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M Roudier

Publications and source records attributed to M Roudier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Genital Schistosoma mansoni bilharziasis in women: apropos of 2 cases in Guadeloupe].

Schistosoma mansoni is the only cause of bilharziasis in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Ectopic ovarian and endometrial involvement is rare with only one case of bilharziasis of the endometrium having previously been described in the literature. This report describes two cases of Schistosoma mansoni bilharziasis revealed by genital tract involvement. In one case involvement was endometrial and led to metrorrhagia. Histological examination of the biopsy sample obtained by curettage of the endometrium demonstrated the presence of eggs with lateral spurs. In the other case ovarian involvement was detected during assessment for associated infertility and chronic pelvic pain. Celioscopic examination showed pelvic and perihepatic adhesions secondary to sexually transmissible infection. Histologic examination of an ovarian growth demonstrated the presence of Bilharzia eggs. Both patients underwent antiparasitic treatment using oxamniquine (Vansil) which led to the resolution of metrorrhagia in the first case.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Conjunctival epidermoid carcinoma and human immunodeficiency virus].

We describe the clinical and histopathological findings of a conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma occurring in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The excisional biopsy specimen disclosed a papillar, well differentiated and mature squamous cell carcinoma with microinvasion. The biopsy was studied for the presence of Human papilloma virus DNA by using in situ hybridization but no signal was demonstrated in any part of the tumour. Although Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are the most common malignancies reported in AIDS, squamous cell carcinomas may be encountered in the disease. Underlying infection with the human immunodeficiency virus should be considered when conjunctival localization of such malignancies is observed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Principal component analysis of language performances in Alzheimer's disease.

This report analyzes the performances of a group of 104 mildly to moderately impaired probable Alzheimer's disease patients (Mini Mental Examination 10 to 23) on linguistic tasks exploring written and oral language. A principal component analysis showed a two-factor solution including 14 out of the 15 linguistic tasks. Each factor is characterized by a type of operation required to process language material: "operativeness factor," where verbal material receives a transformation; "transcoding factor," where verbal material is processed without any structural modification. Oral verbal repetition remained isolated from the solution.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Natural murine infestation by Angiostrongylus costaricensis Morera and Cespedes, 1971 in Guadeloupe].

In 1992, two cases of abdominal angiostrongylosis were reported in young Guadeloupean children. With a view to determine the natural infestation rate of Guadeloupe rodents (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus) by Angiostrongylus costaricensis, 656 rats caught in the country have been examined. Both murine species are naturally infested (6.2% in R. rattus and 14.9% in R. norvegicus), which gives a total prevalence of 7.5%. This total prevalence is higher in the tourist area. A complementary investigation proves to be necessary to identify in Guadeloupe the alleged intermediate hosts (slugs, land snails) in which the human illness has its direct origins.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1992

[Presence of abdominal angiostrongylosis in Guadeloupe. Apropos of 2 recent cases].

The authors describe the first two cases of abdominal angiostrongylosis in Guadeloupe, confirmed by a histological analysis. Physicians must be aware of the presence of Angiostrongylus costaricensis in the West Indies in order to provide better care for children presenting with fever, abdominal pain and rectorragiae, along with intense biological markers of inflammation.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1991

Reduced protein kinase C activity in sporadic Alzheimer's disease fibroblasts.

A decrease in the protein kinase C immunoreactivity and an altered protein phosphorylation have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease, but discordant results have been obtained from determinations of protein kinase C activity. By assaying the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent phosphorylation of a lysine-rich histone after detergent extraction, we have determined the total protein kinase C activity in fibroblasts from patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease, age-matched controls and young subjects. The activity was not significantly different between young and aged controls, whereas it was significantly lower (0.70 +/- 0.12 vs 1.16 +/- 0.23 nmol/min/mg protein, P less than 0.01) in the patients. The total amount of protein kinase C estimated from the binding of phorbol dibutyrate to intact cells was also significantly lower (1.70 +/- 0.41 vs 2.48 +/- 0.54 pmol/mg protein, P less than 0.01). This decrease in protein kinase C activity suggests that abnormal protein phosphorylation might play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type: is there a correlation between entorhinal cortex and dentate gyrus lesions?

