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Biomedical subjects

M Rutherford

Publications and source records attributed to M Rutherford.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Prognostic value of continuous electroencephalographic recording in full term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

The prognostic value of early neonatal continuous electroencephalographic recordings in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy was evaluated. Thirty seven full term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy were studied. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded using four or eight channel Oxford Medilog recorders and was started as soon as possible after birth. The recordings were initially visually analysed and divided into four categories: three in relation to the grade of discontinuity of the background activity (continuous, discontinuous, and maximum depression) and an additional fourth category to include status epilepticus. The EEGs with discontinuous activity were then analysed by computer to obtain a more objective assessment of discontinuity. The results were related to neurological outcome. Continuous background activity was associated with a normal outcome in all but the three infants who had continuous, but asymmetrical EEGs and who developed contralateral hemiplegia. In the eight infants with discontinuous activity, the outcome appeared to be related to the grade of continuity and the presence of clear convulsions on the EEG. The 10 infants with maximum depression and status epilepticus had severe impairment. These preliminary results suggest that continuous recording of EEGs could be used routinely in term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Computer analysis can improve the value of this technique, allowing the identification of infants who might benefit from early therapeutic intervention.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1992

Pediatric streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

Two children who presented with fever, rash, and hypotension were found to have group A beta hemolytic streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. These cases are reported to remind physicians who care for acutely ill children that exotoxin-producing streptococci can produce clinical features and multisystem failure similar to staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Combinations of anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibodies inhibit human tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo: evidence for synergistic antiproliferative effects.

Thirty-two murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the external domain of the human transferrin (Tf) receptor have been obtained using human Tf receptor glycoprotein produced in a baculovirus expression system as immunogen. The MAbs were tested separately, and in combination, for their ability to inhibit growth of CCRF-CEM leukemic T-cells in tissue culture. One MAb, D65.30, an IgG1, inhibited growth of CCRF-CEM cells as effectively as the anti-Tf receptor MAb 42/6, an IgA, previously found to have the highest antiproliferative activity in this assay. Some combinations of two or more MAbs inhibited the in vitro growth of CCRF-CEM much more effectively than single MAbs. Eleven IgG1 anti-Tf receptor MAbs, when combined individually with D65.30, increased the inhibition of CCRF-CEM growth from approximately 65% to greater than 90% in a 7-day growth assay. Similarly, many IgG MAbs in combination with 42/6 also inhibited CCRF-CEM growth by greater than 90%. The growth-inhibitory effects of certain combinations of MAbs were clearly synergistic, because either one or both MAbs tested separately were inactive. These pairs of MAbs also inhibited the growth of HL-60 and KG-1 leukemic cells by greater than 90% and partially inhibited the growth of K562 erythroleukemia and M21 melanoma cells, which are resistant to MAb 42/6. However, not all combinations of anti-Tf receptor MAbs were more effective; eight MAbs markedly antagonized the antiproliferative effects of D65.30, whereas 12 others had little or no effect. Preincubation of HL-60 cells with three different pairs of MAbs, D65.30 and A27.15, B3/25 and 42/6, and B3/25 and TR3A, inhibited subsequent colony formation by greater than 95%, demonstrating that their action is cytotoxic, not cytostatic. The antiproliferative activity of these pairs of MAbs correlates with their ability to block Tf-mediated 59Fe uptake and perturb Tf receptor expression. Treatment of nude mice bearing established s.c. CCRF-CEM tumors with a combination of MAbs D65.30 and A27.15 inhibited tumor growth and in some animals led to complete tumor regression. Each MAb administered separately was much less effective. We conclude that combinations of two or more anti-Tf receptor MAbs can interact synergistically to inhibit cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Regulation of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase gene expression by interferons and platelet-derived growth factor.

In murine BALB/c 3T3 cell cultures, either beta interferon or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) enhanced expression of the 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase mRNA and protein. The time course of induction in response to beta interferon was similar to that in response to PDGF. Of several growth factors known to be present in clotted blood serum (i.e., epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, and PDGF), only PDGF enhanced expression of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase. The linkage of an interferon response element-containing segment from the 5'-flanking region of a human or murine 2',-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase gene made a heterologous gene responsive to interferon. The expression of such a gene construct in transfected cells was also induced by PDGF. Induction by PDGF was inhibited by mono- or polyclonal antibodies to murine interferon, which suggested that induction by PDGF requires interferon. Both PDGF and interferon induced nuclear factors that bound to this interferon response element-containing segment in vitro.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1984

A career ladder for radiological technologists.

A career ladder is a mechanism for employee progression within a chosen field. This paper describes the design and implementation of such a system in a large community radiology department. The career ladder system included integrated job descriptions, salary scales and evaluation procedures for radiology technologists. The implementation of this new system had a positive effect on employee morale manifested in decreased turnover, less absenteeism and increased job satisfaction.

Career Mobility↗