearance of EBV IgA was associated with EBV reactivation together with clinical manifestations.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Oxidation of nitrobenzene by O3/UV: the influence of H2O2 and Fe(ll). Experiences in a pilot plant.
Abstract The degradation of nitrobenzene using some advanced oxidation processes (O3/UV, O3/UV/H2O2 and O3/UV/Fe(III)) has been investigated. In the combined O3/UV process, the effect of pH and ozone was studied. In the other combinations, the influence of the amount of hydrogen peroxide and ferric ion in the degradation rate and TOC evolution, has been studied. Under our conditions, the combination O3/UV did not improve the degradation rate obtained by ozonation. The best TOC decrease was obtained when the O3/UV process was carried out at low ferric ion concentrations.
Ferric Compounds↗
[Central nervous system malformations in a Clinical Hospital of Universidad de Chile and in Chilean maternity hospitals that participated in the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC)].
BACKGROUND: In Chile, the rates of central nervous system congenital malformations at birth remain high, when compared with the rest of the world. AIM: To report the rates of central nervous system congenital malformations in Chilean hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the ECLAMC protocol, every malformed newborn or stillbirth, weighing more than 500 g at birth is registered using a standard protocol, and the next non malformed child of the same sex born in the same hospital is assigned as control. RESULTS: The rates of central nervous system congenital malformations are higher at the University of Chile Clinical Hospital than in the rest of Chilean hospitals or Latin American Hospitals. There are significantly higher rates of anencephalia in Concepcion and spina bifida in Valdivia, Rancagua and Concepcion. In the University of Chile Clinical Hospital, global annual rates have a negative slope of -0.0259 per 1000 born alive, with a correlation coefficient of -0.125 (p < 0.05). The slope is positive among children born alive, with an annual rate increase of 0.071. Among stillbirths, the slope is -0.47 per 1000 born alive. Sixty two percent of malformed children were female. Among children with neural tube defects, 30% had a malformed relative and, of these, 66% had the same malformation. CONCLUSIONS: Family clustering of neural tube defects, supports the influence of a genetic factor influencing their appearance.
Adolescent↗
Profile of the inflammatory bowel disease patient with depressive disorders.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients attending the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic of the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine and determine whether these characteristics are risk factors for the development of a depressive disorder. METHOD: Sixty-seven patients attending the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic of the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine were assessed for the presence of depressive symptoms using a simple questionnaire (CES-D) and a detailed diagnostic evaluation (CIDI-DSM IV Module E). Age, gender, education, time of IBD diagnosis, duration of treatment, psychiatric history, treatment with corticosteroids, and activity of IBD were determined and correlated with the presence of depressive symptoms and depressive diagnosis. Study data was tabulated on Epi-Info 6.0 and it was analyzed using SPSS version 10. Univariate (includes means and frequencies), bivariate (t-student, Kruskal Wallis and Chi-square) and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were performed. RESULTS: Patients older than 34 years old had three times higher probability of developing a depressive disorder (p = 0.043, OR = 3.22). Patients with a psychiatric history had seven times higher probability of developing depressive disorder (p = 0.004, OR = 7). CONCLUSION: The risk factors identified with an increased probability of developing a depressive disorder were age older than 34 years and psychiatric history.
Adolescent↗
Occupational photoallergic contact dermatitis to olaquindox.
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Animal Husbandry↗
[Time course of the myocardial infarction in the rabbit].
The histopathologic evolution of myocardial infarct and of areas distant from infarct in rabbit hearts was studied. The left coronary artery of 55 rabbits was ligated, and rabbits were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 16, 18, 26, 35 and 56 days post-ligature (n = 5 per group). Two rabbits were used as control and two were sham operated. The hearts were excised, cut in slices and stained with hematoxilin-eosin, Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red. Histological evaluation was semi-quantitative (scale: 0 to +++). At day 2, presence of neutrophils was +++, disappearing completely at day 6. Fibroblast proliferation increased from day 4 to day 14 post-occlusion. Coagulation necrosis in medial myocardium during the first week was +++. Subendocardic myocytolysis was evident from day 2 up to day 56 post-infarction. During the second week, proliferation of lymphocytes and macrophages (+++), granulation tissue formation (+++), and incipient traces of fibrosis that peaked at day 35 were observed. Cicatrization was complete at day 56 (+++). In areas far from infarction (right ventricle and septum), proliferation of fibroblasts was observed at day 2, and perivascular, interstitial and endocardic fibrosis at day 16. In conclusion, myocardial infarction in rabbits, unlike myocardial infarction in human beings, is characterized by early presence of fibroblasts and subendocardic fibrosis, and quick increase and precocious disappearance of neutrophils. An interesting finding was the early proliferation of fibroblasts in normal areas far from infarct.
Animals↗
[Feeding and defecation of Rhodnius (hemiptera: Reduviidae) fed human blood].