Senile plaques (SP) are one of the neuropathological hallmarks of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). In 14 patients affected with SDAT (over 74 years of age), thioflavine S, Tau and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stainings demonstrated an increased density of SP in the outer two thirds of the dentate gyrus molecular layer. However, a wide range of SP density was observed among the cases. The molecular layer of the dentate gyrus is one of the termination site of the perforant pathway that originates in layers II and III of the entorhinal cortex. We have found that the number of AChE-, thioflavine S- and Tau-positive SP that accumulate in the dentate gyrus is positively correlated with the density of thioflavine S-stained neurofibrillary tangles in layers II and III of the entorhinal cortex. In contrast, a similar correlation is not found when using Tau immunolabeling of the entorhinal tangles. These observations show an association between the accumulation of AChE-positive SP in the dentate molecular layer and the lesions of the perforant pathway. Furthermore, they suggest that the density of SP in the dentate gyrus correlates with the late stages of neurofibrillary tangles formation (thioflavine S positive), but not with the early stages (Tau positive).

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1990

Is basic red cell ferritin a more specific indicator than serum ferritin in the assessment of iron stores in the elderly?

Iron status was evaluated in 103 elderly institutionalized individuals using haemoglobin concentration, red cell indices, serum iron, serum transferrin, serum ferritin and basic red cell ferritin. Inflammatory processes were identified by measuring concentrations of orosomucoid and C-reactive protein in serum and leukocyte counts. Anaemia was present in 16.5% of the individuals. No serum ferritin values were in the range of depleted iron stores; however 6% of the elderly individuals presented basic red cell ferritin less than 3 attog/cell (3 x 10(-18) g/cell). Serum ferritin was positively correlated with markers of inflammation. Basic red cell ferritin measurement was not influenced by inflammation and may provide a reliable indicator of iron status in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Neuropathologic study of 50 cases of senile dementia].

Fifty brains from patients prospectively studied in a geriatric hospital (Charles Richet Study) were examined pathologically. The patients were senile (mean age: 85) and demented and had been clinically diagnosed as senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT), vascular or multi-infarct dementia (VD), mixed dementia (MD). The whole brain was studied after formalin fixation and coronal sections. The senile changes were quantified in 6 neocortical areas, hippocampus and amygdala and subcortical structures after staining by thioflavine--S and Bodian's method. The other vascular and degenerative lesions were semiquantitatively studied. Three groups of patients were identified after microscopic examination: 1. SDAT (n = 27), 2. VD (n = 6), 3. MD (n = 15), 2 patients had no significant pathological correlate for dementia. Comparison of thioflavine S and Bodian's method in 30 cases showed the former to be more sensitive for the identification of senile plaques. In SDAT, 13/27 brains lacked neurofibrillary tangles in the neocortex. Amyloid angiopathy was observed in 78% of the brains but lacked in 5/6 cases affected by pure VD. Significant lesions of the substantia nigra were observed in 13 cases with typical features of Parkinson's disease in 2 cases. The locus coeruleus was affected mainly in SDAT cases (20/27) and in some cases of VD or MD (6/21). The raphe nuclei showed neuronal loss in 18% of the cases, mostly SDAT. In this series of cases, neocortical neurofibrillary tangles could be lacking in SDAT. Amyloid angiopathy was almost always present in SDAT and MD. Subcortical structures involved in cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotoninergic innervation of the cortex were more severely impaired in SDAT and MD than in VD. Mixed dementia was frequent in these very old demented patients. Clinical and pathological criteria are needed to identify this group of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Prolapse of the urethral mucosa in girls].

36 cases of prolapses of the urethral mucosa in young girls are reported. The prolapse often presents as a painless vulvar mass appearing at first to be vaginal. The next common symptom is bleeding. Diagnosis is aided by urethral catheterization. The cause is unknown but increased abdominal pressure plays a major role. The best treatment is a simple excision of the prolapse if medical treatment is not sufficient.

Black People↗
PubMed1989

Platelet [3H]-imipramine binding is not modified in Alzheimer's disease.

