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Biomedical subjects

M Ruth

Publications and source records attributed to M Ruth.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Scintigraphic detection of gastro-pulmonary aspiration in patients with respiratory disorders.

The scintigraphic detection of small nocturnal aspirations of radio-labelled gastric contents is difficult in the presence of high remaining activity in the abdomen, causing a non-uniform background activity. This problem was examined in phantom experiments and a technique for interpolative background correction was further developed. The accuracy of this technique was found to be influenced by the distance between the lung and the abdominal source of activity, and the minimum detectable 'aspirated' activity was determined as 0.1 MBq at a distance of 15 cm and 1 MBq at 5 cm. The interpolative technique for background correction was evaluated on healthy volunteers and laryngectomized patients, examined 10 h after intragastric instillation of 200 MBq of 99Tcm-pertechnetate. After background subtraction, their calculated pulmonary mean net count value was comparable to that registered before the radioactive tracer was administered. No localized accumulation of activity was found in any of these controls. The technique was then applied clinically to 55 patients with chronic respiratory disorders and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Aspiration was detected in 11 patients (20%). Five aspirators had asthma, two a chronic cough of unknown origin, two recurrent pulmonary infections, and one chronic bronchitis and chronic laryngitis respectively. Aspiration was detected among patients with and without demonstrated pathological gastroesophageal reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of symptoms suggestive of esophageal disorders.

A questionnaire study was conducted to assess the prevalence and severity of symptoms suggestive of esophageal disorders in a general population. The study included 407 randomly selected subjects, evenly distributed in terms of sex and age, within the age span of 20-79 years. A total of 337 subjects replied (85%). Symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux were found among 25% of the participants. Cough on swallowing was common (27%), as was globus (16%) and chest pain (13%). In addition, dysphagia was reported by 10% and vomiting by 9%. The symptoms were usually mild, and moderate to severe symptoms were reported only occasionally (1-4%). No statistical correlation was found between esophageal symptoms and age, sex, or the reported consumption of tobacco, alcohol, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The frequency of heartburn and/or acid regurgitation was twice as common among those with symptoms of respiratory disease as among those with no respiratory complaints. A stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that a chronic cough and/or breathing difficulties were significantly related to the presence of symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A clinical comparison of hydrocortisone butyrate with oxytetracycline/hydrocortisone acetate-polymyxin B in the local treatment of acute external otitis.

In a single blind, randomized study, 46 patients with acute external otitis were treated with either oxytetracycline/hydrocortisone with polymyxin B (TPB) or hydrocortisone-17-alpha-butyrate eardrops for 7 days. Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staph. aureus were the microorganisms most frequently found in the ear canal. Fungi were not found in any culture. The overall cure rate was 80%. No significant difference in therapeutic efficacy was noted between the preparations except regarding Staph. aureus, which was cultured from 17% of the patients. Although the butyrate solution did not contain any antibiotic supplement, it seemed to be more effective than TPB in treating the staphylococcal infections. These findings suggest that such other factors as the hydrogen ion concentration, the steroid potency or the vehicle per se are of importance for the successful treatment of acute external otitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Involution of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma with intracranial extension. A case report with computed tomographic assessment.

In September 1979 the patient, a man born in 1964, noticed pain and swelling of the right cheek in combination with periods of epistaxis. A computed tomographic scan revealed a tumor extending from the middle of the right nasal cavity into the right maxillary antrum and up toward the orbital floor with destruction of the medial and lateral walls of the antrum and continuing into the sphenoid sinus on the right side and dorsal to the pterygoid process up under the base of the skull. Angiography showed arterial supply mainly from the right external carotid artery, but also from the right internal carotid artery and the left external carotid artery. The process was diagnosed as a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. In spite of two attempts at resection of the tumor and arterial embolization, the tumor progressed intracranially. Further operative attempts were decided against, and the patient was followed with repeated computed tomographic scans. The tumor eventually became involuted; eight years after the initial diagnosis, there was no evidence of computed tomographic scans of intracranial growth of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of omeprazole or ranitidine treatment on 24-hour esophageal acidity in patients with reflux esophagitis.

Twenty-two consecutive patients with gastroesophageal reflux and erosive or ulcerative esophagitis entered a double-blind, randomized study comparing the effect of 20 mg omeprazole once daily with that of 150 mg ranitidine twice daily on esophageal acidity. Ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH measurements were performed within 1 month before inclusion and after 3 weeks of medication. Omeprazole significantly (p less than 0.05) reduced the number of reflux (pH less than 4) episodes, the number of refluxes lasting greater than 5 min, and the total reflux time. In contrast, ranitidine significantly reduced only the total reflux time. When the two treatment groups were compared, a significant difference in favor of omeprazole was found for daytime and total reflux values, except for the longest reflux and the number of reflux episodes lasting greater than 5 min. Substantial differences, also in favor of omeprazole, were found with regard to the effect on endoscopic healing of the esophagitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Sarcoidosis of the stomach and rectum.

A patient, whose symptoms included epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting relieved with antacids but with no history of diarrhea or constipation, was found to have generalized sarcoidosis involving his lungs, liver, lymph nodes, skin, stomach and rectum. Because sarcoidosis rarely involves the gastrointestinal tract, we report this case.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lower esophageal sphincter characteristics and esophageal acid exposure following partial or 360 degrees fundoplication: results of a prospective, randomized, clinical study.

In a prospective, randomized, clinical trial, we compared a partial (180-200 degrees, Toupet) with a total fundoplication (360 degrees, Rossetti) in the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Seventy-one patients entered the trial; 33 were allocated to a partial fundoplication and 38 to a 360 degrees fundic wrap. Each patient was investigated prior to as well as 3 and/or 6 months after the operation, including an endoscopic and clinical assessment. Manometry was carried out via a triple lumen catheter and the pressure in the high pressure zone (HPZ) in the distal esophagus was measured as well as the length of the intraabdominal segment by a "station pull-through" technique. Acid exposure of the esophageal mucosa was evaluated by ambulatory 24-hour pH measurements. Acid exposure of the esophageal mucosa was "normalized" by the 2 operations. In addition, the length of the HPZ was increased to a "normal" level by both operations. The pressure of the HPZ was, however, "normalized" only in patients allocated to a Rossetti fundoplication, whereas patients operated on with a partial fundoplication had a significantly lower HPZ pressure (p less than 0.01). The clinical assessment revealed excellent results in both groups with no significant differences between the 2 operations except for a higher incidence of dysphagia at 3 months after a Rossetti fundoplication (p less than 0.01), which disappeared during the subsequent 3 months.

Adult↗