PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Romer

Publications and source records attributed to M Romer.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sensory-specific satiety with simple foods in humans: no influence of BMI?

OBJECTIVE: Olfacto-gustatory sensory-specific satiety plays an important role in the termination of food ingestion. A defect in this mechanism, by increasing food intake, could be a factor in development of overweight. The present study was conducted to explore whether sensory-specific satiety in the overweight may be different from that in normal-weight subjects. SUBJECTS: 144 subjects (half men, half women; age range: 17-62 years; BMI range: 17-39 kg m(-2)). MEASUREMENTS: Olfactory pleasure (OP) and flavor pleasure (FP) were evaluated before and after ingestion of a single chosen food. Six foods from three classes were offered: cucumber and tomato, pineapple and banana, and peanut and pistachio. According to the subjects' preference for one of them, subjects were classified into six groups (24 subjects each with equal sex ratio). The experimental sequence was (1) evaluation of the six foods (OP), (2) ad libitum intake of the preferred food (FP) and (3) second evaluation of the six foods (OP). RESULTS: Food intake was limited by sensory-specific satiety (that is, a decline in FP for the ingested food) in overweight subjects just as it was in the leanest. There was no significant correlation between BMI and hedonic parameters (OP and FP) or intakes (quantity and volume). Pre-ingestive OP and FP correlated with the ingested food's weight (OP: r=0.468; FP: r=0.415; P<0.01), volume (OP: r=0.428; FP: r=0.407; P<0.01) and intake duration (OP: r=0.184; FP: r=0.343; P<0.05). The decline in OP, but not in FP, correlated with ingested weight (r=0.271, P<0.01) and volume (r=0.263, P<0.01) but not with duration. CONCLUSION: After intake of a single food, olfacto-gustatory sensory-specific satiety correlated with the ingested food's weight and volume and with the duration of ingestion, but not with bodyweight. This suggests that overweight and lean subjects have similar hedonic control of food intake with simple foods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Leaky Rayleigh wave investigation on mortar samples.

Aggressive mineralized ground water may harm the concrete cover of tunnels and other underground constructions. Within a current research project mortar samples are used to study the effects of sulfate interaction in accelerated laboratory experiments. A nondestructive test method based on ultrasonic surface waves was developed to investigate the topmost layer of mortar samples. A pitch and catch arrangement is introduced for the generation and reception of leaky Rayleigh waves in an immersion technique allowing the measurement of their propagation velocity. The technique has been successfully verified for the reference materials aluminium, copper, and stainless steel. First measurements performed on mortar specimens demonstrate the applicability of this new diagnostic tool.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed2004

Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit--two cases and a review of the literature.

Solitary fibrous tumors of the orbit (SFT) are mesenchymal lesions that can develop either as malignant or benign neoplasias. We describe the histological features leading to the diagnosis in two females and review the current literature. Diagnosis of SFT only can be performed by histological examination, since clinical signs and radiological features are not specific enough. Even a malignant or benign course cannot be predicted, since clinical and radiological features do not correlate with histological signs of malignancy and vice versa. Radical resection is the treatment of choice, since no other treatment option has been proven to be efficient.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of antibiotics on the occurrence and course of acute mastoiditis].

Acute mastoiditis is the most common complication of acute otitis media. In the last years routine antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media was questioned and even abandoned in some countries. The goal of our study was to investigate the influence of antibiotic treatment on the occurrence and clinical outcome of acute mastoiditis and to analyse the bacteriological findings. In a retrospective chart review we identified all patients with the diagnosis of acute mastoiditis who had been referred to our tertiary-care centre between 1992 and 1999. We identified 48 patients with 50 episodes. 23 patients (48%) had received antibiotic treatment before admission whereas 25 (52%) had not. The patients with antibiotic pretreatment were older (18 years) than patients without antibiotics (6 years) and their referral was delayed. The most common isolated single pathogen was Streptococcus pneumoniae. All pneumococci were sensitive to penicillin. Acute mastoiditis may be the first clinical sign of a middle ear infection, especially in very young children. Adequate antibiotic pretreatment can not always prevent the development of acute mastoiditis even in the absence of penicillin resistant pathogens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Adenosine-induced non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Adenosine has become widely used because of its diagnostic and therapeutic value in the emergency management of arrhythmias. It produces transient heart block by slowing conduction through the AV node and thus terminates supraventricular tachycardias that involve the atrioventricular node. Bradyarrhythmias of short duration are common side effects of the use of this drug. Premature atrial and ventricular beats have also been reported. The very short half-life and lack of serious adverse effects generally lead to the consideration that adenosine is a safe drug. We describe a 56-year-old woman with a supraventricular tachycardia. To terminate this rhythm disorder intravenous adenosine was given. Interruption of the supraventricular tachycardia was followed by non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alternative therapies in the treatment or oral self-injurious behavior: a case report.

This paper presents the case of a child with severe mental retardation and a history of oral self-injurious behavior (SIB). While the behavior was refractory to a number of dental interventions, some success was achieved through a combination of behavioral therapy techniques and therapeutic touch (a relaxation technique). Etiologies of SIB are discussed, along with descriptions of alternatives to traditional dental therapy for this difficult problem.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predoctoral education in special care dentistry: paving the way to better access?

The number of people with mental retardation and developmental disabilities (MR/DD) living in small community-based group residences is increasing throughout the United States. Dental services to this population, once provided in large institutional settings, must increasingly be sought at the community level. The purpose of this study was to determine whether U.S. and Canadian dental schools are adequately training their students to provide quality dental care to this group with complex psychosocial and medical issues. With a response rate of 78 percent to a mail survey, it was found that 53 percent of the schools provide less than five hours of didactic training in special care dentistry. Clinical training in this area comprised only 0-5 percent of predoctoral students' time in 73 percent of the responding schools.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trends in special care training in pediatric dental residencies.

Pediatric dentist are often regarded by the dental community as the specialty group best prepared to treat patients with developmental disabilities. This may be because it is the only specialty that receives formal training in behavior management techniques. A questionnaire was mailed to the directors of all 55 ADA-accredited pediatric dental residency programs in the U.S. The purpose of the survey was two-fold: the first aim was to quantify the training that pediatric dental residents receive in providing care to persons with developmental disabilities. A second area of investigation addressed the issue of pediatric dentist continuing yo treat persons with developmental disabilities into adulthood. The survey determined that pediatric dental residency programs provide considerable training in "Special Care" dentistry. While adults with developmental disabilities continue to be treated in 48 percent of responding programs, 55 percent of the program directors stated outright that it should not be the role of pediatric dentist to provide treatment to this population.

Adult↗