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Biomedical subjects

M Rondeau

Publications and source records attributed to M Rondeau.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Update of pernicious anemia. A retrospective study of 49 cases].

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the present clinical characteristics of the pernicious anemia (PA). METHOD: It is a retrospective (1996-2002) multicenter (five departments of internal medicine) study of 49 patients presenting an established cobalamin deficiency related to PA. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 74 years (25-93), the female/male ratio 2:9. Several autoimmune disorders were noted in 35% of the patients. Various clinical manifestations, mainly neurological, cutaneous and thrombotic, were found in 65.4% of the patients, at least one hematological abnormalities in 100%. Average serum vitamin B12 and homocystein levels were with 73 pg/ml (20-1960) and 42.9 micromol/l (7, 8-124). Anti-intrinsic factor or anti-parietal gastric cells antibodies were found in 87.5% and 62% of the patients (at least one antibody, in 96%) abnormal Schilling's test results in 86%. All the followed patients were successful treated with intramuscular (n = 27) or oral crystalline cyanocobalamin (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS: PA was associated with several autoimmune disorders; PA may be responsible of various clinical manifestations or biological abnormalities; and oral crystalline cyanocobalamin treatment may be successful.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction in internal medicine: etiology and prognosis, report of a retrospective study].

PURPOSE: To analyze the context in which acute colonic pseudo-obstructions occur in a medical practice. METHOD: Retrospective study of patients with an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction hospitalized in an internal medicine department between November 1992 and December 1999. RESULTS: We found 12 patients including eight men (mean age: 80.2 years). All had abdominal pains. Seven patients presented an occlusive syndrome. A septic shock occurred in two subjects. The average diameter of the cecum was 10 cm. Distention involved the whole colon for nine patients, and only the left part for three. Six subjects were affected by a bronchopneumonia, three had a previous history of recent diarrhea, two had colonic diverticulitis, and two others had a diabetic neuropathy. Ogilvie's syndrome revealed hypothyroidism for one patient. Nine patients were taking one or more medications incriminated in the acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: calcium-channel blockers (n = 6), neuroleptics (n = 5), antidepressant agents (n = 4), dopaminergic drugs (n = 2) and opiates (n = 1). Five patients underwent a colonoscopic decompression. Surgical procedures were undertaken for three patients: one underwent a complete colectomy because of numerous perforation. Except for the colectomized patient, the outcome resulted in either recovery (n = 7), partial improvement (n = 3), or recurrence (n = 1). CONCLUSION: In a medical environment, acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is a pathology for elderly persons, namely with a masculine predominance and often associated with iatrogenic factors. The outcome is more often than not favorable, but it may result in invasive acts or significant complications at this age.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2001

A case of giant cell arteritis associated with suspected cerebral angiitis.

We report the case of a patient with giant cell arteritis associated with cognitive dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging showed areas of subcortical increased signalling, suggesting intracerebral angiitis. Steroid and heparin therapy resulted in spectacular improvement in clinical status, and MRI abnormalities regressed almost completely. Intracranial localization of giant cell arteritis and the possible association of giant cell arteritis with primary angiitis of the central nervous system are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[Extra-ocular etiologic factors in retinal vein occlusion. Retrospective study of 24 patients].

PURPOSE: Retinal vein occlusion has several causes. Cardiovascular risk factors, particularly systemic hypertension; as well as thrombophilia appear to be involved in the development of retinal vein occlusion. METHODS: In a retrospective study we analyzed these factors in 24 patients, admitted for retinal vein occlusion and isovolaemic hemodilution in an internal medicine unit. RESULTS: In patients over 50 years of age, cardiovascular risk factors predominate; while in patients under 50, one patient out of two has biological features indicating a risk for thrombosis. CONCLUSION: Serological abnormalities could be involved in the physiopathology of retinal vein occlusion in young patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Predominant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from antibiotic-associated diarrhea is clinically relevant and produces enterotoxin A and the bicomponent toxin LukE-lukD.

Staphylococcus aureus was isolated as the predominant or only isolate from cultures of stools of 60 patients over 2 years in a university hospital, leading to the collection of 114 isolates. Diarrhea was observed in 90% of the patients. Ninety-eight percent of the patients had received antibiotics in the month before the diarrhea. Ninety-two percent of the S. aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. S. aureus was encountered with antibiotic-associated diarrhea among 47 quite elderly patients affected or not affected by a gastrointestinal disease. Among the antimicrobial treatments, cessation of the previous therapy when possible or rapid application of oral vancomycin therapy was the most appropriate. Analysis of total DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed 27 different SmaI pulsotypes distributed in 15 clusters. The pulsotypes never differed for related isolates from a single patient, even if they originated from patients with bacteremia. S. aureus was not isolated as the predominant isolate in cultures of stools of 57 patients who received an antimicrobial treatment for more than 5 days without diarrhea. Occurence of production of both enterotoxin A and the bicomponent leucotoxin LukE-LukD by the S. aureus isolates was significantly different from that by random isolates. The results strongly suggest that when predominant in stool samples, S. aureus should be considered a possible etiologic agent for some cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Growth and metabolism of murine and bovine embryos in bovine uterine flushing-supplemented culture media.