Feeding and defecation behavior of Rhodnius prolixus Stal, 1859, R. robustus Larrousse, 1927, R. neivai Lent, 1953 and R. pictipes Stal, 1872, artificially fed on human blood, were studied under laboratory conditions. In all species, first instar nymphs did not defecate in the first 30 minutes after feeding. R. pictipes did not accept artificial feeding but fed directly on humans. Nymph and adult R. prolixus had a higher defecation index (DI) than other species; third instar nymphs had the highest DI = 1.62. In all instars, most individuals accepted the food in 3 Pounds minutes and finished feeding in less than 15 minutes.
Animals↗
Compartmental organization and chemical profile of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the rat.
The substantia nigra (SN) is a midbrain center composed of dopaminergic (DA-) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic (GABA-) neurons. In this study, we investigated the topographical relationship between both cell populations and their chemical profile by using single and double immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), cholecystokinin (CCK), calretinin (CR), calbindin (CB), parvalbumin (PV), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Our results showed that DA-cells are arranged in two bands, one rostrodorsal that corresponds to the SN pars compacta (SNC), and another caudoventral that corresponds to the SN pars reticulata (SNR) and emits cell bridges that make contact with the rostrodorsal one. In the SNR, GABA-cells are arranged in dorsoventrally elongated clusters that occupy DA-cell free regions. According to cytoarchitectural, topographical, and chemical criteria, we identified ten different cell groups: five dopaminergic ones, and five GABAergic ones. Within DA-cells, we found a cell group in the dorsomedial portion of the SNC which contains CCK, CR, and CB (dmSNC); DA-cells in the SN pars lateralis (SNL) which also contain CCK, CR and CB; DA-cells in the rostral half of the SNC containing CCK and CR (rSNC); DA-cells in the SNR and the caudal half of the SNC which only express CR (cSNC-SNR), and a DA-cell group in the lateral part of the SNC that contains none of the markers studied (lSNC). Within GABA-cells, we distinguished: large GABA-cells in the SNL that contain PV; large GABA-cells in the rostrolateral part of the SNR containing PV and NOS (rlSNR), small GABA-cells in the caudomedial part of the SNR containing PV (cmSNR), and two groups of small GABA-cells in the rostromedial portion of the SNR, one of them containing CR (rmcSNR), and the other containing NOS (rmnSNR). These data suggest that over a compartmental and complementary organization, DA- and GABA-nigral cells form a mosaic of neurochemically different subnuclei which probably differ in their physiological and pharmacological properties and vulnerability to aggression.
Animals↗
Conjugation and transformation of Streptomyces species by tylosin resistance.
The tlrB gene from Streptomyces fradiae has been cloned and used to construct bifunctional Streptomyces-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors carrying the antibiotic resistance genes to kanamycin-neomycin, thiostrepton and tylosin as selection markers. In the same way, the tlrB gene was subcloned in plasmids including the apramycin resistance gene and the oriT sequence from the plasmid pSET152 to facilitate conjugation of Streptomyces spores. The usefulness of the tlrB gene as tylosin resistance marker was ascertained in Streptomyces lividans, Streptomyces parvulus and Streptomyces coelicolor, but not in Streptomyces clavuligerus. The tlrB gene constitutes a useful selection marker when high-frequency of conjugation/transformation is not required or as secondary marker in recombinant Streptomyces species where thiostrepton and kanamycin have been utilized for primary selection.
Bacterial Proteins↗
Control of ticks resistant to immunization with Bm86 in cattle vaccinated with the recombinant antigen Bm95 isolated from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus.
The recombinant Bm86-containing vaccine Gavac(TM) against the cattle tick Boophilus microplus has proved its efficacy in a number of experiments, especially when combined with acaricides in an integrated manner. However, tick isolates such as the Argentinean strain A, show low susceptibility to this vaccine. In this paper we report on the isolation of the Bm95 gene from the B. microplus strain A, which was cloned and expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris producing a glycosylated and particulated recombinant protein. This new antigen was effective against different tick strains in a pen trial, including the B. microplus strain A, resistant to vaccination with Bm86. A Bm95-based vaccine was used to protect cattle against tick infestations under production conditions, lowering the number of ticks on vaccinated animals and, therefore, reducing the frequency of acaricide treatments. The Bm95 antigen from strain A was able to protect against infestations with Bm86-sensitive and Bm86-resistant tick strains, thus suggesting that Bm95 could be a more universal antigen to protect cattle against infestations by B. microplus strains from different geographical areas.
Animals↗
[Factors associated with the accumulation of abdominal fat estimated with anthropometric indexes].
BACKGROUND: To evaluate lifestyle and dietary intake factors influencing the accumulation of abdominal fat in a Mediterranean population. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried-out in Spain (Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarra and Guipuzkoa) among 23,228 women and 14,332 men aged 29-69 years, participants of a large European prospective cohort (EPIC). Information on usual food intake and other non-dietary factors were collected by interviews. Height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were taken by previously trained interviewers. RESULTS: In a multiple-linear regression analysis sports activities and educational level were negatively associated with abdominal obesity, while body mass index, age, tobacco and alcohol consumption, saturated fat intake and increased prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and myocardial infarction were positively associated. All dietary and non-dietary variables accounted for 22 and 27% of variance in the waist/hip ratio and 74 and 66% of variance in the waist circumference, in women and men respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Body mass index and age are the most important factors influencing the accumulation of abdominal fat. Dietary factors and other lifestyle factors seem to play a minor role in increasing abdominal obesity.