Platelet [3H]-imipramine binding was studied in patients with Alzheimer's disease and control subjects matched to the patients for age and sex. There were no differences in the binding parameters of [3H]-imipramine on platelet membranes from patients with Alzheimer's disease, when compared with the control group. These results suggest that [3H]-imipramine binding could be a useful tool to discriminate between demented and depressive patients in elderly populations.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Serum neuron-specific enolase in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.

The level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a glycolytic enzyme localized in neurons, was measured in the serum of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). No difference was observed between NSE levels in SDAT and in healthy elderly controls of the same age range. No correlation was found between NSE levels and severity of the cognitive deficits. There was a marginally significant negative correlation between age and NSE, younger patients having higher NSE levels. The present results suggest that serum NSE is not a useful biological marker in the senile form of the dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacological modulation of cortisol secretion and dexamethasone suppression in Alzheimer's disease.

We have investigated the dexamethasone suppression of cortisol release in a group of 28 patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) after stimulation by physostigmine and clonidine, as compared with basal conditions. All patients but one had previously been evaluated with a depression symptom checklist and had submitted to a standard Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST). SDAT patients showed normal baseline cortisol values measured at 4:00 PM. DST was reproducible, but nonsuppression did not appear to be a feature of the disease, nor of the dementia syndrome, although a majority of the most demented patients were found to be nonsuppressors. Physostigmine stimulated cortisol secretion in 20 of 24 cases, irrespective of the severity of dementia. Clonidine induced a secretion in 12 of 15 cases, but this was less than that observed after cholinergic stimulation. Physostigmine made cortisol release significantly less sensitive to the suppressive effect of dexamethasone than clonidine in SDAT. This double response should be tested as a possible predictor of a cholinergic therapeutic effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Dermatoglyphic patterns in senile dementia of Alzheimer's type.

Several reports suggest a genetic relationship between senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) and Down's syndrome. We have analyzed fingerprints and palmar patterns in an elderly female population comprising a group of 34 patients with probable SDAT, a group of 20 patients with other dementias, and a group of 20 non-demented controls. A bilateral Sydney line was found to be significantly more frequent in the SDAT group than in the two other groups (p less than 0.01, sensitivity 30%, specificity 95%, positive predictive value 91%, negative predictive value 61%). A bilateral Sydney line was as frequent in the SDAT group as in Down's syndrome. The limit value of the index of transversality equal or superior to 31, which is considered as a feature of Down's syndrome, was significantly more frequent in the SDAT group than in the two other groups (right hand p less than 0.05, left hand p less than 0.02). A bilateral discriminant value of this index was also significantly more frequent in the SDAT group than in the two other groups (p less than 0.02), as was an index of transversality higher than 31 on at least one hand (p less than 0.01). In contrast with other reports, we haven't found significantly different frequencies of digital ulnar loops and true hypothenar patterns between the SDAT group and the two others.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Quantitative analysis of the distribution of acetylcholinesterase-positive senile plaques in the hippocampal formation in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type].

Senile plaques (SP) are one of the major neuropathologic hallmarks of senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT). The regional distribution of SP stained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been quantified in the hippocampal formation of patients with SDAT. Consistent differences in plaque distribution and density were observed between different patients. SP were significantly more numerous in the outer dentate molecular layer, whereas their density was low in other hippocampal regions. The quantity of AChE positive SP seemed to correlate with the density of neurofibrillary tangles in the entorhinal cortex. The AChE positive SP had a pattern of distribution different from the one observed with Thioflavin S. These results are discussed in light of a possible sprouting of cholinergic septal afferents.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

Rearrangement of chromosome 21 in Alzheimer's disease.

We have analyzed the DNA from four patients suffering from a dementia of the Alzheimer type and of four controls of identical age. Estimates of the copy numbers of two genes located on chromosome 21, SOD1 and ETS2, gave the following results: in all the cases there was duplication of ETS2 whereas SOD1 was normal. These preliminary results indicate that the segment of chromosome 21(q21----q22.1) is rearranged in all the four patients who were investigated.

Alzheimer Disease↗