The aim of this study was to compare the development and metabolic activity of cultured murine and bovine embryos in 2 standard media (HAM F-10 and RPMI) in the presence or absence of bovine uterine flushings. Murine morulae (n = 653) and day 7 bovine embryos (n = 273) were cultured for 18 h or 36 h in either HAM F-10 or RPMI in the presence or absence of bovine uterine flushings. After culture, the development, quality, and metabolic activity (glucose utilization or methionine uptake and incorporation) of embryos was assessed. It was found that HAM F-10 (without uterine flushings) was a more suitable medium than RPMI for optimal development and metabolism of murine and bovine embryos. Poor quality and development, as well as decreased metabolism, were evident after culture of murine embryos in RPMI; in contrast, this medium had no adverse effects on bovine embryos in culture. Supplementation of HAM F-10 with bovine uterine flushings improved the growth of murine embryos and the protein synthesis (as measured by an increased methionine incorporation) for both murine and bovine embryos. However, supplementation with bovine uterine flushings could not overcome deficiencies of an inappropriate medium (RPMI) for murine embryos. Supplementation of a well-defined culture medium with uterine flushings increased metabolism of embryos in culture, and thus might help to increase pregnancy rates after transfer of such embryos to recipient cows.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Assessment of embryo potential by visual and metabolic evaluation.

Morphological evaluation of embryos is essential to the success of embryo transfer procedures and is presumed to reflect embryo metabolic activity. To investigate this assumption, correlations between morphological and metabolic parameters were determined for cultured murine morulae. After 18 h (n = 47) or 36 h (n = 48) of culture in M16, the developmental rate and quality (poor or good) of embryos were estimated, and, then, either their (14)C-glucose utilization or (35)s-methionine uptake and incorporation were measured. Retarded developing, or poor-quality embryos had lower mean glucose utilization, uptake and incorporation rates than normally developing or good-quality embryos (P < 0.05). After 18 h of culture, an association was found between developmental rate and metabolic activity, but this was not evident after 36 h of culture. Similarly, an association was found between embryo quality and metabolic activity. As expected, poor embryo quality was indicative of low metabolism throughout the culture period, but good quality did not necessarily indicate normal metabolic activity. Thus, morphological parameters do not always reflect metabolic competence, and some functional defects were not detectable by visual evaluation alone. Measuring metabolic parameters could complement visual evaluation for a better selection of embryos prior to transfer.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Immunomodulation in choroidal melanoma: reversal of inverted CD4/CD8 ratios following treatment with ultrasonic hyperthermia.

It has long been suggested that malignant melanomas, cutaneous as well as uveal, are responsive to human immune-mediated host defenses. We report here 5 consecutive cases of posterior choroidal melanomas which were treated with hyperthermia generated by high-intensity focused ultrasound. Patient immune function was monitored by determination of T-cell helper/suppressor (CD4/CD8) ratios immediately before and approximately 1 week following hyperthermia treatment. All 5 patients had normal total T-cell counts as measured by the pan-T-cell marker CD3. Two patients were noted to have inverted CD4/CD8 ratios (< 1:1) before hyperthermia. In both these cases, the ratio reverted to normal (> 1:1) 1 week following treatment. One patient whose CD4/CD8 ratio was not inverted was noted to have a further increase in his CD4 T cells relative to his CD8 (37% increase). Two patients with initially normal CD4/CD8 demonstrated no significant change following hyperthermia. It appears that ultrasonic hyperthermia may induce a systemic immunomodulatory effect in patients with posterior choroidal melanoma and inverted T-cell helper/suppressor resulting in a normalization of T-cell subset ratios.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Effect of glycerol on motility, viability, extracellular aspartate aminotransferase release and fertility of stallion semen before and after freezing.

The effect of different glycerol concentrations (0 to 5.3 per cent) on motility, viability and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) release of stallion spermatozoa was studied before and after deep-freezing. Addition of glycerol to a TRIS-fructose-egg yolk diluent used to extend stallion semen had no effect on motility and viability of spermatozoa and it did not increase AST release. Inclusion of glycerol in the extender only partially preserved the motility and viability of stallion semen during deep-freezing. A fertility trial revealed that concentrating stallion semen by centrifugation, followed by addition of the extender containing 7.5 per cent glycerol, had little effect on fertility and a 70 per cent conception rate was obtained in 10 mares after inseminations during one service period. Freezing and thawing horse spermatozoa, even in the presence of 7.5 per cent glycerol, significantly decreased the fertilisation rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of dilution rates, animal species and instruments on the spectrophotometric determination of sperm counts.

Using semen from bull, boar and stallion as well as different spectrophotometers, we established the calibration curves relating the optical density of a sperm sample to the sperm count obtained on the hemacytometer. The results show that, for a given spectrophotometer, the calibration curve is not characteristic of the animal species we studied. The differences in size of the spermatozoa are probably too small to account for the anticipated specificity of the calibration curve. Furthermore, the fact that different dilution rates must be used, because of the vastly different concentrations of spermatozoa which is characteristic of those species, has no effect on the calibration curves since the dilution rate is shown to be artefactual. On the other hand, for a given semen, the calibration curve varies depending upon the spectrophotometry used. However, if two instruments have the same characteristic in terms of spectral bandwidth, the calibration curves are not statistically different.

Animals↗