Abdomen↗
[Clinical characteristics of familial rheumatoid arthritis in Spain. A study of 73 families. Spanish Consortium for Rheumatoid Arthritis (CEAR) and European Consortium for Familial Rheumatoid Arthritis (ECRAF)].
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical characteristics and the homogeneity of disease expression between involved members in multicase Spanish rheumatoid arthritis (RA) families. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 73 families with two or more siblings with RA were found, with a total of 149 patients distributed in 79 pairs (70 sib pairs, and 3 sib trios). Demographic, clinical and radiological characteristics were recorded in a standard questionnaire. RESULTS: Clinical characteristics were similar to those of sporadic RA with a high frequency of women (78%), positive rheumatoid factor (RF) (86%), erosions (89%) and a 25% of the patients having extraarticular disease. The most important variable in disease severity was disease duration. The concordance between family members of the same age and calendar year of disease onset, and the pattern of disease expression, was not higher than expected, showing that the disease is heterogenic. CONCLUSION: Environmental factors seem to be more important in RA susceptibility. Clinical characteristics of familiar RA in Spain do not seem to be different from sporadic RA, although differences were found in disease expression within families that may be due to variation of genetic or environmental factors, responsible for the susceptibility and disease duration.
Adult↗
Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf life of sliced wheat flour bread.
The application of modified atmospheres packaging (MAP) of sliced bread with different aw, moisture content and pH values, with or without preservative added (calcium propionate) and at different storage temperatures, has been studied with the aim of establishing the effect of MAP on the shelf-life of the selected product. Four atmospheres were tested per batch: 100% N2, 20% CO2/80% N2, 50% CO2/50% N2 and a standard air control. In samples without added preservative in CO2:N2 (50:50), the increases in shelf life were 117% and 158% at 22-25 degrees C and 15-20 degrees C, respectively. In samples with added preservative in 100% N2, shelf life was increased by 116%. Samples with added preservative in 20% CO2:80% N2 increased shelf life by 150% and 131% at 22-25 degrees C and 15-20 degrees C, respectively. By increasing the CO2 concentration to 50%, the increases in shelf life of the samples with added preservative were 167% and 195% at 22-25 degrees C and 15-20 degrees C, respectively.
Air Pressure↗
Excitatory responses in the 'direct' striatonigral pathway: effect of nigrostriatal lesion.
The existence of a striatonigral GABAergic projection that inhibits substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) cells has been well established. We report on electrophysiological evidence in the rat for a striatonigral excitatory pathway that affects 15% of all SNr cells. Using the antidromic response test to classify SNr cells in relation to their projecting nucleus, an excitatory striatonigral response was found in 57% of cells projecting to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) and 11% of cells projecting to the thalamus. SNr cells innervated by inhibitory or excitatory striatonigral inputs had a similar firing rate but a lower variation coefficient (VC) than SNr cells that did not respond to striatonigral inputs. The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic cells (A9) induced an increase in the percentage of SNr cells excited from the striatum (52%) and in the VC, but no modification of the firing rate or of the number of spikes induced by each striatal stimulus. This increase in VC was found for the striatonigral inhibitory, but not for the striatonigral excitatory pathway. These data indicate that in addition to its inhibitory action, the direct striatonigral pathway has an excitatory activity that is particularly prominent for SNr cells projecting to the pedunculopontine nucleus. Because the percentage of SNr cells excited by this pathway was markedly increased by DA cell degeneration, our findings suggest that the excitatory striatonigral system could be involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
Action Potentials↗
Embolisation with Guglielmi detachable coils during the period of increased risk for cerebral vasospasm: early outcome.
In a retrospective study, we investigated whether embolisation of intracranial aneurysms during the spasm period (days 3-14) after subarachnoid haemorrhage carries an increased risk. A comparison was made with patients embolised during the same period but in the first 2 days after the haemorrhage. The two groups compared well except for a higher incidence of posterior circulation aneurysm in the group with delayed treatment. There seems to be no difference in the short-term outcome between the two.
Embolization, Therapeutic↗
The gene encoding gamma-actin from the cephalosporin producer Acremonium chrysogenum.
The nucleotide sequence of a 3240-bp genomic fragment including the gamma-actin-encoding gene from Acremonium chrysogenum has been determined, showing an open reading frame of 1691 bp, interrupted by five introns with fungal consensus splice-site junctions. The untranslated regions of the actA gene contain a consensus TATA box, a CCAAT motif, pyrimidine stretches and the polyadenylation sequence AATAA. The predicted protein (375 amino acids) revealed high identity to gamma-actins from fungi (> 90%). Gene phylogenies constructed using DNA and protein sequences support the grouping of A. chrysogenum actin close to those from the majority of the filamentous fungi. The actA gene is present as a single copy in the genome of A. chrysogenum; and its expression level, opposite to pcbC and cefEF cephalosporin biosynthetic genes, was steady during cephalosporin fermentation, showing a single 1.4-kb transcript.
Acremonium↗